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[求助] 求助三段翻译。海洋生物学有关的

Wrack-loaded beaches have been identified as biogeochemical hot-spots (Coupland et al., 2007), i.e. zones showing dispropor-tional high biogeochemical activity when compared to the adjacent area ( McClain et al., 2003). Coupland et al. (2007) found that a square meter of wrack deposited on the Australian coast supported a three times higher metabolic rate than the equivalent area of living seagrass or macroalgal habitat. Examination of the processes associated with stranded macroalgae and factors controlling them are thus essential to determine the fate of these materials and to assess their importance in the cycling of matter and energy at the sea-land interface.
Beach wrack supports diverse and abundant macrofauna ( Grif-fiths and Stenton-Dozey, 1981; Colombini et al., 2000; Dugan et al.,2003; Jaramillo et al., 2006; Ince et al., 2007; Olabarria et al., 2007;Rodil et al., 2008; Lastra et al., 2008 ) which usually dominates stranded macroalgae habitat in terms of the biomass, but plays a quantitatively lesser role in wrack breakdown which is more likely to be controlled by micro- and meio-fauna ( Koop et al., 1982; Inglis,1989; Jedrzejczak, 2002; McLachlan and Brown, 2006 ). Although the role of meiofauna in general, and nematodes in particular, in the decay processes is well known (Findlay and Tenore, 1982; Aller and Aller, 1992; Alkemade et al., 1992a, b; 1993; De Mesel et al., 2004;Moens et al., 2005), the number of detailed studies dedicated to the wrack-associated meiofauna is surprisingly poor ( Bouwman et al.,1984; Alkemade and Van Rijswijk, 1993; Alkemade et al., 1994 ).
Large quantities of macroalgae are deposited along the Arctic coast(Westawski et al., 1993) but information on the associated fauna,decay and fate of this material and its role for the seasonally ice-covered nearshore ecosystem is lacking. This paper describes the results of a litter bag experiment performed in Hornsund (southern Spitsbergen) to investigate the colonization of freshly deposited macro-detritus by meiofauna with an emphasis on nematodes. The macroalgal deposit was sampled at two locations on the beach profile in order to assess the abundance and composition of the wrack-associated meiofauna. It was hypothesized that wrack-age and moisture content could affect the associated community structure.

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