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【分享】土壤中土豆块茎表面细菌多样性及受植物基因型的影响
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Bacterial diversityonthe surface of potatotubers in soil and the influence of the plant genotype 土壤中土豆块茎表面细菌多样性及受植物基因型的影响 Nicole Weinert, Remo Meincke, Christine Gottwald, HolgerHeuer, MichaeSchloter, Gabriele Berg & KorneliaSmalla FEMS MicrobiolEcol 74 (2010) 114–123 摘要：The surface of tubers might be a reservoir for bacteria that aredisseminated with seed potatoes or that affect postharvest damage. The numbers of culturable bacteria and their antagonistic potential, as well as bacterial community fingerprints were analysedfrom tubers of seven field-grown potato genotypes, including two lines with tuber-accumulated zeaxanthin. The plant genotype significantly affected the number of culturablebacteria only at one field site. Zeaxanthinhad no effect on the bacterial plate counts. In dual culture, 72 of 700bacterial isolates inhibited at least one of the potato pathogens Rhizoctoniasolani, Verticillium dahliaeor Phytophthorainfestans, 12 of them suppressing all three. Most of these antagonists were identified as Bacillus or Streptomyces. From tubers of two plant genotypes, including one zeaxanthinline, higher numbers of antagonists were solated. Most antagonists showed glucanase, cellulaseand protease activity, which could represent mechanisms for pathogen suppression. PCR-DGGE fingerprints of the 16S rRNAgenes of bacterial communities from the tuber surfaces revealedthat the potato genotype significantly affected the Pseudomonas community structure at one site. However, the genotypes showed nearly identical fingerprints for Bacteria, Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Bacillus and Streptomycetaceae. In conclusion, tuber-associated bacteria were only weakly affected by the plant genotype. 块茎表面可能栖居着很多细菌，它们被种薯传播或影响采后损失。研究七种基因型马铃薯块茎的得到的细菌群落，包括两个块茎富含玉米黄素的品系，分析培养方法得到的细菌数量和潜在的拮抗作用，以及细菌群落指纹图谱。 只有一个田间位置的样品表现出植物基因型对可培养细菌数量的重要影响。玉米黄素对细菌数量没有影响。在双重培养基中，分离到的700株细菌中72株至少能拮抗三种马铃薯病原菌中的一种，三种都能拮抗的有12株。这些拮抗菌大多是芽孢杆菌或链霉菌。 其中两种基因型品系（包括一种富含玉米黄素品系）的拮抗菌数量较多。大多数拮抗菌显示葡聚糖酶，纤维素酶和蛋白酶活性，这些活力可能与病原菌拮抗作用相关。 细菌群落的16SrRNA基因PCR-DGGE指纹图谱表明马铃薯基因型对一个位点的假单胞菌群体结构有显著影响。然而，细菌，放线菌，α变形杆菌, β变形杆菌, 芽胞菌和链霉菌具有一样的的指纹图谱。总之，块茎联合的细菌受植物基因型影响较小。 更多资料请查看www.bioknow.cn |
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