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1.a dog in the mangerÕ¼×Åé¿Ó²»À­ÊºµÄÈË
³ö×Ô¡¶ÒÁË÷Ô¢ÑÔ¡·(Aesop's Fables)£¬ÓÐһƪ¹·Õ¾Âí²ÛµÄ¹ÊÊ£¬ËµµÄÊÇһͷ¹·ÌÉÔÚ¶ÑÂúµ¾²ÝµÄÂí²ÛÀ¹·ÊDz»³Ô²ÝµÄ¶¯Î¶øµ±Âí»òÅ£Ò»×ß½øµ¾²Ýʱ£¬ÕâÍ·¹·È´³¯×ÅÂí£¬Å£¿ñÏø£¬²»×¼Ê³²Ý¶¯ÎïÏíÓá£Òò´Ë£¬¡°¹·Õ¾Âí²Û¡±¾Í³ÉÁËÒ»¸ö¼ÒÓ÷»§ÏþµÄ³ÉÓï¶ø½øÈëÓ¢ÓïÖУ¬³£ÓÃÀ´±ÈÓ÷a person who prevents others from enjoying sth that is useless to himself; a churlish fellow who will neither use a thing himself nor let others use it£¬·í´ÌÄÇЩռ¾Ý˵ְλ»òijЩÎïÖÊÈ´²»×öʵÄÈË¡£
a dog in the mangerÊǸöÃû´ÊÐÔ¶ÌÓ³£Óëϵ¶¯´ÊÁ¬Ó㬳䵱±íÓÖ÷Óï²¹×ãÓ
eg:He borrowed a lot of books from the library,but he didn't read a book.He was really a dog in the manger.
There are some officials who are only the dogs in the manger.
Smith was a dog in the manger over that roll of wire;it was no use whatever to him,but he wouldn't let us have it.
2.bell the cat×Ô¸æ·ÜÓÂȥðÏÕ£»ÀÏ»¢Í·ÉÏÅIJÔÓ¬
bell the catϵ³ÉÓïto hang the bell about the cat's neckµÄ¼òÂÔ£¬Ô¸ÒâÊÇ¡°¸øÃ¨µÄ²±×ÓÉϹÒÁ塱¡£ËüÀ´×Ô¡¶ÒÁË÷Ô¢ÑÔ¡·(Aesop's Fables)Öеġ¶ÀÏÊó»áÒé¡·(The Mice in Council)
ÕâÆªÔ¢ÑÔ½²µÄÊÇ£ºÒ»ÈºÀÏÊóÔÚÊó¶´Àï¾ÙÐлáÒ飬ÌÖÂÛÈçºÎ¶Ô¸¶Ð׺ݵÄè¡£°×ºúÐëÀÏÊóÌá³ö£º¡°ÎÒÓиö·½·¨£¬ÔÚèµÄ²±×ÓÉϹÒÒ»¸öÁå¡£ÕâÑù£¬Ã¨Ò»×ß¶¯Áå¾ÍÏ죬ÎÒÃǾͿÉÒÔÎÅÁåÉù¶øÌÓ±ÜÁË¡±£¬ÈºÊóÒ»ÖÂͬÒâÕâ¸ö½¨Ò飬»¶ºô£º¡°That's a capital idea.We will bell the cat!No more fear of the cat!¡±µ«ÊÇ£¬Ë­È¥¸øÃ¨¹ÒÁåîõÄØ£¿Ã»ÓÐÒ»Ö»ÀÏÊó¸ÒÈ¥£¬Ò»¸ö¸ö¶¼ÁïµôÁË¡£ÀÏÊó»áÒéºÀÎÞ½á¹û£¬ËüÃDz»°²È«µÄ¾³¿öµ±È»Ò²ÎÞ·¨¸ÄÉÆ¡£
Ô¢ÑÔËù¼ÄÍеÄÒâ˼ºÜÃ÷°×£ºÓöµ½À§ÄѵÄÎÊÌâʱºò£¬¼ÈÐèÒªÓгöıÏײߵÄÈË£¬¸üÐèÒªÓÐͦÉí¶ø³öµÄʵ¸É¼Ò¡£
bell the cat³£ÓÃÀ´±ÈÓ÷to do sth dangerous in order to save others;to step forwar bravely to face the danger;to take a risk for the good of others.
eg:Everybody made suggestion,but no one actually offered to bell the cat.
We didn't know who would put him this delicate question when my friend offered to bell the cat.
