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[资源] 【资源】高分子实验物理巨著Methods of Experimental Physics_Polymers

1980年的一本老书，希望对大家有所帮助。

Methods of Experimental Physics Vol. 16 Polymers Part A, B, C

Part A: Molecular Structure and Dynamics

1. Introduction
1.1. Historic Development
1.2. Definitions
1.3. Formation and Conformation
1.4. The Solid State
1.4.1. Amorphous Polymers
1.4.2. Crystalline Polymers
1.5. Orientation
1.6. Impurities

2. Polymer Molecular Weights
2.1. Definitions of Molecular Weight
2.1.1. Introduction
2.1.2. The Moments of Molecular Weight
2.2. Intensive Properties of Polymers
2.2.1. Solution Viscosity
2.2.2. Colligative Properties
2.2.3. Light Scattering
2.3. Fractionation
2.3.1. Introduction
2.3.2. Polydispersity and Fractionation
2.3.3. Fractionation Techniques
2.4. Gel Permeation Chromatography
2.4.1. Introduction
2.4.2. Theory of Separation
2.4.3. Instrumentation and Operation
2.4.4. Molecular Weight Evaluations
2.4.5. Applications
2.4.6. Conclusions
2.5. Miscellaneous Methods
2.5.1. Sedimentation Analysis
2.5.2. End-Group Analysis

3 . Spectroscopic Methods
3.1. Infrared and Raman Spectra of Polymers
3.1.1. Introduction
3.1.2. Experimental
3.1.3. Vibrational Theory for Molecules
3.1.4. Vibrations of a Periodic Chain Molecule
3.1.6. Disordered Polymer Systems
3.1.5. Ordered Polymer Systems
3.2. Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy
3.2.1. Introduction
3.2.2. Experimental Methods
3.2.3. Experimental Results
3.2.4. Theory
3.2.5. Applications
3.2.6. Summary
3.3. Rayleigh-Brillouin Scattering in Polymers
3.3.1. Introduction
3.3.2. Theory
3.3.3. Experimental
3.3.4. Applications
3.4. Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy
3.4.1. Introduction
3.4.2. Basic Principles
3.4.3. Experimental Techniques
3.4.4. Selected Applications
3.4.5. Prospects and Perspectives

4 . High-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
4.1. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
4.1.1. Introduction
4.1.2. The NMR Experiment
4.1.3. NMR Parameters
4.1.4. Experimental Methods and Instrumentation
4.1.5. Measurement of NMR Parameters
4.2. HR-NMR as a Probe of Polymer Structure
4.2.1. Polymerization Mechanism
4.2.2. Polymer Chain Stereochemistry
4.2.3. Copolymer Sequence Distribution
4.2.4. Polymer Chain Conformation
4.3. HR-NMR as a Probe of Polymer Molecular Dynamics
4.3.1. Chain Segmental Motion
4.3.2. Sidechain Reorientational Motions
4.3.3. Distribution of Correlation Times
4.3.4. Other Nuclei
4.4. HR-NMR of the Solid State
4.4.1. The Resolution Problem: Sources of Line-Broadening and Methods for Their Removal
4.4.2. The Sensitivity Problem
4.4.3. Experimental Implementation of DD/CP/MAS
4.4.4. Applications of I3C NMR to the Solid State of Macromolecules
4.5. Summary

5 . Probe and Label Techniques
5.1. Positron Annihilation
5.1.1. Introduction
5.1.2. Positrons and Positronium
5.1.3. Theoretical Considerations
5.1.4. Experimental Techniques
5.1.5. Methods of Data Analysis
5.1.6. The Positron and Positronium in Polymers
5.1.7. Conclusion
5.2. Fluorescence Probe Methods
5.2.1. Introduction
5.2.2. The Fluorescence Phenomenon
5.2.3. Fluorescence Quenching Techniques
5.2.4. Fluorescence Polarization Techniques
5.2.5. Energy Transfer Probes
5.2.6. Probe Selection
5.2.7. Instrumentation
5.3. Paramagnetic Probe Techniques
5.3.1. ESR Spectroscopy-Theory
5.3.2. ESR Spectroscopy-Instrumentation
5.3.3. Paramagnetic Probes
5.3.4. Spin-Probe and Spin-Label Applications to Synthetic Polymers
5.4. Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
5.4.1. Introduction
5.4.2. Elastic Neutron Scattering Cross Section at Small Angles
5.4.3. SANS Spectrometer Design
5.4.4. Experimental Results

