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[交流] 【资源】BEC备考前需掌握的基础知识

BEC备考前需掌握的基础知识

　确认您已经熟练掌握一些基础知识，这些内容会在BEC 学习、实际工作和考试中会经常出现。

　　1．数字

　　分为基数词和序数词
　　Cardinal                      Ordinal
　　1 one                         1st first
　　2 two                         2nd second
　　3 three                      3rd third
　　4 four                         4th fourth
　　5 five                         5th fifth
　　6 six                         6th sixth
　　7 seven                      7th seventh
　　8 eight                         8th eighth
　　9 nine                         9th ninth
　　10 ten                         10th tenth
　　11 eleven                      11th eleventh
　　12 twelve                      12th twelfth
　　13.thirteen                      13th thirteenth
　　14 fourteen                      14th fourteenth
　　15 fifteen                      15th fifteenth
　　16 sixteen                      16th sixteenth
　　17 seventeen                      17th seventeenth
　　18 eighteen                      18th eighteenth
　　19 nineteen                      19th nineteenth
　　20 twenty                      20th twentieth
　　21 twenty-one                   21st twenty-first
　　22 twenty-two                   22nd twenty-second
　　30 thirty                         30th thirtieth
　　40 forty                         40th fortieth
　　50 fifty                         50th fiftieth
　　60sixty                         60th sixtieth
　　70seventy                         70th seventieth
　　80eighty                         80th eightieth
　　90ninety                         90th ninetieth
　　100 a hundred                   100th hundredth

　　0    *nought       0 is pronounced nought before a point and oh after a point in
　　British English. It is pronounced zero in US English.
　　100    a hundred
　　1,000 a thousand
　　1,000,000 a million

　　1,000,000,000 a billion (US English)
　　1,000,000,000,000 a billion (British English)
　　In the pass, US and British billions were not the same. But US billions are now often used by British companies and newspapers.

　　Fractions
　　1/4  a quarter 1/3 a third 1/2 a half 4/5  four fifths

　　Decimals
　　0.5 nought point five
　　0.25 nought point two five
　　10.06 ten point oh six
　　27.27 twenty-seven point two seven
　　*Pronounce numbers individually after a decimal point.

　　Telling the time
　　A simple way to tell the time is to say the numbers.
　　10.20 ten twenty                   11.15 eleven fifteen
　　4.45 four forty-five
　　You can say the hours in two ways:
　　9：00  nine or nine o’clock

　　But don’t make this common mistake
　　nine-thirty o’clock----- This is wrong.

　　If you need to be exact you can say: ten a.m. or ten in the morning
　　and ten p.m. or ten at night

　　You can also tell the time in this way:

　　1.00 one o’clock 3.10 ten past three  4.15 a quarter past four  5.30 half past five
　　5.35 twenty-five to six  6.45 a quarter to seven (这种表达时间的方式在口语和考试中经常出现)

　　Days: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

　　Months: January February March April May June July
　　August September October November December

　　Seasons: spring summer autumn (US English: fall) winter

　　Years:  Written             Spoken
　　1992             nineteen ninety-two
　　1066             ten sixty-six
　　1908
　　1900
　　2008
　　Dates:    BE                               AE
　　Spoken The sixteenth of September(16th Sept.)    Sixteenth September
　　September the sixteenth (Sept. 16th)    September sixteenth
　　Written 16(th) September                   16(th) September
　　16/9/98                            9/16/98

　　电话号码表达：62196566  电话号码通常一位一位的读。 double /triple]
　　钱的表达法：￡8.50 eight pounds fifty pence eight pounds fifty
　　eight fifty

　　2. 工作和考试中常见国家、国籍、首都及重大城市名称：

　　亚洲
　　China             Chinese       Beijing
　　Japan             Japanese       Tokyo (Osaka, Yokohama, Kobe)
　　South Korea    South Korean Seoul
　　Thailand          Thai             Bangkok
　　Indonesia          Indonesian       Jakarta
　　Vietnam          Vietnamese       Hanoi
　　Malaysia          Malaysian       Kuala Lumpur
　　Pakistan          Pakistani       Islamabad
　　Philippines          Philippine       Manila
　　Singapore
　　Hong Kong
　　Macao
　　India             Indian          New Delhi(Bombay)

　　欧洲
　　Italy                Italian          Rome
　　Sweden             Swedish          Stockholm
　　Switzerland          Swiss          Geneva
　　Norway             Norwegian       Oslo
　　Finland             Finnish          Helsinki
　　Denmark          Danish          Copenhagen
　　Germany          German          Berlin (Bonn/ Hamburg)
　　France             French          Paris
　　Britain (the UK)    British          London
　　Spain             Spanish          Madrid
　　Russia             Russian          Moscow
　　Austria             Austrian          Vienna
　　Greece             Greek             Athens
　　Poland             Polish             Warsaw