3.cry wolfÐé·¢¾¯±¨£»»Å±¨ÏÕÇ飻ΣÑÔËÊÌý
cry wolfÀ´×Ô¡¶ÒÁË÷Ô¢ÑÔ¡·£º¡¶ÄÁͯºÍÀÇ¡· £¨The Shepherdboy and the wolf£©
ÓиöÄÁͯÔÚÀë´å×Ó²»Ô¶µÄɽÆÂÉÏ·ÅÑò£¬ÓÐÒ»´Î£¬ËûΪÁË¿ªÐÄ×÷ÀÖ£¬Í»È»´óº°£º¡°Help!Help!The wolf!¡±È«´åµÄÈ˶¼ÎÅÉùÅÜÀ´Ô®ÖúËûʱ£¬²ÅÖªµÀÕâÖ»ÊÇ¿ªÍæÐ¦¡£Èç´Ë¶ñ×÷¾ç¸ãÁËÁ½Èý´Î¡£ºóÀ´£¬ÀÇÕæµÄÀ´ÁË£¬ÄǸöÄÁͯÔÙºôºÅÇó¾Èʱ£¬Ë­Ò²²»Àí»áËûÁË¡£ÓÚÊÇ£¬ÀǰÑËûµÄÑò³ÔÁË¡£
ÕâÆªÔ¢ÑÔµÄÒâÒåºÜÇå³þ£º°®Ëµ»Ñ»°µÄÈË£¬¼´»òÔÚËûËµÕæ»°Ê±£¬Ò²Ã»ÈËÏàÐÅËû¡£ÓÉ´Ë£¬ÈËÃÇÓÃto cry wolf À´¸ÅÀ¨ÕâÆªÔ¢ÑԵĻù±¾Çé½Ú¼°Æä½Ì½ëÒâÒ壬ÓÃÒÔ±ÈÓ÷to give false alarms;to warn of danger where there is noneÖ®Òâ¡£°´Æä±ÈÓ÷ÒâÒ壬Õâ¸ö³ÉÓïÏ൱Ó뺺ÓïÖгö×Ô¡¶¶«ÖÜÁйúÖ¾¡·µÄµä¹Ê£º·é»ðÏ·Öîºî¡£ÖÜÓÄÍõΪ²©µÃ³èåú°ýÄàһЦ£¬¾¹È»°Ñ¾ü¹ú´óʵ±¶ùÏ·£¬·é»ð±¨¾¯Ï·Öîºî£¬Ê¹¸÷·Öîºî²Ö´Ù·¢±ø£¬³ÛÔ®¾©Ê¦£¬½á¹ûÊÕµ½³°Ð¦¡£ºóÀ´È®ÈÖ½ø·¸£¬ÓÄÍõÔپٷé»ðµ÷±ø£¬Ë­Ò²²»À´ÁË£¬½á¹ûÖÜÓÄÍõÔ⵽ɱÉíÍö¹úÖ®»ö¡£Õâ2¸öµä¹ÊµÄÇé½ÚË䲻ͬ£¬Ô¢ÒâÈ´ÍêÈ«²»Ò»Ö£¬¶¼ÊDZíʾ¡°Ò»³¯Ëµ¼Ù»°£¬Ò»ÊÀÎÞÈËÐÅ¡±
eg:Nobody will believe he is in trouble because he has cried wolf so many times.
Is she really sick of is she just crying wolf?
The newspaper placards that had cried "wolf" so often,cried "wolf" now in vain.
