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sagaman

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[交流] Nature给的top 5研究领域

Are you working on the hottest topic in your field? Many
scientists may think so, but it has been a tough assertion to prove
— until now, that is. A German physicist has devised a way of
answering the ‘Hot or not?’ question for his discipline. If it stands
up to scrutiny, it could be used to rate topics across the sciences.
In physics, the results show that hotness — measured by a
parameter known as m — correlates well with the promise of
future wealth… and that promise is greatest in nanotechnology.

12.85 Carbon nanotubes
Super-strong materials and
blisteringly fast electronic
circuits: the potential
applications of these tiny
carbon tubes, discovered in
1991, are so enticing that
everyone is pouring money into the field.
8.75 Nanowires
Less well studied than
nanotubes, but the possible
uses are similar. Nanowires
could eventually prove more
useful than nanotubes,
because their chemistry is
easier to tailor and they can be used to create
nano-sized lasers.
7.84 Quantum dots
Another nanotechnology
with a huge range of
potential applications.
These tiny specks of
semiconductor material,
measuring as little as a few
nanometres across, have already been used to
create dyes for cell biologists and new kinds of
laser. Physicists hope they might one day form
the basis of a quantum computer.
7.78 Fullerenes
These spheres of carbon
atoms are attracting
significant research interest.
But the latest ranking
rewards newness, so the
topic may have slipped down
the list because it predates nanotubes by
around six years. The discovery of fullerenes
earned a Nobel prize and spawned studies
of numerous potential uses, such as
drug delivery agents.
6.82 Giant
magnetoresistance
Not a new topic, but still hot
because of its economic
importance. Modern hard
disk drives were made
possible by the discovery of
giant magnetoresistant
materials, which show marked falls in electrical
resistance — more than around 5% — when a
magnetic field is applied. Researchers are now
aiming to make hard disks even more powerful.

[ Last edited by sagaman on 2006-5-31 at 14:28 ]

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