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近几十年来，随着科技的进步，桥梁结构的发展也取得了举世瞩目的成就，而桥梁试验研究对于推动和发展桥梁结构设计计算理论、解决生产实践中出现的难题起到了重要的作用。为保证大量既有桥梁的正常使用，需要对桥梁进行荷载试验，检验其承载能力状态及结构特性是否符合设计标准和使用要求。本文结合鄂州市滨湖桥载荷试验和理论计算进行了相关的研究。 掌握桥梁试验方法是荷载试验取得成功的先决条件，本文对桥梁静、动载试验方法进行了深入研究。在静载试验方法中，对静载试验方案作了较详细的介绍，包括试验对象选择、荷载工况设计、测点布置原则、试验荷载和加载方法等的选择与确立，并对试验数据处理及指标评定进行了叙述；在动载试验方法中，对桥梁常规动力测试项目进行了介绍，给出了实际桥梁动载试验最常采用的加载方法，对桥梁动力反应、动力特性的评定指标进行了介绍与总结。 对实际工程概况进行了相应的介绍，根据有关桥梁检测内容的要求，对此桥进行了表观检测及静、动载试验，综合评定结构的安全承载能力是否符合设计标准和使用要求。表观检测中针对各构件有无破损、开裂、变形、渗水、露筋锈蚀、淤塞积水等现象进行了详细的检查，标测出其具体位置及范围，对于裂缝检测，包括裂缝分布、宽度及深度等，并对结构线型和标高进行了量测。 研究根据连续刚构桥的特点制定了详细的静动载试验方案。在静荷载作用下，获取了中跨、边跨各控制截面最大应变和挠度，并对刚构墩墩顶梁附近最大负弯矩控制截面的应变进行了量测。用有限元软件MIDAS对检测桥梁进行建模分析计算，与实测试验数据加以对比分析，对整个桥梁的实际承载力状态做出评定。在动载试验中，分别采集了桥梁结构在脉冲、跳车及不同车速状况下的动态反应信号，计算出结构的自振频率、阻尼比和各车速下的冲击系数。 桥梁的静动载试验研究表明，滨湖桥的整体结构基本完好，安全性能符合要求。表观检查结果表明，桥面铺装层磨损较为严重，结构多处存在裂缝，伸缩缝已基本丧失功能，影响结构的安全性及耐久性，必须尽快处理。本文的研究成果为此桥的维护加固提供了指导性的意见，对以后同类桥梁的检测也具有较大的参考价值。 关键词：荷载试验，表观检测，既有桥梁，有限元 |
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wypward(金币+1):谢谢参与 2010-10-20 10:37:30
wypward(金币-10):严禁机器翻译 2010-10-21 11:55:56
wypward(金币+1):谢谢参与 2010-10-20 10:37:30
wypward(金币-10):严禁机器翻译 2010-10-21 11:55:56
| In recent decades, as technology advances, the development of bridges has also made remarkable achievements of the bridge test structure for the promotion and development of bridge design and calculation theory, solve problems arising in production practices have played an important role. To ensure the normal use of a large number of existing bridges, bridges need to load test, test its carrying capacity and structural properties of state compliance with design standards and requirements. This paper Ezhou Lake Bridge load tests and theoretical calculations carried out relevant studies. Load master bridge test is a prerequisite for successful trials, the paper bridge static and dynamic tests conducted in-depth research methods. In the static test method, on the static test program made a more detailed introduction, including the test object choice, load cases design, test point arrangement principles, methods, test load and load the selection and establishment, and the test data processing and evaluation indicators were described; in the dynamic test method, conventional dynamic testing of bridge projects were introduced, given the actual bridge dynamic test loading methods most commonly used on bridge dynamic response, dynamic characteristics of the evaluation indicators were introduced and summarized. The actual profile of the corresponding project description, according to the requirements of the bridge test content, this bridge was the apparent detection and static and dynamic load test, comprehensive assessment of whether the carrying capacity of structural safety standards and meet the design requirements. Apparent whether the detection of each component for damage, cracking, deformation, seepage, exposed reinforcement corrosion, blockage of water and so a detailed examination, mapping out its exact location and extent of crack detection, including the crack distribution, width and depth, and structure of linear and elevation were measured. Research based on the characteristics of continuous rigid frame bridge developed a detailed static and dynamic test program. In the static load, obtained in the cross, while the maximum cross-section of the control strain and deflection, and the rigid frame near Pier Top of the maximum negative moment beam control section of the strain were measured. MIDAS using the finite element software to model on the test of bridge analysis and calculation to be compared with the measured test data analysis, the actual capacity of the bridge to make assessment of the state. In the dynamic test, the bridge structure were collected in the pulse, the speed bump and different conditions of the dynamic response signals, calculate the natural vibration frequency, damping ratio and the speed, the impact factor. Bridge static and dynamic test results show that the overall structure of the Lake Bridge, the basic integrity, safety performance in line with requirements. The apparent test results show that the bridge deck pavement wear more serious, there is many cracks in the structure, expansion joints have been basically destroyed, affecting the structure of the safety and durability, must be as soon as possible. The results of this study reinforce the maintenance of this bridge provides a guiding opinions on the future detection of similar bridges also have great reference value. |