4.Fish in Troubled Waters»ëË®ÃþÓ㣻³Ã»ð´ò½Ù£»ÏÝÓÚ»ìÂÒ
Fish in Troubled WatersÖ±ÒëÊÇ£º¡°»ëË®Àï²¶Ó㡱£¬³ö×Ô¡¶ÒÁË÷Ô¢ÑÔ¡¤Óæ·ò¡·
ÕâÆªÔ¢ÑÔ½­µÄÊÇ£ºÓиöÓæ·òÔÚºÓÀïÕÅÍø²¶Ó㣬Ëû°ÑÓãÍøºáÀ¸ÔÚºÓµÀÀȻºóÄÃÁËÒ»Ìõ¸¿×Åʯ¿éµÄÉþ×Ó£¬²»Í£µÄÅÄ»÷ºÓË®£¬Ê¹Äàɳ·ºÆð£¬ºÓË®»ë×Ç£¬Óã¶ùÔÚ»ÅÂÒÖз׷××ÔͶÂÞÍø£¬Óæ·òÓÃÕâ¸ö·½·¨²¶µÃÁ˺öàÓã¡£µ«×¡ÔÚ¸½½üµÄÈËÖ¸ÔðÓæ·ò˵£º¡°ÎÒÃÇÒûˮȫ¿¿ÕâÌõºÓ£¬Äã°ÑË®¸ãµÃÕâô»ë£¬½ÐÎÒÃǵ½ÄÄÀïÈ¥ÕÒÇåË®ÒûÓÃÄØ£¿¡±Óæ·ò»Ø´ð˵£º¡°¿ÉÊÇ£¬ÎÒÈô²»°ÑË®¸ã»ë£¬ÄǾͷǶöËÀ²»¿ÉÁË¡±
Òò´Ë£¬ÈËÃdz£ÓÃto fish in trouble waters ±ÈÓ÷to try to win advantages for oneself from a disturbed state of affairs; to make use of sb's misfortune to serve one's own ends.²¢Òò´Ë²úÉúÁËÑèÓïit¡¯s good fishing in troubled waters£¨»ìË®ºÃÃþÓ㣩¡£
ÔÚÓ¢ÓïÖУ¬to fish in troubled waters Ò²¿Éд³Éto fish in the muddy waters£¬¶øÇÒwater±ØÐë×öwaters¡£
eg:The man who interferes in South American politics is fishing in troubled waters
I refused to let them come here because i knew they only wanted to fish in troubled waters
Those who made large profits out of illegally selling rationed goods during World War II were fishing in troubled waters.
5.cat's paw ±»ËûÈËÀûÓõÄÈË£»ÊÜÈËÓÞŪÕß
cat's paw Ò²×øcat's-paw»òcatspaw£¬×ÖÃæÒâ˼¡°Ã¨×¦×Ó¡±£¬³öµä17ÊÀ¼Í·¨¹úÖøÃûµÄÔ¢ÑÔ×÷¼ÒÀ­¡¤·âµ¤µÄ¡¶ºï×ÓÓëè¡·¡£½²µÄÊǽƻ«µÄºï×ÓºåÆ­Í·ÄÔ¼òµ¥µÄè¶ù£¬ÌæËü´Ó¯»ðÖÐÈ¡³ö¿¾ÊìµÄÀõ×ÓÀ´¡£Ã¨¶ùÓ¦ÃüÈ¥×ö£¬½á¹ûèצ×Ó±»»ðÉÕÉËÁË£¬¶øÈ¡³öµÄÀõ×ÓÈ´±»ºï×Ó³Ô¹âÁË¡£
×·¸ùàÊÔ´£¬Ô¶ÔÚ¹«ÔªÇ°3ÊÀ¼ÍµÄ¡¶ÒÁË÷Ô¢ÑÔ¡·ÖоÍÓÐÕâ¸ö¹ÊÊ£¬²»¹ýûÓÐÌâÄ¿¡£
cat's paw³£ÓÃÀ´±ÈÓ÷a person used as a tool by another;one who is used merely for the convenience of a cleverer or stronger personÖ®Òâ¡£°´ÆäÄÚº­£¬Õâ¸ö³ÉÓïÓ뺺Óï³ÉÓΪ»¢×÷Øö¡±Ëù±ÈÓ÷µÄÒâÒåÏàËÆ£¬½öÊǶ¯ÎïµÄÐÎÏó²»Í¬
cat's paw³ýÁ˵¥¶À×ö¸´ºÏÃû´ÊʹÓÃÍ⣬»¹¹¹³Éto make a cat's paw of sb£¨ÀûÓÃijÈË×öΪ¹¤¾ß»òצÑÀ£©
eg:It is easy for him to be used as a cat's paw of evil-doing.
I am afraid that he is making a cat's paw of you.
6.Pull the chestnuts out of the fire»ðÖÐÈ¡Àõ£»Ìæ±ðÈËðÏÕ
Pull the chestnuts out of the fireÀ´×Ô·¨¹úÖøÃûµÄÔ¢ÑÔ×÷¼ÒÀ­¡¤·âµ¤µÄ¡¶ºï×ÓÓëè¡·¡£
cat's pawÓëPull the chestnuts out of the fireÊÇͬԴ³ÉÓµ«Á½¸ö³ÉÓïÎÞÂÛÔڽṹÉÏ»òÒâÒåÉ϶¼²»Ïàͬ£¬Ç°Õß±ÈÓ÷³äµ±±ðÈ˵Ť¾ß»òצÑÀ£¬ºóÕß³£ÓÃÀ´±íʾto do sth dangerous for othersµÄÒâ˼¡£
Õâ¸ö³ÉÓïÒ²×÷to pull sb's chestnuts,»òÕßto put the chestnuts for sb.
eg:I had pulled the chestnuts out of the fire for him on several occasions and was unwilling to do it again.
