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scripta materialÉÏ·¢±íµÄÓйØÄÉÃ׳߶ÈÂϾ§µÄÎÄÕ¹²ÓÐ9ƪ£¬¶Ô¹ýÈ¥µÄÖØÒª½øÕ¹ÒÔ¼°Î´À´ÃæÁÙµÄÖØ´óÎÊÌâ½øÐÐÁËÕ¹Íû£¡ ¹²·ÖΪËĸö·½Ã棺 1¡¢±äÐλúÖÆ¼°¼Ó¹¤Ó²»¯Æª ½ðÊôËù¬ÀÚÀÏʦ£ºÓйؼӹ¤Ó²»¯ zhu T ,gao hj ¼ÆËãÄ£Ä⣨1Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute and Technology,Atlanta, GA 30332, USA£© 2¡¢Æ£ÀÍÐÐΪ MIT Suresh S×éÓйØrepeated frictional sliding ½ðÊôËùÕÅÕÜ·å ÍË»ðÂϾ§½çÃÈÉúÁÑÎÆµÄÅÐ¾Ý 3¡¢ÂϾ§Îȶ¨ÐÔ zhang x ,misra ÓйØÄÉÃ×ÂϾ§ÍË»ðÎȶ¨ÐÔ£¨1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas£© Idrissil's groop PdĤÖÐÂϾ§ÐγɻúÖÆ£¨Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020Antwerp, Belgium£© Hodge ²»Í¬Ôغɷ½Ê½ÏµıäÐÎÐÐΪ£¨aDepartment of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA£© 4¡¢Ó¦ÓÃÆª ½ðÊôËù LU K ÔÚ316LÖÐÒýÈëÄÉÃ×ÂϾ§ Harada'group ÔÚ¸ßκϽðÖÐÒýÈëÄÉÃ×ÂϾ§£¨National Institute for Materials Science, Sengen 1-2-1, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan£© ÏêϸµÄ½éÉÜ¿´ÏÂÃæµÄÓ¢ÎĽéÉÜ TBs possess low excess energy, resulting in a number of superior properties relative toconventional GBs, such as higher thermal and mechanical stabilities, lower electricalresistivity and better corrosion resistance. TBs can be generated via crystal growth, phasetransformation, plastic deformation or recrystallization of deformed structure in metals andlloys. Hence, nanotwin strengthening is becoming a practical methodology for optimizingthe global properties and performance of engineering materials The objective of this latest viewpoint set to be published in Scripta Materialia is to elucidatethe state of the art in this rapidly growing research field. Several key issues on the strengthening effect of nanotwins will be addressed, including strength¨Cductility synergy,strain hardening, fatigue and fracture behaviors, plastic deformation mechanism and stability of nanotwinned materials, including pure metals (model materials) and engineeringalloys such as austenitic steels and superalloys. Experimental studies combined withsimulation and modeling focus on revealing the underlying mechanism of nanotwintrengthening. This viewpoint set consists of nine invited articles, dealing with four important aspects of nanotwin strengthening, including deformation mechanism and work hardening of nanotwinned structures, fatigue and fracture in nanotwinned materials, thermal and mechanical stability of nanotwins, and the application of nanotwin strengthening. In the first two articles, Lu et al. analyze the principles and mechanisms governing the work hardening behavior of polycrystalline pure Cu with nanoscale twins. The contributions of several hardening and softening components in the nanotwinned structure in Cu are qualitatively discussed. Zhu and Gao address the TB-mediated deformation mechanisms systematically by using molecular dynamics simulations, dislocation mechanics and crystal plasticity modeling in nanotwinned Cu¡£ The next two articles focus on the fatigue and fracture behaviors of nanotwinned structures in metals. Suresh¡¯s group investigate the tribological properties of Cu specimens consisting ofnanotwinned and nanograined structures£»Zhang et al. explore the fatigue cracking mechanisms at TBs and find that TB cracking is intrinsically determined bythe interactions between the TBs and dislocations (both piled-up and penetrated dislocations),which is controlled by the cooperative effects of the stacking fault energy, the slip mode and the crystallographic orientations in the matrix and the twins¡£ The thermal and mechanical stabilities of TBs are vital for the practical application of nanotwinned materials, and these are addressed in three articles. Zhang and Misra compare the thermal stability of a nanotwinned 330 stainless steel to their nanograined counterparts and find that coherent TBs have a superior thermal stability than high-angle GBs, owing to the energy stored at TBs being an order of magnitude lower than that at high-angle GBs. Idrissil¡¯s group analyze the formation mechanism of nanotwin structures in Pd films and observe a high thermal stability of nanoscale growth twins. The stability of a nanotwin structure in Cu under different mechanical loading tests is explored by Hodge et al. They observe that the nanotwins are very stable against straining, although small microstructural changes occur with different deformation modes. Various forms of destabilization of the nanotwinned structure under mechanical loadings are discussed, including shear bands, deformation-induced grain growth and detwinning. The set ends with two articles presenting applications of the nanotwin strengthening strategy in engineering materials. Lu¡¯s group have succeeded in generating austenitic grains containing multiple nanotwins for strengthening conventional austenitic steels. Their measurement results reveal that the austenite nanotwinned grains are effective in elevating strength as well as work-hardening rates. The austenitic steels strengthened by nanotwinned austenitic grains are found to exhibit superior strength¨Cductility synergies. Harada¡¯s group demonstrate that disks of coarse-grained superalloys can be effectively strengthened by nanoscale twins at high service temperatures¡£[ Last edited by zhyq8767 on 2012-3-2 at 12:45 ] |
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