| ²é¿´: 7834 | »Ø¸´: 26 | ||||||
yucheng9255ľ³æ (ÖøÃûдÊÖ)
|
[½»Á÷]
¡¾·ÖÏí¡¿ÉúÎïÐÅϢѧÓ빦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éѧ ÒÑÓÐ12È˲ÎÓë
|
|
ÄÚÈݼò½é ·¿ª¡¶ÉúÎïÐÅϢѧÓ빦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éѧ¡·£¬Äú½«»áÇé²»×Ô½ûµØ³Á½þÓÚÆäÖС¡¡¶ÉúÎïÐÅϢѧÓ빦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éѧ¡·ÄÚÈÝÈ«Ãæ£¬ºÜºÃµØ½«ÉúÎïÐÅϢѧÓ빦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éѧµÄÀíÂÛºÍʵ¼ùÓ¦ÓýáºÏÆðÀ´£¬·Ç³£ÖØÊÓÉúÎïÐÅϢѧµÄ¾ßÌåÓ¦Óü¼ÇÉ¡£ÁíÍ⣬¡¶ÉúÎïÐÅϢѧÓ빦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éѧ¡·»¹¾ßÓÐÈçÏÂÌØÉ«£º×÷ÕßȨÍþ¡£¡¶ÉúÎïÐÅϢѧÓ빦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éѧ¡·×÷ÕßÊÇ»ôÆÕ½ð˹ҽѧԺ½ÌÊÚ£¬ÔÚ¹ú¼ÊÉÏÓкܸߵÄÉùÓþºÍȨÍþÐÔ¡£Êµ¼ùÐÔÇ¿¡£Ã¿Ò»Õ¶¼ÓÐÎÊÌ⼯¡¢ÓëÉúÎïÐÅϢѧÓйصÄweb²Ù×÷ѵÁ·ÒÔ¼°ÏàÓ¦µÄwebÁ´½Ó£¬»¹ÁгöÁË¿ÉÒÔÃâ·Ñ»ñÈ¡µÄÉúÎïÐÅϢѧÈí¼þºÍ×÷ÕßÍÆ¼öµÄ¶ÁÎï¡£·¶ÀýµäÐÍ¡£ Ŀ¼ µÚ1ƪ Êý¾Ý¿âÖеÄDNA¡¢RNAºÍµ°°×ÖÊÐòÁеķÖÎö µÚ1Õ Ð÷ÑÔ 1.1±¾ÊéµÄ½á¹¹ 1.2ÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ£ºÀ¶Í¼ 1.3Ò»¸ö¹á´©±¾ÊéµÄÀý×Ó£ºÊӻƴ¼½áºÏµ°°× 1.4Õ½ڵÄ×éÖ¯ 1.5¶ÔѧÉúºÍ½ÌʦµÄ½¨Ò飺WebÁ·Ï°ºÍÕÒ»ùÒò 1.6ÖØÒªµÄÉúÎïÐÅÏ¢Ñ§ÍøÖ· 1.7ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ2Õ »ñÈ¡ÐòÁÐÊý¾ÝºÍÎÄÏ×ÐÅÏ¢ 2.1ÉúÎïѧÊý¾Ý¿â½éÉÜ 2.2GenBank£ºÊÕ¼¼¸ºõËùÓÐÒÑÖªµÄºËËáºÍµ°°×ÖÊÐòÁеÄÊý¾Ý¿â 2.2.1ÐòÁÐÊý¾ÝµÄ×ÜÁ¿ 2.2.2GenBankÖеÄÎïÖÖÊý 2.2.3GenBank´æ´¢µÄÊý¾ÝÀàÐÍ 2.2.4±í´ïÐòÁбêÇ© (ESTs) 2.2.5ÐòÁбêǩλµã (STS) 2.2.6»ùÒò×é²âÐòÐòÁÐ (GSSs) 2.2.7¸ßͨÁ¿»ùÒò×éÐòÁÐ (HTGS) 2.3ÃÀ¹ú¹ú¼ÒÉúÎï¼¼ÊõÐÅÏ¢ÖÐÐÄ (NCBI) 2.3.1NCBIµÄ½éÉÜ£ºNCBIµÄÖ÷Ò³ 2.3.2Ë÷ÒýºÅÂ룺ʶ±ðÐòÁеıêÇ© 2.3.3ÎåÖÖ»ñÈ¡DNAºÍµ°°×ÖÊÐòÁеķ½·¨ 2.3.4ÈçºÎ½øÈëÐòÁÐÊý¾ÝµÄÀý×Ó£ºHIV pol 2.3.5»ñÈ¡ÉúÎïҽѧÎÄÏ× 2.4Õ¹Íû 2.5³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 2.6ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 2.7ÌÖÂÛÌâ 2.8ϰÌâ 2.9×Ô²âÌâ 2.10ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ3Õ ˫ÐòÁÐ±È¶Ô 3.1ÒýÑÔ 3.1.1µ°°×ÖʱȶԣºÍ¨³£±ÈDNA±È¶Ô¾ßÓиü·á¸»µÄÐÅÏ¢ 3.1.2ͬԴÐÔ¡¢ÏàËÆÐÔ¡¢Ò»ÖÂÐԵĸÅÄî 3.1.3¼ä϶ 3.1.4Ë«ÐòÁбȶԡ¢Í¬Ô´ºÍÉúÃüµÄ½ø»¯ 3.2DayhoffÄ£ÐÍ£º¿É½ÓÊܵãÍ»±ä 3.2.1PAM1¾ØÕó 3.2.2PAM250ºÍÆäËûPAM¾ØÕó 3.2.3´ÓÍ»±ä¸ÅÂʾØÕóµ½¶ÔÊý±ÈÖµ´ò·Ö¾ØÕó 