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1. Introduction£º
A. ÈçºÎÖ¸³öµ±Ç°Ñо¿µÄ²»×ã²¢ÓÐÄ¿µÄµØÒýµ¼³ö×Ô¼ºÑо¿µÄÖØÒªÐÔ£¿ÔÚÐðÊöÇ°È˳ɹûÖ®ºó£¬ÓÃHoweverÀ´Òýµ¼²»×㣬Ìá³öÒ»ÖÖз½·¨»òз½Ïò¡£È磺However, little information(little attention/little work/little data/little research¡¡)(or few studies/few investigations/few researchers/few attempts¡¡)(or no/none of these studies¡¡)has(have)been done on(focused on/attempted to/conducted/investigated/studied(with respect to))¡£È磺Previous research (studies, records) has (have) failed to consider/ ignored/ misinterpreted/ neglected to/overestimated, underestimated/misleaded. thus, these previus results are inconclisive, misleading, unsatisfactory, questionable, controversial. Uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist¡¡Ñо¿·½·¨ºÍ·½ÏòÓëÇ°ÈËÒ»Ñùʱ£¬¿Éͨ¹ýÒÔÏ·½Ê½Ç¿µ÷×Ô¼º¹¤×÷£ºHowever, data is still scarce(rare, less accurate)or there is still dearth of¡¡We need to(aim to, have to) provide more documents(data, records, studies, increase the dataset). Further studies are still necessary(essential)¡¡
Ç¿µ÷×Ô¼ºÑо¿µÄÖØÒªÐÔ£¬Ò»°ã»¹ÒªÔÚHowever֮ǰ½éÉÜÓë×Ô¼ºÑо¿ÎÊÌâÏà·´»òÏà¹ØµÄÎÊÌâ¡£±ÈÈ磺(1)ʱ¼äÎÊÌ⣻(2)Ñо¿ÊÖ¶ÎÎÊÌ⣻(3)Ñо¿ÇøÓòÎÊÌ⣻(4)²»È·¶¨ÐÔ£»(5)Ìá³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¼ÙÉèÀ´ÑéÖ¤¡£Èç¹ûÄãÑо¿µÄÎÊÌâÔÚʱ¼äÉϱȽÏУ¬Äã¿É´óÁ¿Ìἰʱ¼ä½ÏÀÏÎÊÌâµÄÑо¿¼°ÖØÒªÐÔ£¬È»ºó(However)±íÃ÷¡°¶Ôʱ¼ä³ß¶È±È½ÏеÄÎÊÌâÑо¿²»×㡱£»Èç¹ûÄãµÄÊÇÒ»ÖÖеÄÑо¿ÊֶλòÑо¿·½Ïò£¬Äã¿ÉÌá³öµ±Ç°Á÷Ðеķ½·¨¼°ÆäÎïÖÊÐÔÖÊ£¬È»ºó(However)˵¶ÔÄãËùÑо¿µÄ·½Ïò·½·¨Ñо¿ÉõÉÙ£»Èç¹ûÑо¿Éæ¼°ÇøÓòÎÊÌ⣬¾ÍÏÈ×ܽáÏàÁÚÇøÓò»òÆäËüÇøÓòµÄÑо¿£¬È»ºó(However)Ç¿µ÷ÕâÒ»ÇøÓòµÄÑо¿²»×㣻ËäȻǰÈ˶ÔijһÎÊÌâÑо¿ºÜ¶à£¬µ«Ä¿Ç°ÓÐÁ½ÖÖ»ò¸ü¶àÖֹ۵㣬ÕâÖÖuncertanties»òambiguitiesÖµµÃ½øÒ»²½³ÎÇ壻Èç¹û×Ô¼ºµÄÑо¿ÊÇÈ«ÊÇеģ¬Ã»ÓÐÇ°È˵Ť×÷¿É¶Ô±È£¬Äã¾Í¿ÉÒÔ×ÔÐŵØ˵¡°¸ù¾Ý¼ÙÉèÌá³öµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬´æÔÚÕâÖÖ¿ÉÄܵĽá¹û£¬±¾ÎľÍÊÇҪ֤ʵÕâÖÖ½á¹û¡±µÈµÈ¡£We aim to test the feasibility (reliability) of the¡¡It is hoped that the question will be resolved (fall away) with our proposed method (approach).