Part B: Crystal Structure and Morphology

6. X-Ray Diffraction
6.1. Unit Cell and Crystallinity
6.1.1. Introduction
6.1.2. Basic Crystallography
6.1.3. Diffraction Theory
6.1.4. Experimental Techniques
6.1.5. Crystal Structure Determination
6.1.6. Disorder in Crystalline Polymers
6.1.7. Measurement of Crystallinity by X-Ray Diffraction
6.2. Crystallite Size and Lamellar Thickness
6.2.1. Introduction
6.2.2. Crystallite Size by Wide-Angle Techniques
6.2.3. Lamellar Thickness Using Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS)
6.2.4. Summary

7 . Electron Microscopy
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Fundamentals
7.2.1. Particle-Wave Concept
7.2.2. Image Formation
7.2.3. Image Interpretation
7.3. Electron Optics
7.3.1. Lens Theory
7.3.2. The Ideal Lens
7.3.3. Image-Degrading Factors
7.4. The Instrument
7.4.1. The Illuminating System
7.4.2. The Specimen Holder
7.4.3. The Objective Lens
7.4.4. The Projection System
7.5. Operational Considerations
7.5.1. Specimen Preparation
7.5.2. Focusing
7.5.3. Resolution
7.5.4. Magnification Calibration
7.6. Other Microscopy Techniques
7.6.1. Small-Angle Electron Diffraction
7.6.2. Stereomicrography
7.6.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy
7.6.3. Topographical Contrast Imaging
7.6.5. Scanning-Transmission Electron Microscopy .
7.6.6. Low-Loss Electron Microscopy
7.7. Applications
7.7.1. Single Molecules
7.7.2. Polymer Single Crystals
7.7.3. Melt-Crystallized Polymers
7.7.4. Oriented Polymers

8 . Chemical Methods in Polymer Physics
8.1. Disorder in Polymer Crystals and Chemical Methods .
8.2. Solvent-Etching
8.3. Plasma-Etching
8.4. The Surface Modification Techniques
8.4.1. Halogenation
8.4.2. Dehydrohalogenation of Poly(viny1idene Chloride)
8.4.3. Methoxymethylation of Polyamides
8.4.4. Acylation of Polystyrene
8.5. The Surface Degradation Techniques
8.5.1. Selective Degradation Reagents
8.5.2. Nitric Acid Degradation
8.5.3. Ozone Degradation
8.5.4. Deduction of Crystal Morphology
8.5.5. Location of Unsaturation and Branches
8.5.6. A Test for Random Attack
8.5.7. Preparation of Low-Molecular-Weight Fractions for GPC
8.5.8. Hydrolysis
8.5.9. Degradation by a Mixture of Potassium Permanganate and Sulfuric Acid
8.5.10. Hydrazinolysis of Polyamides
8.6. Irradiation and Selective Degradation
8.6.1. Radiation-Induced Chemical Changes
8.6.2. Location of the Chemical Changes

9 . Thermal Analysis of Polymers
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Instrumentation and Method
9.3. Theory
9.4. Basic Factors Affecting the DTA/DSC Curve
9.4.1. Instrumental Factors
9.4.2. Sample Factors
9.4.3. Reference Material
9.5. Melting Behavior of Polymers
9.5.1. Introduction
9.5.2. Dependence of Melting on Crystallization Conditions
9.5.3. Dependence of Melting on Molecular Weight and Molecular-Weight Distribution
9.5.4. Annealing
9.5.5. Effect of Heating Rate on Polymer Melting .
9.5.6. Multiple Melting Peaks
9.5.7. Dried and Suspension Crystals
9.5.8. The “True” Melting Point
9.6. Quantitative Methods
9.7. Other Applications
9.7.1. Phase Changes
9.7.2. Glass Transition
9.7.3. Polymerization
9.7.4. Identification
9.7.5. Polymer Reactions
9.7.6. Crystallization
9.8. Summary