3.2.4Ë«ÐòÁбȶÔÖÐPAM¾ØÕóµÄʵ¼ÊÓÐÓÃÐÔ 3.2.5PAM¾ØÕóµÄÖØÒªÌæ´úÕߣºBLOSUM´ò·Ö¾ØÕó 3.2.6Ë«ÐòÁбȶԺͼì²âÏÞ¶È 3.3±È¶ÔËã·¨£ºÈ«¾ÖºÍ¾Ö²¿ 3.3.1È«¾ÖÐòÁбȶԣºNeedlemanª²WunschËã·¨ 3.3.2¾Ö²¿ÐòÁбȶԣºSmithª²WatermanËã·¨ 3.3.3Smithª²WatermanËã·¨µÄ¿ìËÙ¡¢Æô·¢Ê½°æ±¾£ºFASTAºÍBLAST 3.3.4¾Ö²¿±È¶ÔËÑË÷¹¤¾ß (BLAST) 3.4Ë«ÐòÁбȶԵÄÏÔÖøÐÔ£ºÒ»ÖÂÐÔ°Ù·Ö±È 3.4.1Ë«ÐòÁбȶÔͳ¼ÆÏÔÖøÐÔ¼ìÑé 3.4.2È«¾Ö±È¶ÔµÄͳ¼ÆÏÔÖøÐÔ 3.4.3¾Ö²¿±È¶ÔµÄͳ¼ÆÏÔÖøÐÔ 3.5Õ¹Íû 3.6³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 3.7ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 3.8ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 3.9ÎÊÌâ 3.10×Ô²âÌâ 3.11ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ4Õ ¾Ö²¿±È¶ÔËÑË÷»ù±¾¹¤¾ßBLAST 4.1ÒýÑÔ 4.2BLASTËÑË÷²½Öè 4.2.1²½Öè1£ºÑ¡¶¨¸ÐÐËȤµÄÐòÁÐ 4.2.2²½Öè2£ºÑ¡ÔñBLAST³ÌÐò 4.2.3²½Öè3£ºÑ¡ÔñÊý¾Ý¿â 4.2.4²½Öè4£ºÑ¡Ôñ²ÎÊý 4.3BLASTË㷨ʹÓþֲ¿±È¶ÔËÑË÷µÄ²ßÂÔ 4.3.1BLASTËã·¨×é³É²¿·Ö£ºÁÐ±í¡¢É¨Ãè¡¢ÑÓÉì 4.3.2BLASTËã·¨£º¾Ö²¿±È¶ÔËÑË÷µÄͳ¼ÆÑ§ºÍ EÖµ 4.3.3ÓñÈÌØ·ÖÊýÀ´ËµÃ÷Ôʼ·ÖÊýµÄÒâÒå 4.3.4BLASTËã·¨£ºEÖµÓë PÖµ¼äµÄ¹ØÏµ 4.3.5BLASTÖеĿÕλ±È¶Ô 4.3.6½«BLASTËÑË÷½øÐе½µ× 4.4BLASTËÑË÷µÄһЩ²ßÂÔ 4.4.1Ò»°ãÐÔ¸ÅÄî 4.4.2BLASTËÑË÷µÄÔÔò 4.5¶à½á¹¹Óòµ°°× (HIVª²1 pol) µÄBLAST¼ìË÷ 4.6BLAST¼ìË÷Ö¬ÖÊÔËÔØµ°°×£º¸Ä±ä´ò·Ö¾ØÕóµÄ×÷Óà 4.7Õ¹Íû 4.8³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 4.9ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 4.10ÌÖÂÛÌâ 4.11ÎÊÌâ 4.12×Ô²âÌâ 4.13ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ5Õ ¸ß¼¶±È¶ÔËÑË÷ 5.1ÒýÑÔ 5.2רÃŵÄBlast±È¶ÔÍøÕ¾ 5.2.1»ùÓÚijЩ¾ßÌåÉúÎïµÄ±È¶ÔÍøÕ¾ 5.2.2ÌØ¶¨·Ö×ӵıȶÔËÑË÷Õ¾µã 5.2.3רÃŵıȶÔËÑË÷·þÎñÆ÷ÒÔ¼°±È¶ÔÏà¹ØµÄËã·¨ 5.3ÔËÓñȶÔÏàËÆµÄ¹¤¾ß¿ìËÙµØËÑË÷»ùÒò×éDNAÐòÁÐ 5.4ѰÕÒÔ¶ÔµÏà¹ØµÄµ°°×ÖÊ£ºÎ»µãÌØÒìÐÔ·´¸´±È¶Ô (PSIª²BLAST) 5.4.1λµãÌØÒìÐÔ·´¸´±È¶ÔµÄ½á¹ûÆÀ¹À 5.4.2λµãÌØÒìÐÔ·´¸´±È¶ÔµÄ´íÎó£ºÆÆ»µµÄÎÊÌâ 5.5ģʽʶ±ðBLAST (PHIª²BLAST) 5.6ÓÃBLASTÀ´·¢ÏÖлùÒò 5.7Õ¹Íû 5.8³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 5.9ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 5.10ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 5.11ÎÊÌâ 5.12×Ô²âÌâ 5.13ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ2ƪ RNAºÍµ°°×ÖʵĻùÒò×é²ã´ÎÉϵķÖÎö µÚ6Õ »ùÒò±í´ïµÄÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ·½·¨ 6.1ÒýÑÔ 6.2mRNA£º»ùÒò±í´ïµÄÑо¿¶ÔÏó 6.3cDNAÎÄ¿âµÄ»ùÒò±í´ï·ÖÎö 6.3.1ÓÃcDNAÎÄ¿â½âÊͱí´ïÊý¾ÝµÄ×¢ÒâÊÂÏî 6.3.2TIGR»ùÒòË÷Òý 6.4»ùÒò±í´ïϵÁзÖÎö 6.5΢ÕóÁУº»ùÒò±í´ïµÄÈ«»ùÒò×é²âÁ¿ 6.5.1µÚÒ»½×¶Î£ºÎ¢ÕóÁеÄʵÑéÉè¼Æ 6.5.2µÚ¶þ½×¶Î£ºRNAµÄÖÆ±¸Óë̽ÕëÖÆ±¸ 6.5.3µÚÈý½×¶Î£º½«±ê¼ÇºóµÄÑù±¾ºÍDNA΢ÕóÁÐÔÓ½» 6.5.4µÚËĽ׶ΣºÍ¼Ïñ·ÖÎö 6.5.5µÚÎå½×¶Î£ºÊý¾Ý·ÖÎö 6.5.6µÚÁù½×¶Î£ºÉúÎïѧ֤ʵ 6.5.7µÚÆß½×¶Î£ºÎ¢ÕóÁÐÊý¾Ý¿â 6.5.8µÚ°Ë½×¶Î£ºÉîÈë·ÖÎö 6.6Õ¹Íû 6.7³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 6.8ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 6.9ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 6.10ϰÌâ 6.11×Ô²âÌâ 6.12ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ7Õ »ùÒò±í´ï£ºÐ¾Æ¬Êý¾Ý·ÖÎö 7.1ÒýÑÔ 7.2оƬÊý¾Ý·ÖÎö£ºÔ¤´¦Àí 7.2.1È«¾Ö¹éÒ»»¯ 7.2.2É¢µã·ÖÎö 7.2.3Êý¾ÝÈ«¾Ö¹éÒ»»¯Öеľֲ¿¹éÒ»»¯ 7.3оƬÊý¾Ý·ÖÎö£ºÍƲâͳ¼ÆÑ§·½·¨ 7.4оƬÊý¾Ý·ÖÎö£º¼ÇÊöͳ¼ÆÑ§·½·¨ 7.4.1оƬÊý¾ÝµÄ²ã¼¶¾ÛÀà·ÖÎö 7.4.2·ÖÀë·½·¨ÓÃÓÚ¾ÛÀࣺk¾ùÖµ¾ÛÀà 7.4.3¾ÛÀà²ßÂÔ£º×Ô×é֯ͼ 7.4.4Ö÷³É·Ö·ÖÎöËã·¨£ºÐ¾Æ¬Êý¾ÝµÄ¹Û²ìËã·¨ 7.4.5¼à¶½Ëã·¨¶ÔоƬʵÑéÖлùÒò»òÑù±¾Êý¾ÝµÄ·ÖÀà 7.4.6оƬÊý¾Ý×¢ÊÍ 7.5Õ¹Íû 7.6³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 7.7ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 7.8ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 7.9ÎÊÌâ 7.10×Ô²âÌâ 7.11ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ8Õ µ°°×ÖÊ·ÖÎöºÍµ°°×ÖÊ×éѧ 8.1ÒýÑÔ 8.2ÈçºÎÈÏʶµ°°×ÖÊ£º´ÓËĸöÊӽǿ´µ°°×ÖÊ 8.2.1ÊÓ½Ç1.½á¹¹ÓòºÍÄ£Ì壺µ°°×ÖʵÄÄ£¿éÐÔÖÊ 8.2.2¶à½á¹¹Óòµ°°×µÄ¸´ÔÓÐÔ 8.2.3µ°°×ÖÊģʽ£ºÄ£Ìå»òµ°°×ÖʵÄÖ¸ÎÆÌØÕ÷ 8.2.4ÊÓ½Ç2.µ°°×ÖʵÄÎïÀíÐÔÖÊ 8.2.5ÊÓ½Ç3ºÍÊÓ½Ç4µÄ½éÉÜ£ºGene Ontologyлá 8.2.6ÊÓ½Ç3.µ°°×Öʶ¨Î» 8.2.7ÊÓ½Ç4.µ°°×ÖʵŦÄÜ 8.3µ°°×ÖÊ×éѧ£º¶Ô¸ßͨÁ¿µ°°×ÖÊÊý¾Ý½øÐзÖÎöµÄÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ¹¤¾ßºÍ·½·¨ 8.3.1¶þάÄý½ºµçÓ¾ 8.3.2Ç׺ͲãÎöºÍÖÊÆ× 8.3.3½Íĸ˫ÔÓ½»ÏµÍ³ 8.3.4Rosetta Stone·½·¨ 8.4·ÖÎöϸ°ûͨ·µÄÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ·½·¨ 8.5Õ¹Íû 8.6³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 