They are pulling chestnuts out of the fire for the imperialists without knowing it
You can't make me your catspaw to pull your chestnuts out of the fire...
7. attic saltÓÅÑŵÄÇÎÆ¤»°£»ÃîÓï
attic saltµÄ×ÖÃæÒâ˼ÊÇ¡°°¢ÌῨµÄÑΡ±¡£°¢ÌῨÖÞ(attica)ÊÇÏ£À°¶«Äϲ¿µÄÒ»¸öÖÝ£¬ÆäÊ׸®ÊÇÑŵ䡣°¢ÌῨÖÝÊǸö°ëµº£¬¹¤ÉÌÒµ·¢´ï£¬ÌرðÊ¢²úº£ÑΣ¬Ïà´«£¬°¢ÌῨÖݵÄÑαÈÏ£À°ÆäËûµØ·½³ö²úµÄÑξ«Ï¸ÓÐ棬ÉîÊÜ»¶Ó­¡£°¢ÌῨÈË»úÖÇ·çȤ£¬ÉÆÓÚ˵ÇÎÆ¤»°£¬ÒÔÓÄÑŵÄÚ¶Ð³Öø³ÆÓÚÊÀ¡£
Õâ¸ö³ÉÓï³ö×Ô¹ÅÂÞÂíÖøÃûµÄ×÷¼ÒºÍÑÝ˵¼ÒÎ÷ÈûÂÞ £¨Marcus Tullius Cicero,¹«ÔªÇ°106-ǰ43£©¡£ËûµÄÂÛÎĺÍÑݽ²´Ê£¬¶¼ÊÇÎÄÌåºÍ±ê×¼À­¶¡ÓïµÄµä·¶£¬ÔÚÆä×÷Æ·ÖÐÂÛÊöÁ˹ÅÏ£À°È˾«ÐÄÑо¿µÄÐÛ±çÊõÀíÂÛ£¬ÌرðÌáµ½ÒԿڳݷæÀûÖø³ÆµÄ°¢ÌῨÈË¡£¹«ÔªÇ°55Ä꣬Î÷ÈûÂÞÒÔÎÄÒÕ¶Ô»°ÐÎʽдµÄÖ÷ÒªÖø×÷¡¶±çÂÛ¡·(De oratore)£¬Ì½ÌÖÁËÑݽ²ÒÕÊõÖеÄڶгÎÊÌâ¡£Ëû˵£¬ÃîÓïÓ¦µ±º¬ÓС°ÑÎζ¡±£¬Ïó¡°°¢ÌῨµÄÑΡ±ÄÇÑùÓÐζ¡£
ÔÚÏÖÔÚÓ¢ÓïÖУ¬saltÒ»´Êº¬ÓС°·çȤ¡±£¬¡°ÐËζ¡±µÈתÒå¡£³ÉÓïattic salt³£ÓÃÀ´±íʾpoignant delicate wit;wit of a refined quality¡£Òò´ËÒ²¿Éдattic wit.
eg: Yesterday Mrs Williams gave a talk to the Women's Institute on her travels in Asia.It was full of Attic Salt.
A talk full of attic salt is worth listening to.
They are in the habit of speaking with attic wit.

8.one's pound of flesh²Ð¿áեȡ£»¸îÈ⻹ծ
ÏàÐÅ´ó¼Ò¶¼¿´¹ýɯʿ±ÈÑǵġ¶ÍþÄá˹ÉÌÈË¡·¡£ÕâÀï¾Í²»¼ÓÒÔ½éÉÜ¡£one's pound of flesh±ÈÓ÷to insist cruelly on repayment of what was borrowed£¬³£ÓÃÔÚhave,demand,exact,want,ask for µÈÖ®ºó¡£
eg:If you borrow from the scoundredl,you may be sure he'll demand hhis pound of flesh.
Their boss pays the highest wages,but he wants his pound of flesh in return and makes them work very hard.
