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In a purely biological sense, fear begins with the body’s system for reacting to things that can harm us—the so-called fight-or-flight response. “An animal that can’t detect danger can’t stay alive,” says Joseph LeDoux. Like animals, humans evolved with an elaborate mechanism for processing information about potential threats. At its core is a cluster of neurons (神经元) deep in the brain known as the amygdale (扁桃核). LeDoux studies the way animals and humans respond to threats to understand how we form memories of significant events in our lives. The amygdale receives input from many parts of the brain, including regions responsible for retrieving memories. Using this information, the amygdale appraises a situation—I think this charging dog wants to bite me—and triggers a response by radiating nerve signals throughout the body. These signals produce the familiar signs of distress: trembling, perspiration and fast-moving feet, just to name three. This fear mechanism is critical to the survival of all animals, but no one can say for sure whether beasts other than humans know they’re afraid. That is, as LeDoux says, “if you put that system into a brain that has consciousness, then you get the feeling of fear.” Humans, says Edward M. Hallowell, have the ability to call up images of bad things that happened in the past and to anticipate future events. Combine these higher thought processes with our hardwired danger-detection systems, and you get a near-universal human phenomenon: worry. That’s not necessarily a bad thing, says Hallowell. “When used properly, worry is an incredible device,” he says. After all, a little healthy worrying is okay if it leads to constructive action—like having a doctor look at that weird spot on your back. Hallowell insists, though, that there’s a right way to worry. “Never do it alone, get the facts and then make a plan.” He says. Most of us have survived a recession, so we’re familiar with the belt-tightening strategies needed to survive a slump. Unfortunately, few of us have much experience dealing with the threat of terrorism, so it’s been difficult to get fact about how we should respond. That’s why Hallowell believes it was okay for people to indulge some extreme worries last fall by asking doctors for Cipro (抗炭疽菌的药物) and buying gas masks. 52. The “so-called fight-or-flight response” (Line 2, Para. 1) refers to “________”. A) the biological process in which human beings’ sense of self-defense evolves B) the instinctive fear human beings feel when faced with potential danger C) the act of evaluating a dangerous situation and making a quick decision D) the elaborate mechanism in the human brain for retrieving information 这是2006年12月的真题 为什么第52题选择C. 请哪位大侠帮解释一下。 |
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mxb1984612
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6楼2010-06-08 22:36:13
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小木虫(金币+0.5):给个红包，谢谢回帖交流
闻筝雪舞(金币+1):感谢应助 2010-06-01 17:08:57
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闻筝雪舞(金币+1):感谢应助 2010-06-01 17:08:57
| 题干想问的核心是response指的是什么，只有C选项解释了中心词response。原文中 reacting to things that can harm us解释了the so-called fight-or-flight response，原文中harm对映C选项中a dangerous situation ，原文中reacting对映C选项中making a quick decision。A把response理解成the biological process，B理解成 the instinctive fear ，D理解成the elaborate mechanism，显然是不对的。 |
2楼2010-06-01 16:45:32
4楼2010-06-02 09:52:24
lilies
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7楼2010-06-08 23:10:14