8.7ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 8.8ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 8.9ÎÊÌâ 8.10×Ô²âÌâ 8.11ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ9Õ µ°°×Öʽṹ 9.1µ°°×ÖʽṹÓë½á¹¹»ùÒò×éѧ¸ÅÒª 9.1.1µ°°×Öʽṹ£¬Í¬Ô´ºÍ¹¦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éѧ 9.1.2½á¹¹»ùÒò×éѧÌá³öµÄÎÊÌâ£ºÔØÖ¬µ°°×¼Ò×å 9.1.3µ°°×ÖʽṹµÄ»ù±¾ÔÀí£º´ÓÒ»¼¶½á¹¹µ½¶þ¼¶½á¹¹ 9.1.4µ°°×ÖÊÈý¼¶½á¹¹£ºµ°°×ÖÊÕÛµþÎÊÌâ 9.1.5»ñµÃµ°°×ÖʽṹµÄʵÑéÊÖ¶Î 9.1.6Ñ¡ÔñÄ¿±êÓë»ñµÃµ°°×ÖʵÄÈýά¹¹Ïó 9.2PDBÊý¾Ý¿â 9.2.1ÔÚNCBI·ÃÎÊPDB¼Ç¼ 9.2.2µ°°×ÕÛµþÀàÐ͸ſö 9.3ÓÃÓڽṹÑо¿µÄ¼ÆËãÉúÎïѧ·½·¨ 9.3.1ͬԴ (±È½Ï) Ä£½¨ 9.3.2´ÓÍ·Ô¤²â 9.4µ°°×ÖʽṹԤ²âºÍµ°°×ÖÊÕÛµþ¿Õ¼äµÄ½çÏÞ 9.5µ°°×ÖʽṹÓë¼²²¡ 9.6Õ¹Íû 9.7³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 9.8ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 9.9ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 9.10ÎÊÌâ 9.11×Ô²âÌâ 9.12ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ10 Õ¶àÐòÁÐ±È¶Ô 10.1ÒýÑÔ 10.1.1¶àÐòÁбȶԵ͍Òå 10.1.2¶àÐòÁбȶԵĵäÐÍÓ¦ÓúÍʵ¼Ê²ßÂÔ 10.1.3FengºÍDoolittleµÄ½¥½ø±È¶Ô·½·¨ 10.1.4´Ó¶àÐòÁбȶԵ½ÒþÂíÄ£ÐÍ 10.2Á½ÖÖ¶àÐòÁбȶԵijÌÐò 10.2.1¶àÐòÁбȶԵÄÊý¾Ý¿â 10.2.2ÓÉÓû§²úÉúµÄ¶àÐòÁÐ±È¶Ô 10.2.3ÆäËû¶àÐòÁбȶÔÈí¼þ 10.2.4¶àÖØ±È¶ÔËã·¨µÄÆÀ¹À 10.3Õ¹Íû 10.4³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 10.5ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 10.6ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 10.7ÎÊÌâ 10.8×Ô²âÌâ 10.9ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ11Õ ·Ö×ÓˮƽµÄϵͳ·¢ÉúºÍ½ø»¯ 11.1·Ö×ÓˮƽµÄ½ø»¯½éÉÜ 11.1.1ÀúÊ·±³¾° 11.1.2·Ö×ÓʱÖÓ¼Ù˵ 11.1.3·Ö×Ó½ø»¯Öеġ°²»È·¶¨ÐÔÀíÂÛ¡± 11.1.4·Ö×ÓϵͳÑÝ»¯µÄÄ¿±ê 11.2·Ö×Óϵͳ·¢Éú£ºÏµÍ³·¢ÉúÊ÷Ïà¹Ø×¨ÓÃÃû´Ê 11.2.1Ê÷¸ù 11.2.2ö¾ÙÊ÷ 11.2.3ÎïÖÖÊ÷ºÍ»ùÒò/µ°°×ÖÊÊ÷ 11.3ϵͳ·¢Éú·ÖÎöµÄ4¸ö²½Öè 11.3.1µÚÒ»²½£ºÀûÓÃDNA¡¢RNA»òµ°°×ÖÊÐòÁÐÀ´½øÐзÖ×Óϵͳ·¢Éú·ÖÎö 11.3.2µÚ¶þ²½£º¶àÖØÐòÁÐ±È¶Ô 11.3.3µÚÈý²½£º¹¹½¨ÏµÍ³·¢ÉúÊ÷µÄ·½·¨ 11.3.4µÚËIJ½£ºÓÃËæ»ú²âÊÔºÍÒýµ¼¼ì²âµÄ·½·¨ÆÀ¹À½ø»¯Ê÷ 11.4Õ¹Íû 11.5³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 11.6ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 