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[交流] 【Pure water】Health Report

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。

On Saturday in Tucson, Arizona, a gunman opened fire on a small crowd meeting outdoors with a congresswoman. Six people were killed and fourteen were wounded, including the representative, Gabrielle Giffords.

周六，在亚利桑那州图森市，一名枪手向在室外与众议员会面的人群开火。事件造成6人死亡，14人受伤。伤者包括众议员加布里埃尔·吉福德（Gabrielle Giffords）。

The bullet traveled along the left side of her brain as it went in one side of her head and came out the other.

子弹从吉福德头部左侧射入，穿过脑部从另一侧射出。

Doctor Leigh Vinocur is a nationally known expert in emergency medicine. She says the path that the bullet took was lucky for the forty-year-old congresswoman.

丽·维诺科（Leigh Vinocur）医生是急诊医学领域一位全国知名的专家。她说，子弹穿过的路径对这位40岁的众议员来说是非常幸运的。

LEIGH VINOCUR: "And then when the neurosurgeon described that it appeared the nerves to her eye were OK, I just think it could have been worse. You know, if it's any lower, it hits your respiratory center and you die immediately. You worry about motor function, and it appears that she's moving her extremities. We don't know how her speech will be, because the temporal lobe does affect speech. She certainly is following commands."

维诺科：“当神经外科医生介绍说她的眼部神经正常时，我还以为情况原本可能会更糟。要知道，如果子弹再低一些，就会击中呼吸中枢并立马丧命。至于你关注的运动功能，看上去她正在活动她的四肢。我们不知道她的语言能力将会怎样，因为颞叶会影响语言功能。她显然正在执行医生的指令。”

On Tuesday doctors said Representative Giffords was breathing without the aid of a machine. But she remained in critical condition.

周二医生称吉福德已经开始自主呼吸，但她仍处于病危状态。

Doctor Vinocur praised the college intern who gave the congresswoman first aid. Daniel Hernandez had trained in high school as a nurse's assistant.

维诺科医生赞扬了对吉福德进行急救的大学实习生丹尼尔·埃尔南德斯（Daniel Hernandez）的表现，埃尔南德斯曾在高中接受过护士助理的培训。

But Doctor Vinocur says people have to be extra careful about putting pressure on bleeding head wounds.

但维诺科医生表示，人们在对头部受伤流血部位施压时应该格外小心。

LEIGH VINOCUR: "So you can put pressure on the scalp, which does bleed a lot, to sort of stem that bleeding. But you want to be careful to make sure you're not pushing brain tissue back in through the hole, you're not pushing fragments of bone. Or if there were metal bullet fragments that were left in the entrance or exit wound, you don't want to push those back ."

维诺科：“你可以按住流血严重的头皮，从而或多或少的遏制流血。但你要小心确保你没把脑组织通过枪击洞口按回大脑，不要按压骨头碎片。如果子弹造成的伤口部位有金属碎片，不要把它们按回了大脑。”

Doctor Peter Rhee, trauma chief at the University Medical Center in Tucson, says he expects Representative Giffords to survive. She has been following simple commands, like moving her toes, squeezing a hand and giving the thumbs-up sign. But no one knows yet how well she might recover.

图森大学医学中心的创伤主任彼得·李(Peter Rhee)称，他预计吉福德将能活过来。她已经能执行一些简单的指令，例如动脚趾，握紧手和竖起大拇指。但现在无人知道她能恢复到什么程度。

Doctors have temporarily removed about half of her skull to ease pressure.

医生已临时取掉了她近一半的头骨以减轻压力。

Doctor Rhee operated on the congresswoman and also treated other victims of the shooting attack. He says his work as a Navy surgeon in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan prepared him well.

李医生对吉福德进行了手术，也对其他枪击案受害者进行了治疗。他表示，在伊拉克战争和阿富汗战争中作为海军外科医生的经历使他受益良多。

In fact, emergency medicine specialist Leigh Vinocur says that specialty grew out of military medicine dating back to World War One.

事实上，急诊医学专家维诺科表示，从军事医学衍生出来的专业知识可以追溯到第一次世界大战。

LEIGH VINOCUR: "The lessons that we learn on the battlefield are the things that have translated. And we have made such great strides, even within this last war, of saving people."

维诺科：“我们从战场上学到的课程是经过转化后的。我们已经取得了巨大的进步，即使是在拯救人民的这场最后的战争中。”

Doctor Vinocur teaches at the University of Maryland medical school and speaks for the American College of Emergency Medicine.

维诺科医生任教于马里兰大学医学院，并担任美国急诊医学学会发言人。

The young suspect charged in the shooting had been acting strangely. Last year he was suspended from a community college because of his behavior. But he was legally able to buy the handgun used in the shooting.

枪击案的这位年轻嫌犯一直举止古怪。去年他由于他的行为被社区大学退学。但在法律上，他能够购买在枪击案中使用的手枪。

And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by Caty Weaver. I'm Christopher Cruise.