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zhuceid木虫 (小有名气)
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xrd在纳米材料中的应用有那些？？做何种类型的检测？
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纳米材料可以利用xrd做物相分析。以前自己只是用xrd打一下，看看谱峰的位置和强度。判定纳米材料的的种类和结构 除了上述方法，还可以用xrd做什么检测呢？？能反应材料的什么性质？ |
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百度搜索下，多呢： http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=XRD++%C4%C9%C3%D7&cl=3 木虫相关书也不少 Characterizing nanomaterials with XRD本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a powerful method for the study of nanomaterials (m本文来自:博研联盟论坛 aterials with structural features of at least one dimension in the range of 1-本文来自:博研联盟论坛 100 nm). Nanomaterials have a characteristic microstructure length comparable 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 with the critical length scales of physical phenomena, giving them unique mech本文来自:博研联盟论坛 anical, optical and electronic properties.本文来自:博研联盟论坛 X-ray diffractograms of nanomaterials provide a wealth of information - from p本文来自:博研联盟论坛 hase composition to crystallite size, from lattice strain to crystallographic 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 orientation. The Georgia Institute of Technology's Center for Nanoscience and 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Nanotechnology (Georgia Tech; Atlanta, Georgia, USA) is well equipped for nano本文来自:博研联盟论坛 material research with PANalytical X'Pert PRO MRD, X'Pert PRO MPD and Alpha-1 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 systems, each used for particular applications.本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Growth orientation of ZnO nanobelts本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Nanobelts are single crystal, defect-free, shape-specific semiconductors requi本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ring no protection against oxidation - properties that have many potential app本文来自:博研联盟论坛 lications. At Georgia Tech, the X'Pert PRO MRD was used to study the growth or本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ientation of nanobelts with respect to the single crystal Al2O3 substrate.本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Professor Z L Wang's research group, working with ZnO nanobelts, has shown tha本文来自:博研联盟论坛 t under certain conditions these can be grown in different crystallographic or本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ientations with specific dimensions and shapes. Figure 1 shows the TEM image o本文来自:博研联盟论坛 f a typical ZnO nanobelt. [attachment=15920] 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Figure 1: TEM micrograph of a ZnO nanobelt. The sphere at the tip of the nanob本文来自:博研联盟论坛 elt is the Au catalyst used in this specific study.本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Figure 2 shows nanobelts with a definite preferred growth orientation, with re本文来自:博研联盟论坛 spect to a single crystal substrate. The Fourier transform of the SEM microgra本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ph (Figure 3) confirms the XRD findings. While microscopy techniques and XRD a本文来自:博研联盟论坛 re complementary, in this study XRD has the advantage of being able to sample 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 a large volume of material, providing an average representation of the microst本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ructure.本文来自:博研联盟论坛 [attachment=15923] 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Figure 2: XRD pole figure of 0002本文来自:博研联盟论坛 [attachment=15924] 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Figure 3a: SEM micrograph of ZnO nanobelts本文来自:博研联盟论坛 [attachment=15925] 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Figure 3b: Fourier transform of SEM micrograph本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Studying the defects of nano-structured metals本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 A high-resolution diffractometer such as the X'Pert PRO Alpha-1 may not be an 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 obvious choice for studying dislocation type and density evolution in nano-str本文来自:博研联盟论坛 uctured Cu by deformation at liquid nitrogen temperature, considering that mat本文来自:博研联盟论坛 erials with small crystallite size will have correspondingly broad, low intens本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ity diffraction peak profiles. However, for some materials, broadening may be 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 due to more than just crystallite size and the Alpha-1's ability to eliminate 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 the redundant Ka2 contribution to the profile means less error in the final an本文来自:博研联盟论坛 alysis.本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Figure 4 shows crystallite size distributions at four levels of deformation by本文来自:博研联盟论坛 rolling copper under liquid nitrogen temperature. The total dislocation densi本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ty and types of dislocations were then extracted from the XRD line profile ana本文来自:博研联盟论坛 lysis (figure 5). Studies like these help researchers understand the unique me本文来自:博研联盟论坛 chanical properties of nano-structured metals.本文来自:博研联盟论坛 [attachment=15926] 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Figure 4: Crystallite size distribution at different deformation levels本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Figure 5: Dislocation character and densities in deformed nano-structured Cu a本文来自:博研联盟论坛 s a function of deformation本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 In situ high temperature analysis of 3D nanostructures本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Georgia Tech's X'Pert PRO MPD is fitted with an HTK1200 oven - an in situ diff本文来自:博研联盟论坛 raction tool used in this case to convert silica-based diatom nanostructures t本文来自:博研联盟论坛 o materials such as MgO, while preserving their complex shapes.本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Diatoms are single-celled aquatic microorganisms, which assemble complex silic本文来自:博研联盟论坛 a microshells (frustules) containing channels, pores or other intricate featur本文来自:博研联盟论坛 es. Although the sizes of diatoms vary, typical frustule dimensions are around本文来自:博研联盟论坛 100 micrometers. Such 3D assemblies of magnesia nanocrystals could have agric本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ultural, pharmaceutical, petrochemical, environmental and structural applicati本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ons.本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Diffractograms collected every five minutes during the isothermal annealing pr本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ocess document the progress of the chemical conversion of the diatoms in the p本文来自:博研联盟论坛 resence of Mg vapor (Figure 6).本文来自:博研联盟论坛 [attachment=15927] 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Silica diatom本文来自:博研联盟论坛 [attachment=15928] 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Diatom converted to MgO本文来自:博研联盟论坛 [attachment=15929] 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Figure 6: X-ray diffraction patterns collected during annealing本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 Above information is mostly based on following literatures:本文来自:博研联盟论坛 * ZnO nanobelts: R. Yang, I. Dragomir-Cernatescu, Z.L. Wang and R. L. Snyder本文来自:博研联盟论坛 * MgO Nanodevices: M. S. Haluska, I. Dragomir-Cernatescu, K. H. Sandhage and R本文来自:博研联盟论坛 . L. Snyder本文来自:博研联盟论坛 * Deformed Nano-structured Cu: I. Dragomir-Cernatescu, M. Gheorghe, N. Thadha本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ni and R. L. Snyder本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 More detailed descriptions of the above studies can be found in:本文来自:博研联盟论坛 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 1. Dragomir-Cernatescu I., Gheorghe M., Thadhani N. and Snyder R. L.: "Disloca本文来自:博研联盟论坛 tion densities and character evolution in copper deformed by rolling under liq本文来自:博研联盟论坛 uid nitrogen from X-ray peak profile analysis"; Powder Diffraction pp. 109-111本文来自:博研联盟论坛 , 20(2), (2005).本文来自:博研联盟论坛 2. M. S. Haluska, I. Dragomir-Cernatescu, K. H. Sandhage and R. L. Snyder: "X-本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ray diffraction Analysis of 3-D MgO Diatom Replicas Synthesized by Low-Tempera本文来自:博研联盟论坛 ture Gas/Solid Displacement Reaction"; Powder Diffraction pp. 306-310, 20(4), 本文来自:博研联盟论坛 (2005).本文来自:博研联盟论坛 |
2楼2007-03-21 14:56:49
zhuceid
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