11.7ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 11.8ÎÊÌâ 11.9×Ô²âÌâ 11.10ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ3ƪ »ùÒò×é·ÖÎö µÚ12Õ ȫ»ùÒò×éºÍϵͳ·¢ÉúÊ÷ 12.1ÒýÑÔ 12.2ϵͳ·ÖÀàѧ¼òÊ· 12.3µØÇòÉÏÉúÃüÐÎʽµÄÉúÎ﷢չʷ 12.4ϵͳ·¢ÉúÊ÷µÄ·Ö×ÓÐòÁлù´¡ 12.5ÉúÎïÐÅϢѧÔÚϵͳ·ÖÀàѧÖеĽÇÉ« 12.6»ùÒò×é²âÐò¼Æ»® 12.7»ùÒò×é²âÐò¼Æ»®µÄ¼òÒªÄê±í 12.7.1×ÜÀÀ£º1977Äê¡«ÏÖÔÚ 12.7.2µÚÒ»¸ö²¡¶¾»ùÒò×é (1977Äê) 12.7.3µÚÒ»¸öÕæºËϸ°ûÆ÷»ùÒò×é (1981Äê) 12.7.4µÚÒ»¸öÒ¶ÂÌÌå»ùÒò×é (1986Äê) 12.7.5µÚÒ»¸öÕæºËȾɫÌå (1992Äê) 12.7.6¶ÀÁ¢Éú´æµÄÉúÎïÌåµÄÈ«»ùÒò×é (1995Äê) 12.7.7µÚÒ»¸öÕæºË»ùÒò×é (1996Äê) 12.7.8¸ü¶àµÄϸ¾úºÍ¹Åϸ¾ú (1997Äê) 12.7.9µÚÒ»¸ö¶àϸ°ûÉúÎïµÄ»ùÒò×é (1998Äê) 12.7.10ÈËÀàȾɫÌå (1999Äê) 12.7.11Ó¬¡¢Ö²ÎïºÍÈËÀà21ºÅȾɫÌå (2000Äê) 12.7.12ÈËÀà»ùÒò×éÐòÁеIJÝͼ (2001Äê) 12.7.13»ùÒò×é²âÐòµÄ²»¶ÏÍê³É (2002Äê) 12.8»ùÒò×é·ÖÎö×ÜÀÀ 12.8.1Ñ¡ÔñÓÃÓÚ²âÐòµÄ»ùÒò×é 12.8.2Ó¦µ±¶ÔÎïÖÖµÄÒ»¸ö¡¢¼¸¸ö»¹ÊǶà¸ö¸öÌå²âÐò 12.8.3»ùÒò×龿¾¹Óжà´ó 12.8.4»ùÒò×é²âÐòÖÐÐÄ 12.8.5»ùÒò×é²âÐò£º²ßÂÔ 12.8.6»ùÒò×éÐòÁÐÊý¾Ý£º´ÓδÍê³Éµ½Íê³É 12.8.7Ò»¸ö»ùÒò×éʲôʱºò²âÐòÍê±Ï£¿ 12.8.8»ùÒò×éÐòÁеÄÊý¾Ý²Ö¿â 12.8.9»ùÒò×é×¢½â£º»ùÒò×éDNAµÄÌØÕ÷ 12.8.10¸øÏ¸¾ú»ùÒò×é×ö×¢ÊÍ 12.8.11ÕæºË»ùÒòµÄ×¢ÊÍ 12.8.12×ܽ᣺»ùÒò×é²âÐò¼Æ»®ÖдæÔÚµÄÎÊÌâ 12.9Õ¹Íû 12.10³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 12.11ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 12.12ÎÊÌâ 12.13×Ô²âÌ⠲ο¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ13Õ ÒÑÍê³É²âÐòµÄ»ùÒò×飺²¡¶¾»ùÒò×é 13.1ÒýÑÔ 13.2²¡¶¾µÄ·ÖÀà 13.3ÔËÓÃÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ·½·¨Ñо¿²¡¶¾Ñ§ÎÊÌâ 13.3.1¶àÑùÐԺͲ¡¶¾µÄ½ø»¯ 13.3.2´Óϵͳ·¢Éúµ½»ùÒò±í´ï£ºÔËÓÃÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ·½·¨Ñо¿ðåÕ¶¾ 13.3.3ÔËÓÃÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ·½·¨Ñо¿ÈËÀàÃâÒßȱÏݲ¡¶¾ 13.3.4ÔËÓÃÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ·½·¨Ñо¿HIVª²1 13.3.5Õë¶ÔÂéÕ¶¾µÄÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ·ÖÎö 13.3.6ÆäËûÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ×ÊÔ´ 13.4Õ¹Íû 13.5³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 13.6ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 