B. Ìá³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¹Ûµã£ºWe aim to//This paper reports on//This paper provides results//This paper extends the method//This paper focus on¡¡The purpose of this paper is to¡¡Furthermore, Moreover, In addition, we will also discuss¡¡
C. Ȧ¶¨×Ô¼ºµÄÑо¿·¶Î§£ºintroductionµÄÁíÒ»¸ö×÷ÓþÍÊǸæË߶ÁÕß(°üÀ¨reviewer)£¬ÄãÎÄÕµÄÖ÷ÒªÑо¿ÄÚÈÝ¡£Èç¹û´¦Àí²»ºÃ£¬reviewer»áÌá³öÑÏÀ÷µÄ½¨Ò飬±ÈÈçÄãûÓп¼ÂÇijÖÖ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ£¬Ä³ÖÖÑо¿Êֶεȡ£Îª¼õÉÙÕâÖÖÕùÂÛ£¬ÔÚÇ°ÑԵĽáβ¾Í±ØÐëÃ÷È·Ìá³ö±¾ÎÄÑо¿µÄ·¶Î§£º(1)ʱ¼ä³ß¶È£»(2) Ñо¿ÇøÓòµÈ¡£ÈçÉæ¼°½Ï³¤µÄʱÐò£¬Äã¿ÉÃ÷È·Ìá³ö±¾ÎÄÖ»¹ØÐÄijһÌض¨Ê±¼ä·¶Î§µÄÎÊÌ⣬We preliminarily focus on the older (younger)¡¡ÈçÓÐÁ½ÖÖʱ¼ä³ß¶È (long-term and short term)£¬Äã¿É˵Á½Õ߶¼ÖØÒª£¬µ«ÊDZ¾ÎÄÖ»Éæ¼°ÆäÖÐÒ»ÖÖ¡£Ñо¿ÇøÓòµÄÎÊÌ⣬ºÍʱ¼äÎÊÌâÒ»Ñù£¬Ò²ÐèÃ÷È·Ìá³öÄãÖ»¹ØÐÄijһÌض¨ÇøÓò£¡
D. ×îºóµÄÔ³¡£ºÔÚÇ°ÑÔµÄ×îºó£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔ×ܽáÐÔµØÌá³ö¡°ÕâÒ»Ñо¿¶ÔÆäËüÑо¿ÓÐʲô°ïÖú¡±£»»òÕß˵further studies on¡¡will be summarized in our next study (or elsewhere)¡£×ÜÖ®£¬ÆäÄ¿µÄ¾ÍÊÇÈöÁÕß°Ñ˼·¼¯Öе½ÄãÒªÌÖÂÛµÄÎÊÌâÉÏÀ´¡£¾¡Á¿¼õÉÙ²»±ØÒªµÄÕùÂÛ(arguments)¡£
2. Discussion£º
A. ÔõÑùÌá³ö¹Ûµã£ºÔÚÌá³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¹Ûµãʱ£¬²ÉȡʲôÑùµÄ²ßÂÔºÜÖØÒª£¬²»ºÏÊʵľä×Óͨ³£»áÔâµ½reviewerÖÃÒÉ¡£(1)Èç¹û¹Ûµã²»ÊÇÕâƪÎÄÕÂ×îÐÂÌá³öµÄ£¬Í¨³£ÒªÓÃWe confirm that¡¡(2)¶ÔÓÚ×Ô¼ººÜ×ÔÐŵĹ۵㣬¿ÉÓÃWe believe that¡¡(3)ͨ³££¬ÓÉÊý¾ÝÍƶϳöÒ»¶¨µÄ½áÂÛ£¬ÓÃResults indicate, infer, suggest, imply that¡¡(4) ÔÚ¼«ÆäÌرðʱ²Å¿ÉÓÃWe put forward(discover, observe)¡¡"for the first time"À´Ç¿µ÷×Ô¼ºµÄ´´Ð¡¡(5) Èç¹û×Ô¼º¶ÔËùÌá³öµÄ¹Ûµã²»ÍêÈ«¿Ï¶¨£¬¿ÉÓÃWe tentatively put forward (interrprete this to¡)Or The results may be due to (caused by) attributed to