9.john bull(s)Ô¼º²Å££»Ó¢¹úÀÐ
¡°Ô¼º²Å£¡±ÊÇÓ¢¹úÈ˵Ĵºţ¬ÒâÒåÊÇenglish nation,the typical englishmen.Õâ¸öÑźÅÊÇÓ¢¹úÈË×Ô¼ºÈ¡µÄ£¬³ö×Ô16ÊÀ¼ÍÓ¢¹úÖøÃû×÷¼Ò¼æ¹¬Í¢ÓùÒ½Ô¼º²¡¤°¢²¼Ë¹ÅµÌØ(John Arbuthnot,1667--1735)µÄÕþÖηí´Ì×÷Æ·¡£
°¢²¼Ë¹ÅµÌØÔÚ1712ÄêдÁËÒ»±¾·í´ÌС˵£¬Ãû½Ð¡¶Ô¼º²Å£µÄÉúƽ¡·(The History of John Bull)£¬¸ÃÊéµÄÖ÷È˹«Ô¼º²Å£¾ÍÊÇÓ¢¹úµÄÈ˸ñ»¯¡¢ÐÎÏ󻯡£
×÷Õß±ÊϵÄÔ¼º²Å££¬ÊǸöÓ¢¹ú¡°×ÔÓÉÃñ¡±£¬ÎªÈË´Ö±©Àä¿á£¬èîæñ²»Ñ·£¬ÆÄÓÐЩţ¾¢¡£ËûÊ¢ÆøÁèÈË¡¢ÆÛÈèÈõÕߣ¬Èç¹ûË­Á÷¶³ö¶ÔËûÉÔ΢±íʾ²»ÂúµÄ·´¿¹ÇéÐ÷£¬ËûÁ¢¼´°Ú³öÒ»¸±¸ñ¶·µÄ¼ÜÊÆ¡£×÷Õßͨ¹ýÕâ¸öôñôñÎä·òµÄÐÎÏ󣬰µÓ÷µ±ÄêÓ¢¹úµÄרºá°Ïì裬Åê»÷¡°ÃñȨµ³¡±£¨Ó¢¹ú×ÔÓɵ³µÄǰÉí£©µÄºÃÕ½²ßÂÔ¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬Õâ¸ö´ÂºÅ×î³õº¬±á³âÉ«²Ê¡£
Õâ¸öÐÎÏóµÄ³öÏÖ£¬¾ø·Ç×÷Õ߯¾¿ÕÄóÔ죬¶øÊÇÓ뵱ʱӢ¹úµÄÉç»á¾­¼Ã×´¿ö½ôÃÜÏàÁ¬¡£ÔÚÓ¢¹ú×ʲú½×¼¶¸ïÃüʤÀûºóµÄ17ÊÀ¼Í£¬Ó¢¹úë·Ä¹¤ÒµÑ¸ËÙ·¢Õ¹£¬×ʱ¾µÄԭʼ»ýÀÛ²»¶ÏÀ©´ó£¬×ʲú½×¼¶ÕþȨ¶ÔÄÚʵÐС°È¦µØÔ˶¯¡°£¬¶ÔÍâʵÐÐÖ³ÃñµØµÄÂÓ¶áÕþ²ß£¬ÒÔ±ã»ýÀÛ´óÁ¿µÄ¹¤Òµ×ʱ¾¡£¡°Ô¼º²Å£¡±µÄÐÎÏóÕýÊÇÕâ¸öʱÆÚÓ¢¹úµÄÌåÏÖÕâ¡£
John BullÕâ¸öÆÄ¹ÅµÄµä¹Ê³ÉÓ19ÊÀ¼Í µÄÖøÃû×÷¼ÒµÒ¸ü˹(Charles Dickens,1812--1870)¾ÍÔøÒýÓùý¡£Ëæ×Åʱ¼äµÄÍÆÒÆ£¬¡°Ô¼º²Å£¡±µÄÐÎÏó·¢ÉúÁËÄÍÈËѰζµÄ±ä»¯£¬ÓÉ×î³õÄǸöÉíÇ¿Á¦×³¡¢ÂúÁ³ºáÈâµÄÖÐÄê´¬³¤ÏëÏ󣬱ä³ÉÁËÒ»¸öÄê¹ý°ë°Ù¡¢Îå¶ÌÉí²ÄµÄ°«ÅÖ×Ó¡£ÓÚÊÇÂþ»­ÉϳöÏֵġ±Ô¼º²Å£¡°£¬ÊǸöÍ·´÷¿í±ßÀññ£¬×ãµÅ·­¿ÚƤЬ£¬Éí´©ÇÑ¿ËÉÀµÄÉðÊ¿ÃþÑù¡£µ±ÄêÄÇÖÖÉ±ÆøëøëøµÄÆø¸ÅÊÕÁ²²»ÉÙ£¬ÆäÔ­À´µÄ±áÒåËÆºõ±ä³ÉÁ˰ýÒå¡£¡±Ô¼º²Å£¡°Öð½¥±ä³ÉÁËһλ±¥¾­Ê¹ʵÄʵ¸É¼ÒÐÎÏó£¬ËûµÄÐÐΪ³ÉÁËÓ¢¹úµÄÈ˵ıê×¼ÐÐΪ¡£ÕâÑùÒ»À´£¬john bullÕâ¸ö³ÉÓï¾Í³ÉÁËÓ¢¹úÈË»òÕßÓ¢¹úµÄ´úÃû´ÊÁË£»¶øÓëÖ®Ïà¹ØµÄjohn bullism ¾ÍÖ¸¡±Ó¢¹ú¾«Éñ¡°¡±Ó¢¹úÏ°Æø¡°»ò¡±Ó¢¹úµÄµäÐÍÐÔ¸ñ¡°£¬john bullistÔò³£Ö¸¡±Ó¢¹úÃÔ¡°
eg:By some he is called..."a thoroughbred englishman",by some,"a genuine john bull"...