13.7ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 13.8ÎÊÌâ 13.9×Ô²âÌâ 13.10ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ14Õ ÒÑÍê³É²âÐòµÄ»ùÒò×飺ϸ¾úºÍ¹Åϸ¾ú»ùÒò×é 14.1ÒýÑÔ 14.2¸ù¾ÝÐÎ̬ѧ±ê×¼µÄϸ¾ú·ÖÀà 14.3»ùÓÚ»ùÒò×é´óСºÍÅÅÁеÄϸ¾úºÍ¹Åϸ¾ú·ÖÀà 14.4»ùÓÚÉú»î·½Ê½µÄϸ¾úºÍ¹Åϸ¾ú·ÖÀà 14.5»ùÓÚÓëÈËÀ༲²¡Ïà¹ØµÄϸ¾ú·ÖÀà 14.6»ùÓÚºËÌÇÌåRNAÐòÁеÄϸ¾úºÍ¹Åϸ¾ú·ÖÀà 14.7»ùÓÚÆäËû·Ö×ÓÐòÁеÄϸ¾úºÍ¹Åϸ¾ú·ÖÀà 14.8Ժ˻ùÒò×é·ÖÎö 14.8.1ºËÜÕËá×é³É 14.8.2ѰÕÒ»ùÒò 14.8.3ˮƽ»ùÒò×ªÒÆ 14.8.4×¢ÊÍºÍ±È½Ï 14.9ÔºËÉúÎï»ùÒò×éµÄ±È½Ï 14.9.1COG 14.9.2TaxPlot 14.9.3MUMmer 14.10Õ¹Íû 14.11³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 14.12ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 14.13ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 14.14ÎÊÌâ 14.15×Ô²âÌâ 14.16ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ15ÕÂ ÕæºË»ùÒò×é£ºÕæ¾ú»ùÒò×é 15.1ÒýÑÔ 15.2³öÑ¿½Íĸ½éÉÜ 15.2.1Æ¡¾Æ½Íĸ 15.2.2½Íĸ»ùÒò×é²âÐò 15.2.3³öÑ¿½Íĸ»ùÒò×éµÄÌØÕ÷ 15.2.4̽Ë÷µäÐ͵ĽÍĸȾɫÌå 15.2.5лùÒòµÄ²úÉú£ºÆ¡¾Æ½Íĸ»ùÒò×éµÄ¸´ÖÆ 15.3¹¦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éѧ¼Æ»® 15.3.1ÓÃת×ù×Ó½øÐлùÒòÓ¡¼£ 15.3.2¿ª·¢ÍâԴת×ù×Ó 15.3.3¸ù¾Ý·Ö×ÓÌõÐÎÂë½øÐÐÈ«»ùÒò×鷶ΧµÄɾ³ý 15.4Õæ¾ú»ùÒò×é·ÖÎö 15.4.1ÑÌÇúù 15.4.2°×ÄîÖé¾ú 15.4.3µäÐ͵ÄÕæ¾ú£ºÐ¡æß×Ó¼ÄÉú³æ 15.4.4Âöæß¾ú 15.4.5µÚÒ»¸öµ£×Ó¾ú£º°×¸¯Õæ¾ú 15.4.6ÁÑÖ³½Íĸ 15.5Õ¹Íû 15.6³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 15.7ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 15.8ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 15.9ÎÊÌâ 15.10×Ô²âÌâ 15.11ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ16ÕÂ ÕæºË»ùÒò×飺´Ó¼ÄÉúÉúÎïµ½Á鳤Àà 16.1ÒýÑÔ 16.2ÕæºËÉúÎïµÄÆÕ±éÌØÐÔ 16.2.1ÕæºËÉúÎïÓëÔºËÉúÎïµÄÖ÷Òª²»Í¬ 16.2.2Cֵì¶Ü£ºÎªÊ²Ã´ÕæºË»ùÒò×é´óС²îÒìÈç´ËÖ®´ó 16.2.3Ðí¶àÕæºË»ùÒò×é°üº¬·Ç±àÂëºÍÖØ¸´µÄDNAÐòÁÐ 16.2.4¼ì²âÖØ¸´ÐÔDNAµÄÈí¼þ£ºRepeatMaskerºÍCensor 16.2.5»ùÒòµÄ¶¨Òå 16.2.6ÔÚÕæºË»ùÒò×éÖÐѰÕÒ»ùÒò 16.2.7ÕæºËÉúÎïÖеĵ°°×ÖʱàÂë»ùÒò£ºÐµÄã£ÂÛ 16.2.8ת¼Òò×ÓÊý¾Ý¿âºÍÆäËû»ùÒò×éDNAÊý¾Ý¿â 16.2.9ÕæºË»ùÒò×éÒÔȾɫÌåµÄÐÎʽ×éÖ¯ÆðÀ´ 16.2.10ÕæºËÉúÎïDNA±È½Ï£ºPipMakerºÍVISTA 16.3ÕæºËÉúÎï»ùÒò×é¸öÀý 