resulted from¡¡Or This is probably a consequence of¡¡It seems that¡¡can account for (interpret) this¡¡Or It is posible that it stem from¡¡Òª×¢ÒâÕâЩ½á¹¹ÒªºÏÀí´îÅä¡£Èç¹ûͨƪÊÇÀàÐÍ1)ºÍ5)£¬ÄÇÕâƪÎÄÕµÄÒâÒå¾Í´ó´òÕÛ¿Û¡£Èç¹ûÈ«ÊÇ2)£¬¿Ï¶¨»áÔâµ½ÖÃÒÉ¡£ËùÒÔÒª×Ðϸ·ÖÎö×Ô¼º³É¹ûµÄ´´ÐÂÐÔÒÔ¼°¿ÉÐŶȡ£
B. Á¬½Ó´ÊÓëÂß¼£ºÐ´Ó¢ÎÄÂÛÎÄ×î³£¼ûµÄ벡ÊÇÎÄÕµÄÂß¼²»Çå³þ£¬½â¾ö·½·¨ÈçÏ¡£
(1)×¢Òâ¾ä×ÓÉÏÏÂÁ¬¹á£¬²»ÄÜÈþä×Ó¶ÀÁ¢¡£³£¼ûµÄÁ¬½Ó´ÊÓУ¬However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore¡¡ÓúÃÁ¬½Ó´ÊÄÜʹÎÄÕ²ã´ÎÇå³þ£¬Òâ˼Ã÷È·¡£±ÈÈ磬ÐðÊöÓÐʱ¼ä˳ÐòµÄʼþ»òÎÄÏ×£¬×îÔçµÄÎÄÏ׿ÉÓÃAA advocated it for the first time.½ÓÏÂÀ´¿ÉÓÃThen BB further demonstrated that. ÔÙ½ÓÏÂÀ´£¬¿ÉÓÃAfterwards, CC¡¡Èç¹û»¹ÓУ¬¿ÉÓÃMore recent studies by DD¡¡Èç¹ûÐðÊöÁ½Öֹ۵㣬Ҫ°ÑËüÃǽØÈ»·Ö¿ªAA put forward that¡¡In contrast, BB believe or Unlike AA, BB suggest or On the contrary (±íÃ÷Ç°Ãæ¹Ûµã´íÎó)£¬Èç¹ûÖ»±íÃ÷Á½ÖÖ¹Ûµã¶ÔÁ¢£¬ÓÃin contrast BB¡¡Èç¹ûÁ½ÖÖ¹ÛµãÏà½ü,¿ÉÓÃAA suggest¡¡Similarily, alternatively, BB¡¡Or Also, BB or BB allso does¡¡±íʾÒò¹û»òÕßÇ°ºó¹Øϵ¿ÉÓÃConsequently, therefore, as a result¡¡±íÃ÷µÝ½ø¹Øϵ¿ÉÓÃfurthermore, further, moreover, in addition¡¡Ð´ÍêÒ»¶ÎÓ¢ÎÄ£¬×îºÃÊ×Ïȼì²éÊÇ·ñ½ÏºÃµØÓ¦ÓÃÁËÕâЩÁ¬½Ó´Ê¡£
(2) ×¢Òâ¶ÎÂä²¼¾ÖµÄÕûÌåÂß¼£º¾³£ÎÒÃÇÒªÐðÊöÒ»¸öÎÊÌâµÄ¼¸¸ö·½Ãæ¡£ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬Ò»¶¨Òª×¢ÒâÂß¼½á¹¹¡£µÚÒ»¶ÎÒªÃ÷È·¸æË߶ÁÕßÄãÒªÌÖÂÛ¼¸¸ö²¿·Ý¡¡Therefore, there are three aspects of this problem have to be addressed. The first question involves¡¡The second problem relates to¡¡The third aspect deals with¡¡ÇåÎúµØ°Ñ¹ÛµãÖð²ãÐðÊö¡£Ò²¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÓÃFirst, Second, Third, Finally¡¡µ±È»£¬Furthermore, in additionµÈ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´²¹³ä˵Ã÷¡£
