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huojinlong9287

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MI是由***大学在1980选取中国云南省西双版纳小耳猪品系建立的，建系的一对系祖是当时已具有一定近交基础的一头母猪和其所生的小公猪。培育过程中一直采用全同胞或亲子交两种高度近交方式连续近交，且每一世代均进行严格的选择，由于近交系的杂合基因在近交过程中得以分离、重组和不断纯合，BMI现已形成具有不同表型和基因型的6个家系和18个亚系。BMI的两个原始系祖均为黑毛色表型，随着近交和世代进展，后来分离出了花毛表型，即从毛色表型上看，BMI有黑毛色和花毛色。从近交父母本及后代表型看：黑毛色表型间两两交配生下的仔猪有全黑毛色表型和黑毛色与花毛色表型共存两种情况；黑毛色和花毛色交配的后代也存在全黑毛色表型和黑毛色与花毛色表型共存两种情况；花毛表型间两两交配生出的全是花毛色表型。因为大多数哺乳动物的皮毛颜色遗传与E座位的MC1R基因紧密相关，而且黑皮毛色多为显性，于是我们根据BMI系谱从表型推断黑毛色对花毛色为显性，假设为E座位一对等位基因EBMI/Ebmi控制，则黑毛色为EBMI/EBMI和EBMI/Ebmi二种基因型，花毛色为Ebmi/Ebmi基因型，为了确定是否EBMI/Ebmi真实的存在显隐性关系，假如存在，其序列真实情况是什么？并探索其分子机理，本研究以与毛色遗传紧密相关的存在E座位的MC1R基因作为主要候选基因，利用BMI清楚的遗传背景和系谱图，通过分子生物学手段对BMI的EBMI/EBMI、EBMI/Ebm和Ebmi/Ebmi基因型猪进行MC1R基因直接测序和克隆测序来研究其毛色遗传机理。
BMI was developed at ***University in 1980. The foundation stock were a sow and her own male piglet, which was selected from native small-ear breeds pig in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China. Then, rigorous selection and highly inbreeding methods (full-sib or parent-offspring mating) were conducted continuously generation by generation. Because heterozygotic genes were separated and recombined in the process of inbreeding, BMI now has formed six families and eighteen substrains with different phenotypes and genotypes. With the development of inbreeding and generating, the white with black spots descendants were generated although two original ancestors of BMI have the uniform black color coat phenotype. Namely, BMI were divided into the black and white with black spots phenotypes in light of the coat color . Owing to the coat color difference of the mated individuals, three cases took place. In the 1st case, uniform black color coat or black and white with black spots descendants are generated by mating of the two black phenotype pigs. In the 2nd case, the similar results to that of the above come out with mating between the black and white with black spotting pigs. In the 3th case, the descendants own the same coat color as their white with black spot parents. As it is well known, the coat color genetic process of the successor is closely related with MC1R gene in E locus. In a variety of mammals, dominant alleles at E locus act to produce a uniform black coat color, So we assume that the black phenotype be dominant to the white phenotype with black spots and the E position was controlled by a pair of EBMI/Ebmi allelic genes in BMI. The black phenotype could possess EBMI/EBMI or EBMI/Ebmi genotype, and the white with black spots phenotype associated with the Ebmi/Ebmi genotype. Up to now, it is unclear about the molecular mechanism of domination relation between EBMI and Ebmi genes. MC1R gene, one of the principal candidate genes for coat color trait, was used to analyze the coat genetic mechanism by using the clear genetic background and pedigree of BMI. The coat color genetic mechanism of BMI was investigated by molecular bio-method of the direct sequencing of PCR products and cloning sequencing of MC1R gene with the individuals of EBMI/EBMI, EBMI/Ebm and Ebmi/Ebmi genotype.

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