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musashino

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Substantially higher amounts of oxygenated compounds and
lower amounts of monoterpenes hydrocarbons are present in
the essential oil of orange peels extracted by MAD in comparison
with HD. The oxygenated fraction in essential oil samples
from MAD (11.7%) was higher than HD (7.9%). Monoterpenes
hydrocarbons are less valuable than oxygenated compounds in
terms of their contribution to the fragrance of the essential oil.
Conversely, the oxygenated compounds are highly odoriferous
and, hence, the most valuable. The greater proportion of oxygenated
compounds in the MAD essential oils is probably due
to the diminution of thermal and hydrolytic effects, compared
with hydro-distillation, which uses a large quantity of water and
is time and energy consuming. Water is a polar solvent, which
accelerates many reactions, especially reactions via carbocation
as intermediates.

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musashino(金币+10, 翻译EPI+1): 2011-02-11 10:34:40
MAD方法和HD方法相比,从橙皮挥发油提取的含氧化合物含量大幅提高、单萜烯烃的含量较低。 由MAD法得到的橙皮挥发油样品中含氧化合物含量为11.7%,高于HD法的7.9%。对精油的香味而言,单萜烯烃不如含氧化合物来得重要。相反,含氧化合物具有高度反响气味,因此最有价值。HD法中应用了大量的水,费时耗能。而MAD法可能是由于减少了热和水解作用,从而使精油中含氧化合物的含量增加。水是极性溶剂,能够加速许多反应,尤其是通过碳正离子作为中间体的进行的反应。
2楼2011-02-11 10:11:17
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虽然语言是我们都该热爱的东东。但楼主给的段落好长啊,怎么也得拿10个以上的bb啊,O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
3楼2011-02-11 10:12:46
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