John bulls belong to the white race.
10.Grin like a cheshire catßÖ×ìɵЦ£»Â¶³ÝæÒЦ
Grin like a cheshire cat×ÖÃæÒâ˼ÊÇ¡°Ïó²ñ¿¤Ã¨ÄÇÑùßÖ¿ª×ìЦ¡±£¬Õâ¸ö³ÉÓïÒ²¿Éд³É to wear/have a grin like a Cheshire cat,»òto smile like a Cheshire cat¡£¹ØÓÚÕâ¸ö³ÉÓïÓÐ2ÖÖ˵·¨
CheshireÊÇÓ¢¸ñÀ¼Î÷²¿µÄÒ»¿¤£¬µ±µØ³ö²úÒ»ÖÖÆÄÓÐÌØÉ«µÄ¸ÉÀÒ£¬½Ð¡°²ñ¿¤¸ÉÀÒ¡±(Cheshire cheese),Ôø¾­Ò»¶È×÷³ÉÏóЦÁ³Ã¨µÄÐÎ×´¡£ÁíÒ»ÖÖ˵·¨ÊÇ£º²ñ¿¤ÓÐλ»­¼Ò£¬Ëû¸øµ±µØÂùݻ滭µÄÕÐÅÆÉÏ£¬¶¼»­ÁËÒ»Ö»ßÖ×Å×ìЦµÄʨ×Ó¡£
°¬Àï¿Ë¡¤ÅÁÌØÀïÆæÏÈÉú(Mr. Eric Partridge)ÈÏΪ£¬Õâ¸ö³ÉÓï´óÔ¼´Ó1770Ä꿪ʼ¾Í×÷Ϊ±áÒå´ÊʹÓá£Ó¢¹ú¡¶ÀÊÂüÓ¢¹ú³ÉÓï´Êµä¡·µÈ´ÇÊ飬ÈÏΪÕâ¸ö³ÉÓïÔ´×Ôά¶àÀûÑÇÅ®Íõʱ´ú£¨1835--1901£©£¬Ó¢¹úÊýѧ¼ÒºÍͯ»°×÷¼ÒÁõÒ×˹¡¤¿¨Âå¶û(Lewis Carroll,1832--1898)ÔÚËûËùдµÄͯ»°¡¶°¢Àö˼ÂþÓÎÆæ¾³¼Ç¡·(Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)ÖÐÏêϸµÄÃèÊöÁ˹«¾ô·òÈ˼ÒÖеÄÒ»Ö»²ñ¿¤Ã¨¡£¡¶°¢Àö˼ÂþÓÎÆæ¾³¼Ç¡·µÚ6ÕÂÓжÎÕâÑùµÄ¶Ô»°£º
"Please,would you tell me,"said Alice a little limidly..."why your cat grins like that?"
"It's a Cheshire cat,"said the Duchess,"and that's why."
¿¨Âå¶ûµÄͯ»°£¬Í¨¹ýÐé»ÃÀëÆæµÄÇé½Ú£¬³°·íÁË19ÊÀ¼Íºó°ëÆÚÓ¢¹úµÄÉç»áÏÖÏ󡣡¶°¢Àö˼ÂþÓÎÆæ¾³¼Ç¡·ÔÚ1865Äê7ÔÂÎÊÊÀºó£¬ºä¶¯ÁËȫӢ¹ú¡£×÷ÕßÓÉ´ËÒ»¾Ù³ÉÃû¡£¡°²ñ¿¤Ã¨¡±µÄÉú¶¯ÏëÏó£¬ÊÇ·ñËûËù´´Ô죬ÓдýÓÚ½øÒ»²½¿¼Ö¤£¬µ«to grin like a Cheshire catÊÇËæ×ŸÃÊéµÄ·çÐжø±»¹ã·ºÊ¹Óã¬Ó¦ÎÞÒÉÒå¡£¸ù¾ÝÊéÖеÄÃèÊö£¬Õâ¸ö³ÉÓï³£ÓÃÀ´±íʾto grin broadly,showing great amusement; to laugh at nothing that is amusing;to smile widely,in such a way that on shows all one's teeth.
egoor little Hans only grinned like a Cheshire cat when he was scolded.