16.3.1ÒýÑÔ 16.3.2λÓÚÊ÷µ×²ãµÄÔÉúÉúÎï 16.3.3µ¥Ï¸°û²¡ÔÌåµÄ»ùÒò×飺׶Ì峿ºÍÀûʲÂü³æ 16.3.4ű¼²Ö²¡Ì塪¡ªÅ±Ô³æ 16.3.5Ö²Îï»ùÒò×é 16.3.6ºóÉúÉúÎïµÄ×îµ×²ã£ºð¤¾ú 16.3.7ºóÉúÉúÎï¼ò½é 16.3.8¼òµ¥¶¯ÎïµÄ·ÖÎö£ºÐãÀöÒþ¸ËÏß³æ 16.3.9µÚÒ»¸öÀ¥³æ»ùÒò×飺ºÚ¸¹¹ûÓ¬»ùÒò×é 16.3.10µÚ¶þ¸öÀ¥³æ»ùÒò×飺¸Ô±ÈÑÇűÎûùÒò×é 16.3.11ͨÏò¼¹×µ¶¯Îï֮·£ºº£ÇÊ 16.3.12ÓãµÄ»ùÒò×飺ºÓëà 16.3.13·ÖÎö²¸È鶯Îï»ùÒò×飺СÊó»ùÒò×é 16.3.14Á鳤ÀදÎï»ùÒò×é 16.4Õ¹Íû 16.5³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 16.6ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 16.7ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 16.8ÎÊÌâ 16.9×Ô²âÌâ 16.10ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ17Õ ÈËÀà»ùÒò×é 17.1ÒýÑÔ 17.2ÈËÀà»ùÒò×鼯»®µÄÖ÷Òª½áÂÛ 17.3ͨ¹ýÈý¸öÃÅ»§ÍøÕ¾¿É»ñµÃÈËÀà»ùÒò×éÊý¾Ý 17.3.1NCBI 17.3.2Ensembl 17.3.3UCSCÈËÀà»ùÒò×éä¯ÀÀÆ÷ 17.4ÈËÀà»ùÒò×鼯»® 17.4.1ÈËÀà»ùÒò×鼯»®µÄ±³¾° 17.4.2²âÐòÕ½ÂÔ£ºÓ÷ּ¶Äñǹ·¨µÃµ½ÐòÁвÝͼ 17.4.3²âÐòµÄÒ»Ð©ÌØµã 17.4.4ÈËÀà»ùÒò×é¸Åò 17.4.5ÈËÀà»ùÒò×éÖØ¸´ÐòÁеĺ¬Á¿ 17.4.6ÈËÀà»ùÒò×é»ùÒòº¬Á¿ 17.5Õ¹Íû 17.6³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 17.7ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 17.8ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 17.9ÎÊÌâ 17.10×Ô²âÌâ 17.11ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× µÚ18Õ ÈËÀ༲²¡ 18.1ÈËÀàÒÅ´«¼²²¡£ºDNA±äÒìµÄ½á¹û 18.2ÈËÀ༲²¡µÄÉúÎïÐÅϢѧչÍû 18.3Garrod¶Ô¼²²¡µÄ¹Ûµã 18.4¼²²¡µÄÖÖÀà 18.5¼²²¡µÄ·ÖÀà 18.6µ¥»ùÒò¼²²¡ 18.6.1OMIM£ºÓйØÈËÀ༲²¡µÄÖØÒªÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ×ÊÔ´ 18.6.2ÆäËûÖØÒªµÄÈËÀ༲²¡Êý¾Ý¿â 18.6.3Í»±äÊý¾Ý¿â 18.6.4µ¥ºËÜÕËá¶à̬ÐÔ(SNPs)Óë¼²²¡ 18.7¸´ÔÓ¼²²¡ 18.8¼²²¡ÖÐȾɫÌåÒì³£ÐÔ·ÖÎö 18.9ÔÚģʽÉúÎïÖÐÑо¿ºÍѰÕÒÈËÀ༲²¡»ùÒò 18.10ÈËÀ༲²¡Ñо¿×éÖ¯ 18.11¼²²¡»ùÒòµÄ¹¦ÄÜ·ÖÀà 18.12Õ¹Íû 18.13³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 18.14ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´ 18.15ÎÊÌâÌÖÂÛ 18.16ÎÊÌâ 18.17×Ô²âÌâ 18.18ÍÆ¼ö¶ÁÎï ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× ºó¼Ç ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× ¸½Â¼GCGÈí¼þ°ü£ºÓÃÓÚµ°°×ºÍDNA·ÖÎö ÊõÓï±í ×Ô²âÌâ´ð°¸ ¡¡ http://www.163pan.com/files/80z000101.html ÎļþÃû³Æ: ÉúÎïÐÅϢѧ »ùÒò×éѧºÍ¹¦ÄÜ»ùÒò×éѧ.pdf ============================== |