(3) ÌÖÂÛ²¿·ÝµÄÕûÌå½á¹¹£ºÐ¡±êÌâÊÇ°ÑÎÊÌâ·ÖΪ¼¸¸öƬ¶ÎµÄºÃ·½·¨¡£Í¨³£µÚÒ»¸öƬ¶ÎÖ¸³öÎÄÕÂ×îÖØÒªµÄÊý¾Ý»ò½á¹û£»²¹³ä˵Ã÷²¿·Ý·ÅÔÚ×îºóÒ»¸öƬ¶Î¡£Ò»¶¨ÒªÃ÷°×£¬ÎÄÕµĶÁÕß·ÖΪ¶à¸öµµ´Î£»³ýÁ˱¾×¨ÒµµÄרҵÈËÊ¿¶Á¶®ÒÔÍ⣬һ¶¨ÒªÏë°ì·¨ÄÜÈøü¶àµÄÍâרҵÈ˶Á¶®¡£ËùÒÔ¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÌÖÂÛ²¿·Ý·ÖΪÁ½²¿·Ý£¬Ò»²¿·ÝÌá³ö¹Ûµã£¬ÁíÒ»²¿·ÝÏêϸ½éÉܹý³ÌÒÔ¼°ÂÛÊöµÄÒÀ¾Ý¡£ÕâÑùרҵÍâµÄÈËÊ¿¿ÉÒÔÁ˽âÎÄÕµÄÖ÷Òª¹Ûµã£¬±È½ÏרҵµÄÌÖÂÛËû¿ÉÒÔ°ÑËüµ±³ÉºÚÏä×Ó£¬¶øÕâÒ»²¿·Ý±¾×¨ÒµÈËÊ¿¿ÉÒÔ½øÒ»²½Ñо¿¡£
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We concentrate (focus) on only¡¡We have to point out that we do not¡¡Some limitations of this study are¡¡(2)½áÂÛÓÐЩ²»×㣬The results do not imply¡¡The results can not be used to determine(or be taken as evidence of)¡¡Unfortunately, we can not determine this from this data¡¡Our results are lack of¡¡µ«Ö¸³öÕâЩ²»×ãÖ®ºó£¬Ò»¶¨ÒªÂíÉÏÔٴμÓÇ¿±¾ÎĵÄÖØÒªÐÔÒÔ¼°¿ÉÄܲÉÈ¡µÄÊÖ¶ÎÀ´½â¾öÕâЩ²»×㣬Ϊ±ðÈË»òÕß×Ô¼ºµÄÏÂÒ»²½Ñо¿´òÏ·ü±Ê¡£Not withstanding its limitation, this study does suggest¡¡
However, these problems could be solved if we consider¡¡Despite its preliminary character, this study can clearly indicate¡¡ÓÃÖÐÎÄÀ´ËµÕâÊÇ×óÓÒ·êÔ´£¬°ÑÉó¸åÈËÏëµ½µÄÎÊÌâÌáÇ°¸øÒ»¸ö½»´ú£¬Í¬Ê±±íÃ÷ÄãÒѾÔÚ˼¿¼ÕâЩÎÊÌ⣬µ«ÊÇÓÉÓÚÎÄÕ³¤¶È£¬ÊÔÑé½ø¶È»òÕßÊÔÑéÊֶεÄÖÆÔ¼£¬ÔÝʱ²»ÄܻشðÕâЩÎÊÌâ¡£µ«Í¨¹ýÄãµÄһЩ½¨Ò飬ÕâЩÎÊÌâÔÚ½«À´µÄÑо¿ÖÐÓпÉÄÜʵÏÖ¡£
3. Others£º
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are wrong, very questionable, have no commensence, etc.Óöµ½ÕâÀàÇé¿ö£¬¿ÉÒÔÍñתµØÌá³ö£ºTheir studies may be more reasonable if they had¡¡considered this situation.Their results could be better convinced if they¡¡Or Their conclusion may remain some uncertanties. |
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