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Nature Contents 17 August 2006 (Vol. 442 pp719-846)
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---------------------- NEWS AND VIEWS ---------------------- Quantum physics: A spin solo Quantum computers could solve problems insurmountable to conventional computers. The missing ingredient for quantum computing with electron spins is now available -- the rotation of a single spin. Guido Burkard 10.1038/442749a http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7104/full/442749a.html Genomics: Predictable packaging Nuclear factors must access specific sites within genomic DNA to function, yet the DNA is bundled up into many nucleosomes. Is the DNA sequence sufficiently informative to predict where each nucleosome will be? Timothy J. Richmond 10.1038/442750a http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7104/full/442750a.html 50 & 100 years ago 10.1038/442751a http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7104/full/442751a.html Solid-state physics: Resistance is futile With the right combination of microwave radiation and magnetic field, two-dimensional electron systems conduct electricity with zero resistance. But is this zero really zero, or is it negative resistance in disguise? Adam C. Durst 10.1038/442752a http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7104/full/442752a.html Astronomy: Young spirals get older These days, galaxies come in very different shapes and sizes. Cutting-edge technologies allow a detailed peek at how things looked in the Universe's early days -- 'the same, but different' is the tentative message. Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr 10.1038/442753a http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7104/full/442753a.html Cancer biology: A game of subversion Just as stem cells are crucial for tissue development and regeneration, cancer stem cells underlie tumour formation and maintenance. But do cancer stem cells invariably arise from normal stem cells? Emmanuelle Passegue 10.1038/442754a http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7104/full/442754a.html Obituary: George W. Wetherill (1925-2006) Geochemist, planetary scientist and astrobiologist. Alan P. Boss 10.1038/442756a http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7104/full/442756a.html ---------------------- BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS ---------------------- Silent spread of H5N1 in vaccinated poultry A chink in the protection of a caged flock can dramatically increase the chances of a flu outbreak. Nicholas J. Savill, Suzanne G. St Rose, Matthew J. Keeling and Mark E. J. Woolhouse 10.1038/442757a Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7104/abs/442757a. html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7104/full/442757a. html BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS ARISING Cell biology: Nondisjunction, aneuploidy and tetraploidy Beth A. A. Weaver, Alain D. Silk and Don W. Cleveland 10.1038/nature05139 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature05139.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05139.html Cell biology: Nondisjunction, aneuploidy and tetraploidy (Reply) Qinghua Shi and Randall W. King 10.1038/nature05140 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature05140.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05140.html ---------------------- REVIEW ---------------------- Multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials W. Eerenstein, N. D. Mathur and J. F. Scott 10.1038/nature05023 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature05023.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05023.html ---------------------- ARTICLES ---------------------- Driven coherent oscillations of a single electron spin in a quantum dot F. H. L. Koppens et al. 10.1038/nature05065 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature05065.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05065.html A genomic code for nucleosome positioning A combined computational and experimental approach is used to determine the DNA sequence preferences of nucleosomes and predict genome-wide nucleosome organization. The yeast genome encodes an intrinsic nucleosome organization, which can explain about 50% of in vivo nucleosome positions. Eran Segal et al. 10.1038/nature04979 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04979.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04979.html PML inhibits HIF-1¦Á translation and neoangiogenesis through repression of mTOR The tumour suppressor gene PML is shown to normally restrain angiogenesis, both in tumours and under ischaemic conditions. This involves a new pathway in which during hypoxia, PML regulates mTOR and the transcription factor HIF-1¦Á Rosa Bernardi et al. 10.1038/nature05029 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature05029.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05029.html ---------------------- LETTERS ---------------------- The rapid formation of a large rotating disk galaxy three billion years after the Big Bang Observations of a luminous star-forming galaxy when the Universe was only 20% of its current age reveal high gas surface densities, large star formation rate and moderately young stellar ages, suggesting rapid assembly, fragmentation and conversion to stars of an initially very gas-rich protodisk. R. Genzel et al. 10.1038/nature05052 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature05052.