Mamma is smiling with all her might.In fact Mr. Newcome says..."that woman grins like a Cheshire cat."Who was the naturalist of the cats in Cheshire?
It is no good smiling at me like a Cheshire cat,Mr.Lubin.
11.A storm in a Teacup±­Ë®·ç²¨£»Ð¡Ìâ´ó×ö£»´ó¾ªÐ¡¹Ö
A storm in a Teacup×ÖÃæÒâ˼¡°²è±­ÀïµÄ·ç±©¡±£»ÃÀ¹úÓ¢ÓïΪ¡°a tempest in a teapot/barrel¡±£¬Ò²×÷tea-pot tempest.
A storm in a Teacup³ö×Ô·¨¹úÖøÃû×÷¼Ò°Í¶ûÔú¿Ë(Honore de Balzac,1799-1850)¼ÇÊö£¬Õâ¾ä»°³ö×Ô18ÊÀ¼Í·¨¹úÕÜѧ¼ÒºÍ˼Ïë¼ÒÃϵÂ˹ð¯µÄÃûÑÔ¡£ÓÐÒ»´Î£¬ËûÌý˵ʥÂíÁ¦Åµ·¢ÉúÁËÕþÖζ¯ÂÒ£¬¾ÍÓᰲ豭ÀïµÄ·ç±©¡±À´ÆÀÂÛ¡£ÒòΪʥÂíÁ¦ÅµÊÇÅ·ÖÞ×îСµÄ¹²ºÍ¹ú£¬Ö»ÓÐÒ»ÍòÈ˿ڣ¬ÃϵÂ˹ð¯ÈÏΪÄÇÀïµÄ¶¯ÂÒ¶ÔÕû¸öÅ·ÖÞ¾ÖÊÆÎÞ×ãÇáÖØ¡£
̽ԴÞ÷Á÷£¬Ô¶ÔÚ¹«ÔªÇ°¹ÅÏ£À°ÁËÂÞÂíµÄÃûÈËÖø×÷ÖоÍÓйýÀàËÆµÄÐÎÏó±ÈÓ÷¡£Èç¹ÅÂÞÂíÖøÃû×÷¼ÒºÍÑÝ˵¼ÒÎ÷ÈûÂÞ(Cicero)ÔÚÆäÖø×÷¡¶ÂÛ·¨ÂÉ¡·ÖоÍÓÐÕâÑùµÄ»°£ºexcitare fluctus in simpulo,Òâ¼´to stir up waves in a ladle¡£´ËÍ⣬»¹ÓÐa storm in a cream-bowl;a storm in a wash-hand basinµÈ˵·¨¡£¾¡¹ÜËüÃDZÈÓ÷µÄÐÎÏó²»Í¬£¬µ«¶¼ÊÇÓÃÀ´±íʾmuch excitement about something trivial;a lot of fuss about a trifleÖ®Òâ¡£°´Æä±ÈÓ÷ÒâÒ壬Ï൱Ó롰СÌâ´ó×ö¡±´ó¾ªÐ¡¹Ö¡£
The people next door are continually quarreling ,but it is usually a storm in a teacup.
What is it all about?Nothing serious,just a tempest in a teapot.
12. a tower of ivory »òan ivory towerÏóÑÀÖ®Ëþ£»ÊÀÍâÌÒÔ´
a tower of ivory³£ÓÃÀ´±ÈÓ÷Ò»ÖÖÓëÊÀ¸ô¾øµÄÃλþ³µØ£¬¼´the place of seclusion or retreat from realisties of life.
She lives in a tower of ivory apart from her friends.
They view college as an ivory tower.
