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tianyalu木虫 (著名写手)
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Soft Matter Science and Engineering: The next Step for Polymer Researches 程先生来应化所作报告,整个会议室都挤的没了座位,还有人站着听.不愧是大牛啊 让我记忆最深的一句话:一个学科的发展前途要具备:1.包容性 2.前瞻性 .他先讲了人类50年之后面临的十个严峻问题: 1.WATER 2.FOOD 3.ENVIRONMENT 4.POVERTY 5.TERRORISM & WAR 6.DISEASE 7.EDUCATION 8.DEMOCRACY 9.POPULATION 10.ENERGY 然后讲了现在的东西: New science: - Towards single molecules (1-, 2-, 3-D small spaces); - Soft structures and phase transitions; - Non-equilibrium phenomena in different dimensions; - Functional responses and properties in different dimensions; All of these aspect are associated with materials designs. New engineering: - Using macroscopic objects of different shapes and chemical surface functionalities to self-organize into 2D and 3D structures (> 1 m); - Design monomers to form building blocks (< 5 - 10 nm) and self- assemble into supra-structures (bottom-up); - Fabrication involves lithographic patterning. No assembly step is needed (> 30 nm) (top-down); The key is how to convert the laboratory process to commercial fabrication in macroscopic scale. 在新千年我们该做什么? Biomaterials and Molecular Biology Energy generation, transmission and storage Electronics and Photonics Environmental Science and Engineering Innovative Fabrication of Products 什么是软物质科学? The hierarchical building blocks of soft matter are almost all in organic or organic/inorganic nature; - Complicated architectures, anisotropic shapes, and they are bound by weak interactions; - Considering phase transitions, in most of the cases, entropy, rather than enthalpy, needs to be first accounted for; - Some of soft matter possess intermediate orders in their structures, leading to new descriptions random media using scaling laws, and new transition behaviors; - Many soft matter are not in equilibrium. One example is biological matters in-vivo. Their dynamics i.e., transport properties, are thus important; - Structures, dynamics and transitions in low dimensions … in single molecules |
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