　　美洲
　　The USA          ( North American) Washington(Chicago/New York/San Francisco
　　Seattle/Hawaii / Los Angeles/Detroit/Atlanta
　　Canada             Canadian          Ottawa (Montreal/Vancouver/Toronto)
　　Mexico             Mexican          Mexico City
　　Brazil             Brazilian          Brasilia ( Rio De Janeiro or Rio/Sao Paulo)
　　Argentina          Argentino          Buenos Aires
　　Chile                                  Santiago
　　Peru
      Lima

　　大洋洲
　　Australia       Australian             Canberra (Sydney/Melbourne/Perth)
　　New Zealand    New Zealander          Wellington

　　非洲
　　Egypt       Egyptian                Cairo

　　补充：

　　Middle East: Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Lebanon
　　African States: Kenya, Nigeria（尼日利亚）, South Africa
　　Eastern Europe: Hungary, Czech

　　3．在考试中曾经出现的公司的不同称呼：

　　1 company
　　Our company imports general merchandise.
　　Co.
　　The London Trading Co.
　　Shell Co.
　　limited  Ltd
　　The Beijing Electric Light Company, Ltd.
　　International Trading Co. Ltd.

　　Inc.=Incorporated
　　Oriental Horizons Inc

　　joint venture company
　　joint stock company

　　2  corporation
　　China national export Commodities packing Corporation
　　Corp. American Natural Resources Corp.
　　Limited liability company

　　3  firm
　　We have got no reply from that firm.
　　Generally, firms have two principal sources of investment funds---debt and equity.

　　4  concern
　　firm house company
　　It was then the greatest publishing concern.
　　They are a big concern.
　　A going concern.

　　5  associated company (associate)
　　Our associated company there will have the labels printed to comply with the FDA regulations.
　　Associated Container Line
　　Associated Newspapers

　　6 house
　　She works for a big publishing house.
　　London fashion house

　　7 business
　　Many shipping businesses are facing collapse this year because of uneconomic freight rates.

　　8 line
　　Trans World Airlines

　　9 syndicate

　　10 transnational corporation/multi-national enterprise/international firm

　　11 branch/division

　　12 subsidiary

　　13group

　　14plc=public limited company

　　15state (owned) enterprise Foreign (owned) company  Franchise

　　16 organization

　　4．公司中的各个部门、职位的称呼：

　　Department=Dept. division=section

　　Human Resources:
　　Training: organizes and arranges training courses for the staff
　　Personnel: recruits new employees
　　Wages and Salaries: pays the staff

　　Production (Manufacturing):
　　Production: manufactures(produces) the products
　　Packaging: packs the products and puts them in boxes and crates
　　Distribution: dispatches the products and sends them to the customers
　　Quality Control: checks the quality---organizes control systems to prevent mistakes.
　　Maintenance: services (takes care of ) the machines and equipment.

　　Marketing:
　　Marketing: plans how to sell new products
　　Sales: sells the products to customers
　　After(Post)-Sales Services: is responsible for after after-sales care and looks after customers’
　　problems and complaints
　　Advertising: runs advertising campaigns and places ads in magazines

　　Finance:
　　Purchasing ( Buying): buys (purchases) supplies
　　Customers’ Accounts: sends invoices to customers ( invoices customers)
　　Financial Services: deals with taxation, investment, and cash management.

　　补充部门：
　　Accounting: working out the company’s costs and its profits
　　Administrative (Administration): in charge of the control and direction of affairs of the company
　　Bookkeeping: keeping the accounts of money of business company.
　　Promotion: helping the selling of products
　　Reception: receiving visitors to a hotel or large organization
　　Transportation: carrying goods from one place to another
　　Warehousing: storing the company’s products

　　PR=Public Relations HR=Human Resources  QC=Quality Control
　　IT=Information Technology  R&D=Research and Development
　　Post room    Stationery Dept. Typing pool restroom  Canteen/Cafeteria/Dining hall

　　各种职位：
　　accountant, book keeper, buyer(purchaser), clerk, Finance Manager, secretary ( Company Secretary)
　　Price controller, Production supervisor, quality controller, retail sales manager, receptionist
　　Sales manager/executive/assistant/agent/person/ representative(rep)/coordinator
　　PA=Personal Assistant
　　Rep. = Representative
　　BE: manager Managing Director(MD)/CE    Board of Directors  Chairman
　　AE: Director Chief Executive Officer(CEO)  CFO COO  CKO  President

　　考试中常见的货币符号￥=Japanese Yen  ＄=dollar ￡=pound

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