2楼2010-10-17 23:56:21
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ringzhu(金币+30, 翻译EPI+1): 2010-11-20 11:22:13
ringzhu(金币+20): 2010-11-20 11:22:19
ringzhu(金币+30, 翻译EPI+1): 2010-11-20 11:22:13
ringzhu(金币+20): 2010-11-20 11:22:19
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In recent decades, with the progress of science and technology, the development of bridge structure are obtained remarkable achievement, and Bridges and experimental research on development of bridge structure design and calculation theory, to solve problems in production practice plays an important role. To ensure the normal use of both Bridges, need for bridge test, the test of load bearing capacity of the structural characteristics and compliance with design standards and requirements. Based on the EZhouShi binhu bridge load test and theoretical calculation and the related research. Master bridge load test test method is a prerequisite for success, this paper, dynamic load test prohibit bridge method is studied. In the static load test method of static load test plan for a more detailed presentation, including test object selection, load condition design, principles of measuring-point arrangement, load test and loading method to establish the choice, and the test data processing and evaluation index is described, In the dynamic load test method of dynamic test routine, bridge project are introduced, and presents a practical bridge load test of the commonly used method for dynamic loading and dynamic characteristics of the bridge, the evaluation indexes were introduced and summarized. In practical engineering survey, the corresponding contents according to the relevant requirements of bridge detection, the apparent test and the bridge of the dynamic and static load test, the comprehensive evaluation of the structure of bearing capacity of safety compliance with design standards and requirements. For every component in the apparent test without damage, craze, deformation, seepage, reinforcement corrosion phenomenon such as water, siltation detailed inspection, measuring its location and the scope for crack detection, including crack distribution, width and depth, and the structure of the linear and elevation measurement. According to the characteristics of continuous rigid-frame bridge study for a detailed scheme of static and dynamic load test. In the static load, the span of the control section, edge across the maximum deflection and strain, and the rigid-frame structure of the pier pier beam in the negative moment control section near maximum strain were measured. Using finite element software modeling for testing bridge "MIDAS" calculation and analysis, and the actual experiment data analysis, comparison of the actual state of the bridge to assess capacity. In the dynamic load test, the bridge structure in the car and different pulse, the dynamic response speed conditions, the structure calculating the signal frequencies, damping ratio and the speed of impact coefficient. The static and dynamic load test bridge study the overall structure of the bridge, the binhu basic condition, safety performance requirements. Results show that the apparent check surfacing layer wear relatively serious, structure, many existing crack expansion joints has basic loss function, affect the safety of the structure and durability, soon. The results of this bridge maintenance provides guidance opinion reinforcement of similar Bridges with the test and reference value. Keywords: load test, the apparent test, both Bridges and finite element method |
3楼2010-10-19 18:18:45