10 . Nucleation and Crystallization
10.1 Introduction
10.1.1. Aims and Objectives
10.2 General Background on Semicrystalline Polymers
10.2.1. Requirements for Crystallization
10.2.2. Historical Development
10.3 Experimental Methods for Measuring Crystallization Rates
10.3.1. General Considerations
10.3.2. Methods Using a Thin-Film-Type Specimen
10.3.3. Methods Using a Bulk-Type Specimen
10.3.4. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) as Applied to the Determination of Tm0
10.3.5. Crystallization from Solution
10.4 Nucleation
10.4.1. Homogeneous Nucleation
10.4.2. Heterogeneous Nucleation

Part C: Physical Properties

11. Viscoelastic and Steady-State Rheological Response
11.0. Introduction 1
11.1. Linear Viscoelastic Behavior 3
11.1.1. Definitions and Background 3
11.1.2. Instrumentation 21
11.2. Steady-State Response 44
11.2.1. Practical Solids 44
11.2.2. Viscoelastic Liquids 45
11.3. Nonlinear Viscoelastic Behavior 46
11.3.1. Nonlinear Steady-State Behavior of Viscoelastic Liquids 47
11.3.2. Nonlinear Transient and Dynamic Properties . 49
11.4. Pressure Effects on Viscoelastic Behavior 51
11.5. Sample Handling 52
11.5.1. Molding 52
11.5.2. Solution Mixing 56
11.5.3. Molecular Weight Blending 57
11.5.4. Film Casting 57

12. Further Mechanical Techniques
12.1. Ultrasonic Measurements
12.1.1. Introduction 59
12.1.2 . Immersion Apparatus 60
12.1.3. Other Experimental Techniques 75
12.1.4. Molecular Interpretation 79
12.1.5. Conclusions 89
12.2. Static High-Pressure Measurements on Polymers
12.2.1. Introduction 91
12.2.2. Types of Equipment 92
12.2.3. Response of Polymers to Static High Pressure
12.3. Stress-Strain Yield Testing of Solid Polymers
12.3.1. Introduction
12.3.2. Definitions
12.3.3. Methods for Measuring Strain
12.3.4. Test Method
12.3.5. Significance of Results

13 . Production and Measurement of Orientation
13.1. Introduction
13.2. The Production of Orientation
13.3. Description of Orientation
13.4. Measurement of Orientation
13.4.1. Wide-Angle X-Ray Diffraction
13.4.2. Birefringence
13.4.3. Sonic Modulus
13.4.4. Infrared Dichroism
13.4.5. Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering

14 . ESR Study of Polymer Fracture
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Basic Theory and Experimental Techniques
14.2.1. Principle of ESR Method
14.2.2. Radical Concentration
14.2.3. System for Observing Mechanically Generated Radicals
14.3. Radical Formation by Mechanical Fracture of Polymers
14.3.1, Radical Species
14.3.2. Reaction and Location of Radicals
14.3.3. Radical Concentration and Fracture Surface
14.4. Radical Formation during Tensile Deformation and Fracture of Oriented Crystalline Polymers
14.4.1. Radical Species
14.4.2. Reactivity and Location of Radicals
14.4.3. Radical Concentration
14.4.4. Constant-Rate and Stepwise Stretching
14.4.5. Effects of Temperature and Heat-Treatment .
14.4.6. Effects of Strain Rate and Cyclic Loading
14.5. Fracture in Elastomers
14.5.1, Ozone-Stress Cracking
14.5.2. Low-Temperature Deformation of Preoriented Rubbers and Granular Filled Rubbers
14.6. Molecular Mechanism of Deformation and Fracture of Polymers
14.6.1. Some Models of Polymer Fracture and Polymer Morphology
14.6.2. Molecular Models of Deformation and Fracture Mainly Based on ESR Results
14.7. Limitations of ESR Method and Comparison with Associated Studies
14.7.1. Problems in ESR Investigations
14.7.2. Other Methods for Studying Micromechanism of Polymer Deformation and Fracture
15 . Methods by Studying Crazing
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Structure
15.2.2. Electron Microscopy
15.2.3. The Stress Field
15.3. Initiation and Growth
15.3.1. Stress Criteria for Initiation
15.3.2. Growth of Crazes
15.4. Environmental Effects in Liquids and Gases
15.5. Relationship of Crazing to Macroscopic Mechanical Behavior
15.5.1. The Stress-Strain Curve
15.5.2. Creep
15.5.3. The Size Effect
15.5.4. Shear Flow and Crazing
15.5.5. Fracture
15.5.6. High-Impact-Strength Polymers