13.have an axe to grind±ðÓÐÓÃÐÄ£»ÁíÓÐÆóͼ£»»³ÓÐ˽ÐÄ
have an axe to grindÊǸöÔ´×ÔÃÀ¹úµÄ³ÉÓ×ÖÃæÒâ˼ÊÇ¡°Èø«Í·Ä¥Ò»Ä¥¡±£¬Ô¢ÒâÊÇto have private interests to serve;to have sth to gain for oneself;to have a selfish reasonµÈÖ®Òâ¡£
¾ÝÓ¢¹ú¡¶ÀÊÂüÓ¢¹ú³ÉÓï´Êµä¡·µÈ¼ÇÊö¡£Õâ¸ö³ÉÓï³ö×ÔÃÀ¹úÖøÃûµÄÕþÖμҡ¢¿ÆÑ§¼Ò±¾½ÜÃ÷¡¤¸»À¼¿ËÁÖ(Benjamin Franklin,1706--1790)ËùдµÄÒ»Ôò¹ÊÊ¡£¸»À¼¿ËÁÖÓ×Äêʱ£¬ÔÚÔº×ÓÀïÓöµ½Ò»¸ö´øÓи«Í·µÄİÉúÈË£¬ÄÇÈ˳ÆÔÞÔº×ÓÀïÄǸöĥʯ(grindstone)ºÜºÃ£¬Ïë¿´¿´ËüºÃ²»ºÃʹ£¬±ã»¨ÑÔÇÉÓïµÄÈÃËûת¶¯Ä¥Ê¯£¬¶øÄÇÈ˾ÍÔÚÉÏÃæÄ¥Àû×Ô¼ºµÄ¸«Í·¡£
¾Ý¡°ÃÀ¹úÖ®Òô¡±Ó¢Óï¹ã²¥½ÚÄ¿¡¶´Ê»ãÕÆ¹Ê¡·Ëµ£¬Õâ¸ö³ÉÓï³ö×Ô1810ÄêÃÀ¹ú±öϦ·¨ÄáÑÇ(Pennsylvania)Ò»¼Ò±¨Ö½ÉÏÊ״ο¯µÇµÄÒ»Ôò¹ÊÊ¡£¹ÊÊÂ˵µÄÊÇÓиöİÉúÈËÊÖ³ÖÒ»°Ñ¸«Í·£¬ÏëÕÒĥʯÀ´Ä¥ÀûËûµÄ¸«Í·¡£ËûÔÚ½ÖÉÏÓöµ½Ò»¸öÄк¢£¬¾ÍÎʵÀ£º¡°ºÃº¢×Ó£¬Äã°Ö°ÖÓÐĥʯÂ𣿡±ÄÇÄк¢¾Í´øËûµ½¼ÒÀïÀ´£¬°ïËûת¶¯Ä¥Ê¯Ä¥¸«Í·¡£Õâ¶ÔÒ»¸öº¢×ÓÀ´ËµÊǼþ¼è¿àµÄ»î£¬Äк¢°ÑÊÖ¶¼Ä¥ÆÆÁË£¬ÀÛ¸ö°ëËÀ²Å°Ñ¸«Í·Ä¥µÃÉÁÉÁ·¢¹â¡£ÄǸöÈ˼ûÄ¿µÄ´ïµ½£¬²»½öûÏòСº¢µÀл£¬·´¶ø½Ìѵº¢×Ó¿ìµãÈ¥ÉÏѧ£¬ÒÔÃâ³Ùµ½.
2¸ö³öµäʵÖÊÉϽ²µÄÊÇͬһ¼þÊ¡£¸»À¼¿ËÁÖ×÷Ϊһλ½Ü³öµÄ×ʲú½×¼¶¸ïÃü¼Ò£¬µ£ÈεÄ×îºóÒ»Ïְ¾ÍÊDZöϦ·¨ÄáÑÇÖÝ·ÏūίԱ»á»á³¤£¬Îª·Ï³ýÅ«Á¥Öƶø±¼Ã¦£¬Ö±µ½ÉúÃüµÄ×îºóһϢ¡£±öϦ·¨ÄáÑÇÖÝÒ»¼Ò±¨Ö½ÔÚ¸»À¼¿ËÁÖÊÅÊÀ20ÖÜÄê·¢±íÄÇÆªÐ¡¹ÊÊ£¬Ó¦¸Ã¾ÍÊÇËûÉúǰËù½²µÄ¹ÊÊ¡£Õâ¸ö¹ÊʵÄÔ¢ÒâºÜÇå³þ£º¡°³Ö¸«´ýÄ¥Õß¡±Óù§Î¬µÄ»°À´´ïµ½¸öÈËÄ¿µÄ£¬ÈËÃDz»ÒªÉϵ±ÊÜÆ­¡£
He may offer you a post in his firm,but he has an axe to grind, he wants to stand well with your father.
His interest in our venture cannot be sincere,because i knew he has an axe to grind.
In the first place,let me assure you,gentlemen,that i have not an axe to grind
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