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从图1可以看出，ASR在不同的氛围下进行热解、气化、燃烧，其最终的失重率随通入气氛中含氧量的增加而增大，说明通入反应气中氧含量越大，反应进行地越彻底。随氧含量增加，ASR最终失重率从43.4%下降到10.1%。ASR在N2气下失重率为43.4%，则析出的挥发分百分含量为56.6%，与表1中的工业分析ASR的挥发份为52.71%数值相接近。ASR热解气化过程可描述为：温度低于200 ℃时有少量的失重，主要是ASR中水分的析出。虽然ASR组成成分复杂，各组分的热解、气化行为差别较大，但在温度超过200 ℃后，各组分相继开始析出挥发分，主要产物包括各各气态烃类、CO、CO2及H2等。在有氧参与时，当达到着火温度后，挥发分开始与氧气发生气化燃烧反应。由N2条件下的TG曲线可以看出，ASR挥发分析出发生在250-550℃间，残余的半焦在此温度下也开始分解，产生部分焦油和气体。此后ASR热分解残留的固定碳开始与氧气、水蒸气等发生化学反应生成CO、CO2、H2、CH4等气体。整个气化过程在720℃左右完成。 NOX是光化学烟雾的主要成分，是一种重要的环境污染物，也是酸雨的成分并且腐蚀金属。由图8可知，在纯氮气气氛下，由于缺氧，几乎没有NO2生成。由图6、7、8中NH3、HCN和NO2的释放规律来看，在N2条件下，NH3、HCN生成量较大，而NO2几乎为零。在含氧气氛下，在500 ℃后，NH3、HCN出现最大值后，NO2值开始呈上升趋势。这是由于ASR中的氮在燃烧热解的转化过程中随挥发分释放主要为NH3、HCN和少量的HNCO等气态NOX的前驱物、N2、焦油氮和焦炭氮，它们在后续的燃烧中转变为系列NOX。而燃烧过程NOX 的总排放量和其主要前驱物HCN、NH3的释放量有很大关系。ASR在燃烧过程中，首先是小分子挥发份的析出，燃料氮被分解为挥发分氮和焦氮，之后在一系列的氧化-还原反应中以NOX和N2的形式排放。 |
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hecuihuapeng
铁杆木虫 (著名写手)
- 翻译EPI: 10
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xinyi8853(金币+100, 翻译EPI+1): 2010-04-15 10:58
| As shown in Fig. 1, ASR can pyrolysis, gasify and combust in different atmospheres. The final weight-loss ratio increases with increasing level of oxygen flowed into the atmospheres’, which indicates that the more the oxygen is flowed into the reaction gas the more thoroughly the reaction proceeds. As the oxygen content increases, the final weight-loss ratio of ASR declines from 43.4% to 10.1. The weight-loss ratio of ASR in N2 gas is 43.4% and the separation volatile percentage composition is 56.6%, which is similar to the volatile matter of ASR in proximate analysis (shown in table 1, the value is 52.71%). The process of ASR pyrolysis and gasify can be described as follows. There is slight weight-loss when the temperature is below 200℃, which mainly due to the water separation in ASR. Although ASR is complicatedly composed and the pyrolysis and gasify of its each component are obviously different, each component begins to separate volatile matter, which mainly consists gaseous hydrocarbons, CO, CO2, H2 and so on. When oxygen exists and the temperature is enough, volatile matters can carry on the gasify combustion reactor. As is shown in the curve of TG under the N2 circumstances, the volatile matter separated when temperature ranged from 250-550℃ and the residual semi coke begins to decompose to create asphaltum oil and gas under this temperature. From then on, the residual carbon created in the process of ASR decompose begins to react with oxygen and water to create gases, such as CO、CO2、H2、CH4 and so on. And the whole gasification is finished when the temperature reaches approximately 720℃. |
2楼2010-04-12 17:39:11
hecuihuapeng
铁杆木虫 (著名写手)
- 翻译EPI: 10
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- 金币: 7052.2
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| NOX is the principle component of photochemical fog and it is a main environmental pollutant, also is the component of acid rain which corrodes metal. As is shown in Fig 8, in the pure N2 circumstances, no NO2 created due to short of oxygen. In the atmosphere contained oxygen and when the temperature reaches 500℃, NH3 and HCN reaches the maximum, then the value of NO2 begins to ascend. This is mainly because the emissions in the converse process of combustion and decompose of the element of N in ASR are gasier NOX, such as NH3, HCN and HNCO and so on, N2, asphalt oil N and asphalt oil C, which turned into NOX in the subsequence combustion. The total emissions of NOX in the combustion have much to do with the emission quantity of HCN and NH3. in the combustion process of ASR, the micro molecule volatile matter is separated firstly and fuel-nitrogen is decomposed as N and nitrogen compounds, which will be bladed in the form of NOX and N2 in the subsequence series irradiation redox reactions. |
3楼2010-04-12 20:54:36
hecuihuapeng
铁杆木虫 (著名写手)
- 翻译EPI: 10
- 应助: 3 (幼儿园)
- 贵宾: 0.053
- 金币: 7052.2
- 散金: 676
- 红花: 34
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- 帖子: 1241
- 在线: 229.2小时
- 虫号: 952678
- 注册: 2010-02-05
- 专业: 机械动力学
4楼2010-04-12 20:55:32
5楼2010-04-15 10:58:46