16 . Polymeric Alloys
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Thermodynamics
16.2.1. Polymer Mixtures
16.2.2. Block Copolymers
16.2.3. Polymer-Polymer Interphase
16.2.4. Segmental Polymer-Polymer Interaction Parameter
16.3. Direct Observation
16.3.1. Visual Observation
16.3.2. Optical Microscopy
16.3.3. Electron Microscopy
16.4. Scattering Techniques
16.4.1. Small-Angle Light Scattering (SALS)
16.4.2. Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS)
16.4.3. Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS)
16.5. Glass Transition Temperature Measurements
16.5.1. Tg of Mixtures of Polymers
16.5.2. TB of Block Copolymers
16.6. Conclusion

17 . Permeation. Diffusion. and Sorption of Gases and Vapors
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Historical Perspective
17.2.2. Experimental Methods
17.2.1. Theory
17.3. Phenomenology
17.3.1. Correlation and Estimation of Transport and Solubility Coefficients
17.3.2. Effects of Polymer Composition and Morphology on Transport Rates
17.3.3. Transport of Water Vapor
17.3.4. Concentration-Dependent Fickian Diffusion in Rubbery Polymers
17.3.5. Dual-Mode Sorption and Diffusion in Glassy Polymers
17.3.6. Anomalous Transport of Vapors in Glassy Polymers
17.3.7. Two-Stage Sorption of Swelling Penetrants in Glassy Polymers
17.4. Categories of Experimental Methods
17.5. Pressure Measurement and Temperature Control
17.6. Sorption Methods
17.6.1. Experiments and Data
17.6.2. Calculations
17.6.3. Experimental Methods
17.7. Integral Permeation (Closed Receiving Volume) Methods
17.7.1. Experiments and Data
17.7.2. Calculations
17.7.3. Experimental Methods
17.8. Differential Permeation and Weighing Cup (Open Receiving Volume) Methods
17.8.1. Experiments and Data
17.8.2. Calculations
17.8.3. Experimental Methods
17.9. Sources and Minimization of Errors
17.9.1. Operating Procedures
17.9.2. Data Analysis
17.9.3. System Dynamics

18 . Electrical Methods
18.1. Dielectric Constant and Loss
18.1.1. Introduction
18.1.2. Phenomenology of Dielectrics
18.1.3. Experimental Procedures
18.2. Static Electricity
18.2.1. Introduction
18.2.2. Methods of Measuring Charge
18.2.3. Contact Electrification
18.2.4. Radiation Charging
18.2.5. Charge Migration
18.3. Electric Breakdown
18.3.1. Introduction
18.3.2. Mechanisms of Breakdown
18.3.3. Specimen Preparation
18.3.4. Experimental Methods
18.3.5. High-Field Conduction

下载链接：

Part A: Molecular Structure and Dynamics
http://ifile.it/5vus61b/___5_experimental_physics.rar
Part B: Crystal Structure and Morphology
http://ifile.it/5cezlg6/2_Polymers__Part_B1.rar
Part C: Physical Properties
http://ifile.it/ykloqma/0.rar

[ Last edited by zs85627 on 2010-2-12 at 23:22 ]

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