» ÊÕ¼±¾ÌûµÄÌÔÌûר¼ÍƼö
ÊÕ¼¯×ÊÔ´ | ¿ÆÑÐ×ÊÁÏ | ·Ö×ÓÉúÎïѧËѼ¯ |
» ±¾ÌûÒÑ»ñµÃµÄºì»¨£¨×îÐÂ10¶ä£©
» ²ÂÄãϲ»¶
0817 »¯Ñ§¹¤³Ì 299·ÖÇóµ÷¼Á ÓпÆÑоÀú ÓжþÇøÎÄÕÂ
ÒѾÓÐ17È˻ظ´
Ò»Ö¾Ô¸Î人Àí¹¤²ÄÁϹ¤³Ìר˶µ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ5È˻ظ´
0856µ÷¼Á£¬ÊÇѧУ¾ÍÈ¥
ÒѾÓÐ7È˻ظ´
É격26Äê
ÒѾÓÐ3È˻ظ´
Ò»Ö¾Ô¸¼ªÁÖ´óѧ²ÄÁÏѧ˶321Çóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ10È˻ظ´
0703»¯Ñ§µ÷¼Á £¬Áù¼¶Òѹý£¬ÓпÆÑоÀú
ÒѾÓÐ12È˻ظ´
294Çóµ÷¼Á²ÄÁÏÓ뻯¹¤×¨Ë¶
ÒѾÓÐ13È˻ظ´
288Çóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ14È˻ظ´
307Çóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ8È˻ظ´
Ò»Ö¾Ô¸ÄϾ©Àí¹¤´óѧ085701×ÊÔ´Óë»·¾³302·ÖÇóµ÷¼Á
ÒѾÓÐ5È˻ظ´
» ±¾Ö÷ÌâÏà¹ØÉ̼ÒÍÆ¼ö: (ÎÒÒ²ÒªÔÚÕâÀïÍÆ¹ã)
xnbioinfor
ͳæ (СÓÐÃûÆø)
- Ó¦Öú: 0 (Ó×¶ùÔ°)
- ½ð±Ò: 1.2
- É¢½ð: 244
- Ìû×Ó: 255
- ÔÚÏß: 35.9Сʱ
- ³æºÅ: 952726
- ×¢²á: 2010-02-05
- רҵ: ¹ûÊ÷ѧ
2Â¥2010-02-13 20:58:00
![]() лл·ÖÏí |
3Â¥2010-02-14 17:54:13
zycly86
ͳæ (СÓÐÃûÆø)
- Ó¦Öú: 7 (Ó×¶ùÔ°)
- ½ð±Ò: 42.9
- É¢½ð: 302
- ºì»¨: 1
- Ìû×Ó: 259
- ÔÚÏß: 62.3Сʱ
- ³æºÅ: 943260
- ×¢²á: 2010-01-15
4Â¥2010-02-15 09:55:35
|
±¾ÌûÄÚÈݱ»ÆÁ±Î |
5Â¥2010-02-15 10:41:25
qqchencwnu
ÖÁ×ðľ³æ (ÕýʽдÊÖ)
- Ó¦Öú: 0 (Ó×¶ùÔ°)
- ½ð±Ò: 14443.2
- Ìû×Ó: 651
- ÔÚÏß: 60.8Сʱ
- ³æºÅ: 875377
- ×¢²á: 2009-10-17
- ÐÔ±ð: GG
- רҵ: ·Ö×ÓÓë½ø»¯Éú̬ѧ
6Â¥2010-02-16 13:08:17
| лл·ÖÏí£¡ |
7Â¥2010-02-16 23:52:08
ºÃÊé ¶¥ Ò»¸ö
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
8Â¥2010-02-17 00:39:10
wenzhenice
ľ³æ (ÕýʽдÊÖ)
- Ó¦Öú: 0 (Ó×¶ùÔ°)
- ½ð±Ò: 10265.8
- Ìû×Ó: 376
- ÔÚÏß: 47.7Сʱ
- ³æºÅ: 427924
- ×¢²á: 2007-07-30
- רҵ: ¼ÆËã»úÈí¼þ
¡ï
Сľ³æ(½ð±Ò+0.5):¸ø¸öºì°ü£¬Ð»Ð»»ØÌû½»Á÷
Сľ³æ(½ð±Ò+0.5):¸ø¸öºì°ü£¬Ð»Ð»»ØÌû½»Á÷
| its great for sharing this useful book for us!!! |
9Â¥2010-02-17 02:07:51
Äç°®Ö®ºó
ͳæ (³õÈëÎÄ̳)
- Ó¦Öú: 0 (Ó×¶ùÔ°)
- ½ð±Ò: 101.1
- ºì»¨: 1
- Ìû×Ó: 38
- ÔÚÏß: 7.2Сʱ
- ³æºÅ: 930822
- ×¢²á: 2009-12-19
- ÐÔ±ð: MM
- רҵ: Ö²ÎïÒÅ´«Ñ§

10Â¥2010-02-18 10:03:05













»Ø¸´´ËÂ¥
ymzfeng
