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ÓйطÖÊýºÍСÊý proper fraction Õæ·ÖÊý improper fraction ¼Ù·ÖÊý mixed number ´ø·ÖÊý vulgar fraction£¬common fraction ÆÕͨ·ÖÊý simple fraction ¼ò·ÖÊý complex fraction ·±·ÖÊý numerator ·Ö×Ó denominator ·Öĸ (least) common denominator £¨×îС£©¹«·Öĸ quarter ËÄ·ÖÖ®Ò» decimal fraction ´¿Ð¡Êý infinite decimal ÎÞÇîСÊý recurring decimal Ñ»·Ð¡Êý tenths unit Ê®·Öλ 5. »ù±¾Êýѧ¸ÅÄî arithmetic mean ËãÊõƽ¾ùÖµ weighted average ¼ÓȨƽ¾ùÖµ geometric mean ¼¸ºÎƽ¾ùÊý exponent Ö¸Êý£¬ÃÝ base ³ËÃݵĵ×Êý,µ×±ß cube Á¢·½Êý£¬Á¢·½Ìå square root ƽ·½¸ù cube root Á¢·½¸ù common logarithm ³£ÓöÔÊý digit Êý×Ö constant ³£Êý variable ±äÁ¿ inverse function ·´º¯Êý complementary function ÓຯÊý linear Ò»´ÎµÄ£¬ÏßÐ﵀ factorization Òòʽ·Ö½â absolute value ¾ø¶ÔÖµ£¬e.g.£ü-32£ü=32 round off ËÄÉáÎåÈë 6. ÓйØÊýÂÛ natural number ×ÔÈ»Êý positive number ÕýÊý negative number ¸ºÊý odd integer, odd number ÆæÊý even integer, even number żÊý integer, whole number ÕûÊý positive whole number ÕýÕûÊý negative whole number ¸ºÕûÊý consecutive number Á¬ÐøÕûÊý real number, rational number ʵÊý,ÓÐÀíÊý irrational£¨number£©ÎÞÀíÊý inverse µ¹Êý composite number ºÏÊý e.g. 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15¡¡ prime number ÖÊÊý e.g. 2,3,5,7,11,13,15¡¡ ¡¡×¢Ò⣺ËùÓеÄÖÊÊý(2³ýÍâ)¶¼ÊÇÆæÊý£¬µ«ÆæÊý²»Ò»¶¨ÊÇÖÊÊý reciprocal µ¹Êý common divisor ¹«Ô¼Êý multiple ±¶Êý (least)common multiple (×îС)¹«±¶Êý (prime) factor (ÖÊ)Òò×Ó common factor ¹«Òò×Ó ordinary scale, decimal scale Ê®½øÖÆ nonnegative ·Ç¸ºµÄ tens ʮλ units ¸öλ mode ÖÚÊý median ÖÐÊý common ratio ¹«±È 7. ÊýÁÐ arithmetic progression(sequence) µÈ²îÊýÁÐ geometric progression(sequence) µÈ±ÈÊýÁÐ 8. ÆäËü approximate ½üËÆ (anti)clockwise (Äæ) ˳ʱÕë·½Ïò cardinal »ùÊý ordinal ÐòÊý direct proportion Õý±È distinct ²»Í¬µÄ estimation ¹À¼Æ£¬½üËÆ parentheses À¨ºÅ proportion ±ÈÀý permutation ÅÅÁÐ combination ×éºÏ table ±í¸ñ trigonometric function Èý½Çº¯Êý unit µ¥Î»,λ ¼¸ºÎ²¿·Ö 1. ËùÓÐµÄ½Ç alternate angle ÄÚ´í½Ç corresponding angle ͬλ½Ç vertical angle ¶Ô¶¥½Ç central angle Ô²ÐÄ½Ç interior angle ÄÚ½Ç exterior angle Íâ½Ç supplementary angles ²¹½Ç complementary angle Óà½Ç adjacent angle ÁÚ½Ç acute angle Èñ½Ç obtuse angle ¶Û½Ç right angle Ö±½Ç round angle ÖÜ½Ç straight angle ƽ½Ç included angle ¼Ð½Ç 2. ËùÓеÄÈý½ÇÐÎ equilateral triangle µÈ±ßÈý½ÇÐÎ scalene triangle ²»µÈ±ßÈý½ÇÐÎ isosceles triangle µÈÑüÈý½ÇÐÎ right triangle Ö±½ÇÈý½ÇÐÎ oblique