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liafangfan木虫 (小有名气)
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[求助]
求论文的翻译，希望能在本周内翻译完。非常感谢。
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PW-B was a highly heterogeneous produced water sample, and had a high particulate content. These particleswere probably precipitated high molecular weight hydrocarbons, as they were observed to dissolve easily in hexane. The COD of this feed wasmeasured to be 2310 ppm. The conductivity of this sample was much lower than PW-A, equivalent to 440 ppm total dissolved solids (TDS). This is a value acceptable even for drinking water (27), so salt removal would probably not be necessary. In the filtration of PW-B by the two UF membranes studied,CODretentionwasmeasured to be 98.3%and 99.4% for PAN/PAN-g-PEO blend and control membranes, respectively. The retentions based on absorbance at different wavelengths were also comparable for the two membranes (Table 2). Solutes that absorbed visible light were found to be removed completely, within instrument sensitivity, as indicated by the fact that the filtrate appeared completely clear (see inset in Figure 2). The retention at 350 nm was 99.8%, indicating polycyclic PAHs were removed essentially completely. The retention at 250 nm, where BTEX, phenols and PAHs absorb, was still 98.6%. The conductivities of the feed and permeates were approximately equal, indicating that theUFmembranes do not retain salts, as expected from their pore size. The UF permeate quality in this case was quite high. The effluent COD value corresponds to a total organic carbon (TOC) between 11 and 15 ppmfor the PAN/PAN-g-PEOblend membrane, and 4 5 ppmfor the Sepro PAN-400membrane (31). Even if all of this organic carbon were hydrocarbons, the O&G content of the effluent would still fall below the limit of 48mg/L set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (9). The conductivitywas high but still in the acceptable range even for drinking water use (27). Depending on the concentrations of toxic components such as phenols, and the presence of heavy metals in this permeate, it might be possible to discharge this effluent safely. If there were toxic organicmolecules such as phenols andBTEXin the permeate, these components could be removed by adsorptionmethods while preventing the loss of adsorbent activity due to the presence of oil (32). In short,UF is a very promising treatment method for this sample of produced water, as long as membrane flux can be maintained at a level that justifies it economically. |
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287685166
金虫 (正式写手)
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Mally89(金币+1): 欢迎常来！~ 2011-05-12 19:19:29
liafangfan(金币+70, 翻译EPI+1): 非常感谢 2011-05-12 19:51:30
Mally89(金币+1): 欢迎常来！~ 2011-05-12 19:19:29
liafangfan(金币+70, 翻译EPI+1): 非常感谢 2011-05-12 19:51:30
| PW-B是由高度不均匀的废水样本,有较高的微粒含量。由于这些粉末能够轻易地溶解于环己烷，因此它们可能是沉淀的高分子量的碳氢化合物。测得该废水的COD值为 2310 ppm。 该样品的导电性比PW-A低得多,相当于440 ppm溶解固体总量(TDS)。这个值甚至在饮用水的可能接受范围内,所以可能不需要去除盐。在使用两种超滤膜对ＰW-Ｂ进行过滤的研究中,PAN/PAN-g-PEO混合物与控制膜的 COD 截留率分别为98.3%和99.4%。 根据不同波长的吸光率对两种类型的膜作出比较（表二），我们发现在仪器敏感度范围内，滤液完全澄清（见图二的插图），证明能够吸收可光的溶质已经被完全去除。在350nm处的截留率为99.8%，表明多环 PAHs 已经基本去除。BTEX 的截留率在250nm,酚类和多环芳烃等吸收,还为98.6%。滤过前后的电导率大致相等的,从它们的孔径大小判断它们不能保留盐。渗透效果在这个例子中是相当好的。对于PAN/PAN-g-PEO混合物膜，COD的流出值对应11到15ppm范围内的总有机碳(TOC)，而对于Sepro PAN-400 膜，该值为4.5 ppm(31)。 即使所有的有机碳含量都为碳氢化合物,该水样的O&G含量仍低于环境保护署(EPA)所设定的48mg / L（9)。虽然电导率很高，但仍在饮用水可接受的范围之内(27)。根据有毒成分如酚类的浓度和过滤中重金属含量,该废水可以安全排放。如果在过滤中存在有毒的有机分子如酚类、BTE，应该用吸附的方法除去，在吸附过程中要防止由于油导致的吸附剂失活。简而言之,只要能证明使用微膜过滤是经济的，超滤是一种非常有前途的废水处理方法。 |
2楼2011-05-12 13:50:09
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