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05052.html No signature of clear CO2 ice from the 'cryptic' regions in Mars' south seasonal polar cap The low albedo region of the seasonal polar ice caps of Mars could result from absorption by the underlying surface. But the deep and broad CO2 absorption bands that are expected in the near infrared from a thick transparent slab of CO2 ice are not observed. Yves Langevin et al. 10.1038/nature05012 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature05012.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05012.html CO2 jets formed by sublimation beneath translucent slab ice in Mars' seasonal south polar ice cap Infrared and visible observations show that features on the martian south polar cap remain at CO2 ice temperatures well into summer, and must be granular materials that have been brought up to the surface of the ice. Hugh H. Kieffer, Philip R. Christensen and Timothy N. Titus 10.1038/nature04945 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04945.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04945.html Spontaneous skyrmion ground states in magnetic metals New theoretical work shows that skyrmions can form stable ground states in various types of magnetic metals and may be observed directly with modern magnetic microscopy techniques. Moreover, it predicts that spontaneous skyrmion ground states exist generally in a large number of materials. U. K. Ro¦Âler, A. N. Bogdanov and C. Pfleiderer 10.1038/nature05056 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature05056.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05056.html Resonant slow fault slip in subduction zones forced by climatic load stress Anthony R. Lowry 10.1038/nature05055 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature05055.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05055.html Archaea predominate among ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes in soils Nitrification, the microbial conversion of ammonia to nitrate, is a key process in the global nitrogen cycle. This reaction is predominately carried out by archaeal and not bacterial ammonia oxidizer, as the archaeal ammonia oxidizers are more abundant in soils than their well-known bacterial counterparts. S. Leininger et al. 10.1038/nature04983 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04983.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04983.html Hierarchy and adaptivity in segmenting visual scenes Computer algorithms have not been successful at finding coherent regions in noisy visual images under natural viewing conditions. A new approach can now determine all salient regions of an image and build them into a hierarchical structure faster and more accurately than previous approaches. Eitan Sharon et al. 10.1038/nature04977 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04977.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04977.html Phosphorylation of WAVE1 regulates actin polymerization and dendritic spine morphology Yong Kim et al. 10.1038/nature04976 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04976.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04976.html Transformation from committed progenitor to leukaemia stem cell initiated by MLL-AF9 Oncogenic transformation of committed blood progenitor cells can produce leukaemic stem cells with the ability to self-renew through critical changes in gene expression. Andrei V. Krivtsov et al. 10.1038/nature04980 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04980.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04980.html Notch signalling regulates stem cell numbers in vitro and in vivo The Notch receptor plays a pivotal role in a pathway that controls the survival of embryonic, fetal and adult stem cells, as it activates the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase/Akt signalling pathway and identifies a key serine on STAT3. Andreas Androutsellis-Theotokis et al. 10.1038/nature04940 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04940.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04940.html Protein flexibility acclimatizes photosynthetic energy conversion to the ambient temperature Examination of the photosystem II reaction centre shows that changes in locally flexible domains allow enzyme adaptation to ambient temperature. Mutations in the packing motif of mesophiles that increase the residue bulkiness and reduce the size of cavities to promote thermophilic behaviour. Similar mechanisms may occur in other systems, including globular proteins that require acclimation to significantly different habitats. Oksana Shlyk-Kerner et al. 10.1038/nature04947 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04947.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04947.html Structure of the catalytic domain of the hepatitis C virus NS2-3 protease Ivo C. Lorenz, Joseph Marcotrigiano, Thomas G. Dentzer and Charles M. Rice 10.1038/nature04975 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04975.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04975.html DNA overwinds when stretched Physical intuition predicts that DNA should unwind under tension as it is pulled towards a denatured structure, but this is not the case. Pulling of a single DNA molecule first leads to overwinding, which causes it to lengthen, not shorten. These results can be explained by a coupling between stretch and twist, such that the DNA inner radius changes under tension. Jeff Gore et al. 10.1038/nature04974 Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... bs/nature04974.html Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature04974.html Corrigendum: Structure of the Sec13/31 COPII coat cage Scott M. Stagg et al. 10.1038/nature05141 http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature05141.html ***** |
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