бÈý½ÇÐÎ inscribed triangle ÄÚ½ÓÈý½ÇÐÎ 3. ÓйØÊÕÁ²µÄÆ½ÃæÍ¼ÐΣ¬³ýÈý½ÇÐÎÍâ semicircle °ëÔ² concentric circles ͬÐÄÔ² quadrilateral ËıßÐÎ pentagon Îå±ßÐÎ hexagon Áù±ßÐÎ heptagon Æß±ßÐÎ octagon °Ë±ßÐÎ nonagon ¾Å±ßÐÎ decagon Ê®±ßÐÎ polygon ¶à±ßÐÎ parallelogram ƽÐÐËıßÐÎ equilateral µÈ±ßÐÎ plane Æ½Ãæ square Õý·½ÐΣ¬Æ½·½ rectangle ³¤·½ÐÎ regular polygon Õý¶à±ßÐÎ rhombus ÁâÐÎ trapezoid ÌÝÐÎ 4. ÆäËüÆ½ÃæÍ¼ÐÎ arc »¡ line, straight line Ö±Ïß line segment Ïß¶Î parallel lines ƽÐÐÏß segment of a circle »¡ÐÎ 5. ÓйØÁ¢ÌåͼÐÎ cube Á¢·½Ì壬Á¢·½Êý rectangular solid ³¤·½Ìå regular solid/regular polyhedron Õý¶àÃæÌå circular cylinder Ô²ÖùÌå cone Ô²×¶ sphere ÇòÌå solid Á¢ÌåµÄ 6. ÓйØÍ¼ÐÎÉϵĸ½ÊôÎï altitude ¸ß depth Éî¶È side ±ß³¤ circumference, perimeter Öܳ¤ radian »¡¶È surface area ±íÃæ»ý volume Ìå»ý arm Ö±½ÇÈý½ÇÐÎµÄ¹É cross section ºá½ØÃæ center of a circle Ô²ÐÄ chord ÏÒ radius °ë¾¶ angle bisector ½Çƽ·ÖÏß diagonal ¶Ô½ÇÏß diameter Ö±¾¶ edge Àâ face of a solid Á¢ÌåµÄÃæ hypotenuse б±ß included side ¼Ð±ß leg Èý½ÇÐεÄÖ±½Ç±ß median of a triangle Èý½ÇÐεÄÖÐÏß base µ×±ß£¬µ×Êý£¨e.g. 2µÄ5´Î·½£¬2¾ÍÊǵ×Êý£© opposite Ö±½ÇÈý½ÇÐÎÖÐµÄ¶Ô±ß midpoint Öеã endpoint ¶Ëµã vertex (¸´ÊýÐÎʽvertices)¶¥µã tangent ÇÐÏßµÄ transversal ½ØÏß intercept ½Ø¾à 7. ÓйØ×ø±ê coordinate system ×ø±êϵ rectangular coordinate Ö±½Ç×ø±êϵ origin Ե㡡abscissa ºá×ø±ê ordinate ×Ý×ø±ê number line ÊýÖá quadrant ÏóÏÞ slope бÂÊ complex plane ¸´Æ½Ãæ 8. ÆäËü plane geometry Æ½Ãæ¼¸ºÎ trigonometry Èý½Çѧ bisect ƽ·Ö circumscribe ÍâÇÐ inscribe ÄÚÇÐ intersect Ïཻ perpendicular ´¹Ö± pythagorean theorem ¹´¹É¶¨Àí congruent È«µÈµÄ multilateral ¶à±ßµÄ Ó¦ÓÃÌâ 1. µ¥Î»Àà cent ÃÀ·Ö penny Ò»ÃÀ·ÖÓ²±Ò nickel 5ÃÀ·ÖÓ²±Ò dime Ò»½ÇÓ²±Ò dozen ´ò£¨12¸ö£© score Ø¥(20¸ö) Centigrade ÉãÊÏ Fahrenheit »ªÊÏ quart ¿äÍÑ gallon ¼ÓÂØ(1 gallon = 4 quart) yard Âë meter Ã× micron ΢Ã× inch Ó¢´ç foot Ó¢³ß minute ·Ö(½Ç¶ÈµÄ¶ÈÁ¿µ¥Î»£¬60·Ö=1¶È) square measure ƽ·½µ¥Î»ÖÆ cubic meter Á¢·½Ã× pint Æ·ÍÑ(¸ÉÁ¿»òÒºÁ¿µÄµ¥Î») 2. ÓйØÎÄ×ÖÐðÊöÌ⣬Ö÷ÒªÊÇÓйØÉÌÒµ intercalary year(leap year) ÈòÄê(366Ìì) common year ƽÄê(365Ìì) depreciation ÕÛ¾É down payment Ö±½Ó¸¶¿î discount ´òÕÛ margin ÀûÈó profit ÀûÈó interest ÀûÏ¢ simple interest µ¥Àû compounded interest ¸´Àû dividend ºìÀû decrease to ¼õÉÙµ½ decrease by ¼õÉÙÁË increase to Ôö¼Óµ½ increase by Ôö¼ÓÁË denote ±íʾ list price ±ê¼Û markup ÕÇ¼Û per capita ÿÈË ratio ±ÈÂÊ retail price ÁãÊÛ¼Û tie ´òƽ ![]() |
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