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【转帖】板块构造理论先驱杰克·奥利弗逝世 已有3人参与
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http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2011/1/242839.shtm 板块构造理论先驱杰克·奥利弗逝世  （图片来源：康奈尔大学） 美国地球学家、板块构造理论先驱杰克·奥利弗（Jack Oliver）于1月5日不幸逝世，享年87岁。 杰克·奥利弗在美国哥伦比亚地质观测所工作过，曾与1958至1959年间任有关《禁止核试验条约》问题的白宫顾问。他曾被选为美国国家科学院院士，并分别担任过美国地震学会和美国地质学会主席。1971年，他前往康奈尔大学掌管地球与大气科学系，开始他的后半生工作。 康奈尔大学地质学教授，同时也是奥利弗曾经的学生之一Larry Brown如是评价他：“地球科学领域失去了一位伟人，我们失去了一位伟大的同事和导师。”（科学网 张笑/编译） |
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国际著名地球物理学家John (Jack) E. Oliver博士于2011年1月5日（星期三）在美国纽约伊萨卡的家中去世,享年87岁。葬礼已于2011年1月10日（星期一）在伊萨卡的圣凯瑟林锡耶纳教堂举行。 Oliver博士是地球物理学界的权威，他是首位将地震波应用于核爆探查的科学家，他在地球物理学方面的研究使我们重新认识了塑造地球构造的根本力量。 1968年，Oliver博士与Lamonters Bryan Isacks、Lynn Sykes合作撰写题为《地震学与新全球构造学》的论文，这篇论文为后来板块构造学理论的出现提供了最有说服力的地球物理学案例，现在人们对于地球演变的理解都是在该理论的基础上形成的。1969—1971年，Oliver博士任哥伦比亚大学地质系主任；1971年，担任康奈尔大学地质科学系主任一职，兼任康奈尔大学大陆研究所首任所长；之后，协助创办了美国大陆反射地震探测计划（COCORP），这项工程开辟了利用地震反射技术进行大范围大陆岩石圈勘查的先河。 Oliver博士曾任美国国家科学院院士、美国地震学会主席、美国地质学会主席。他一生致力于地质物理学研究，撰写或与他人联合撰写学术文章200余篇，访问的国家超过55个。他的著作包括:《The Incomplete Guide to the Art of Discovery》、《Shocks and Rocks; Seismology in the Plate Tectonics Revolution》、《Shakespeare Got It Wrong: It's Not "to Be," It's "to Do": Autobiographical Memoirs of a Lucky Geophysicist》。 Dr. John (Jack) Ertle Oliver, of Ithaca, Professor Emeritus at Cornell University, died peacefully in his home at Kendal of Ithaca on January 5, 2011. He was 87. He was predeceased by his wife, Gertrude N. Oliver and his parents Chester Oliver and Marie Ertle Oliver. He is survived by his brother, William Oliver of Massillon, Ohio, daughter Cornelia (Nell) Oliver of Pacific Palisades, CA, daughter Amy Mascolo (Richard) of Doylestown, PA, and grandchildren Philippa, Katherine and Georgina Thomas of Pacific Palisades, CA, and Monica, Christina, and Jack Mascolo of Doylestown, PA. Jack was born on September 26, 1923 in Massillon, Ohio. He played football on Massillon high school’s national championship team, coached by the legendary Hall-of-Famer Paul Brown. He attended Columbia University on an athletic scholarship and received his BA and MA in Physics, and his Ph.D. in Geophysics. From 1943 to 1946 he took a break from his studies to serve in the 129th US Naval Construction Battalion (the Seabees) in Hawaii and the Philippines during the Second World War. Jack was a geophysicist specializing in seismology and tectonics. He loved to learn, discover, and teach. He was a key figure in the “plate tectonics revolution” in the 1960s and together with Bryan Isacks and Lynn Sykes, wrote “Seismology and the New Global Tectonics,” a seminal paper on the topic published in the AGU’s Journal of Geophysical Research, 15 September 1968. He became Professor of Geology and Chairman of the Department of Geology at Columbia University and also head of the program in earthquake seismology at Columbia’s Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory. In 1971, Jack came to Cornell University as chairman of the newly reorganized Department of Geological Sciences and shaped it into a top national research institution. During his chairmanship, Jack envisioned a concentration on the problems of continental geology, particularly the deep continental crust, and built a department that emphasized geophysics and the applications of plate tectonics theory. He was the founding Director of the Institute for the Study of the Continents, and together with Sidney Kaufman established the Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling (COCORP), the first national program for the systematic exploration of the continental crust with modern seismic reflection technology. COCORP became the stimulus and model for large scale studies of the crust around the world, resulting in a revolutionary new view of the structure and origin of the continents. Jack was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and is former president of both the Seismological Society of America and the Geological Society of America. In 1958 and 1959 he was a seismological advisor on the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and a delegate to negotiations in Geneva. He received numerous awards and honors during his career including the Kaufmann Gold Medal of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists in 1983, and the Penrose Medal of the Geological Society of America, its highest honor, in 1998. He authored or coauthored over 200 scientific papers and visited over 55 countries during his years of geophysics research. He also wrote several books including The Incomplete Guide to the Art of Discovery and Shocks and Rocks: Seismology in the Plate Techtonics Revolution”, and Shakespeare Got It Wrong: It’s Not “to Be,” It’s “to Do”: the Autobiographical Memoirs of a Lucky Geophysicist. At both Columbia and Cornell Jack served as mentor and inspiration for generations of students, many of whom have gone on to become international leaders in both industry and universities around the world. Jack loved hiking and in met Gertrude (Gay) Oliver in a hiking club outside of New York City. In 1964 they married and in 1971 moved to Ithaca where they raised their 2 daughters, Nell and Amy, and remained for the rest of their lives. As a family they enjoyed many trips around Ithaca and in the Adirondacks canoeing, hiking, camping, and cross country skiing. When he was in his eighties he still hiked the Taughannock Falls loop regularly, one of his favorites. |
5楼2011-01-15 12:31:41
