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½µµÍ¸ß´¿½ðÊôïÓÖÐÔÓÖÊZnºÍFeµÄ¹¤ÒÕ̽Ë÷ Title: Process investigation on lowering Zn and Fe in high purity Cd ÕªÒª ±¾È˽éÉÜÁ˸ߴ¿½ðÊôµÄ¶¨Òå¡¢ÐÔÖʺÍÓÃ;ÒÔ¼°ÖƱ¸·½·¨£¬×ÛÊöÁ˸ߴ¿ïÓµÄÉú²ú·½·¨£¬¶Ô¹¤ÒµïÓÕæ¿ÕÕôÁóÌá´¿ºÍÖ±ÀÌá´¿½øÐÐÁ˼ÆËãÓë·ÖÎö£¬¶Ô¹¤ÒµïÓµÄÕæ¿ÕÕôÁóºÍÖ±ÀÌá´¿½øÐÐÁËÊÔÑéÑо¿£¬Ìá³öÁËÒ»¸öȫеÄÌáÈ¡¸ß´¿ïӵŤÒÕÁ÷³Ì¡£ Abstract: In this article, the definition, preparation, properties and applications of high purity metal were introduced, manufacturing methods of high purity Cadmium (Cd) were overviewed, not only theoretical calculation and analysis but also experimental study was performed to investigate vacuum distillation and Czochralski purification of industrial Cadmium, and a new process was proposed to obtain high purity Cadmium. ͨ¹ý¶Ô¹¤ÒµïÓÕæ¿ÕÕôÁóµÄÈÈÁ¦Ñ§·ÖÎö±íÃ÷£¬¸ù¾Ý·ÖÀëϵÊýµÄ´óС£¬¹¤ÒµïÓÖеÄÔÓÖÊÔªËØ¿É·ÖΪÁ½Àࣺ·ÖÀëϵÊý¦Â<1µÄPb¡¢Ni¡¢Cu¡¢Fe¡¢Sn¡¢Ti£¬·ÖÀëϵÊýÔÚ1¸½½üµÄAsºÍZn¡£ÓÃÕæ¿ÕÕôÁóµÄ·½·¨Äܹ»±È½Ï³¹µ×µÄ³öÈ¥¹¤ÒµïÓÖеÄPb¡¢Ni¡¢Cu¡¢Fe¡¢Sn¡¢Ti£¬¶øAsºÍZnµÄ·ÖÀëÔò±È½ÏÀ§ÄÑ£»ÎªÊ¹¹¤ÒµïÓÖеÄÔÓÖÊÔÚÕæ¿ÕÕôÁóʱÓëïӺܺ÷ÖÀ룬Ӧ²ÉÓÃÁ¬Ðø×÷ÒµµÄ±Õʽ¶à¼¶Õæ¿ÕÕôÁó¡£ According to the thermodynamic analysis of the vacuum distillation process of industrial Cd, the impurity elements in industrial Cd can be divided into two categories based on their separation constants (¦Â): Pb, Ni, Cu, Fe, Sn and Ti (¦Â<1) and As, Zn (¦Â¡Ö1). Thus, Pb, Ni, Cu, Fe, Sn and Ti can be almost completely removed from industrial Cd via vacuum distillation while the separation of As and Zn by vacuum distillation seems relatively difficult. In order to efficiently remove imputities from industrial Cd during vacuum distillation, continuous operation of closed multistage vacuum distillation should be adopted. ÔÚ673¡«723KµÄζȷ¶Î§ÄÚ£¬¶Ô¹¤ÒµïÓÕæ¿ÕÕôÁóµÄ¶¯Á¦Ñ§½øÐÐÁËÑо¿£¬ÔÚ´Ëζȷ¶Î§ÄÚ£¬Î¶ÈÉý¸ß50K£¬ïÓµÄ×î´óÕôÁóËÙ¶ÈÆ½¾ùÔö´óÔ¼3.5±¶¡£ïÓÕæ¿ÕÕôÁó¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÕôÁóËÙ¶ÈËæÑ¹Ç¿µÄ½µµÍ¶øÔö´ó£¬µ«µ±Ñ¹Ç¿½µµÍµ½ÁÙ½çѹǿÒÔϺó£¬ÕôÁóËٶȲ»ÔÙËæÑ¹Ç¿µÄ½µµÍ¶ø±ä»¯¶øÊDZ£³ÖÒ»¶¨Öµ¡£ The kinetics of vacuum distillation of industrial Cd was investigated in the temperature range of 673¡«723 K. The maximum distillation rate of Cd increased near 3.5-fold in average with a temperature elevation of 50 K. The distillation rate of Cd increased with the decrease of pressure during vacuum distillation but kept fixed irrespective to pressure when the pressure is lower than the critical pressure. ͨ¹ý¶ÔïÓµÄÖ±ÀÌá´¿ÊÔÑéÑо¿£¬µÃ³öÁËÖ±ÀÈȳ¡¡¢ÌáÀËÙ¶È¡¢¾§ÖáתËÙºÍÛá¹ø×ªËÙ¶ÔÌᴿЧ¹ûµÄÓ°Ïì¡£ The Czochralski purification experiment provided insights into the effect of thermal field, pulling speed, rotating speed of crystal axis and rotating speed of crucible on purification. ͨ¹ýÒÔÉÏÑо¿£¬µÃ³öÁËÒÔ¹¤ÒµïÓΪÔÁÏ£¬Í¨¹ýÕæ¿ÕÕôÁóÌá´¿¡¢Ö±ÀÌá´¿µÄ¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌÖÆÈ¡¸ß´¿½ðÊôïӵŤÒÕÁ÷³Ì£¬¸Ã¹¤ÒÕ¶Ô½µµÍ¸ß´¿ïÓµÄÉú²ú³É±¾ºÍ»·¾³±£»¤·½Ãæ¾ßÓÐÖØÒªÒâÒå¡£ Based on the abovementioned comprehensive investigation, a technological process to manufacture high purity Cd from industrial Cd by integration of vacuum distillation and Czochralski method was proposed, and this process was believed to have important implications for lowering the production cost of high purity Cd and for environmental protection. ¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º¸ß´¿½ðÊô£¬ïÓ£¬Õæ¿ÕÕôÁó£¬Ö±ÀÌá´¿ Keywords: high purity metal; Cadmium; vacuum distillation; Czochralski method |
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