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小木虫论坛-学术科研互动平台» 学术交流区» 论文翻译 » 论文翻译求助完结子版 » 求助翻译
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cheungsober

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[交流] 求助翻译

谢绝软件翻译

在世界上许多地区，氟中毒是严重的公共卫生问题。在我国已经被列入国家重点防治的地方病。地方性氟中毒以氟元素在骨组织的异常蓄积导致骨转换增强为特征，主要表现为氟斑牙和氟骨病．目前，氟骨症的发病机制还不十分明确。


MCM3蛋白涉及细胞的分裂周期，是细胞增殖的敏感标志分子[1]。低剂量的激光照射可以引起体外培养的鼠成骨细胞MC3T3-E1中MCM3 mRNA的表达上调而使DNA的复制增强[2]。很多研究者[3-6]发现染氟的成骨细胞内质网肿胀，且存在蛋白质合成障碍，国内已有学者用用蛋白质组学技术发现染氟成骨细胞与蛋白折叠密切相关的分子伴侣热休克蛋白70(HSP70)和蛋白质二硫键异构酶(PDI)等表达增多[7]。而它们都与细胞内蛋白质的氧化折叠有关，是内质网应激反应（endoplastic reticulum stress，ERS）中的信号分子。内质网应激以内质网分子伴侣(BIP，又名GRP78)等表达增多和内质网应激特异的转录因子CHOP(又名GADDl53)表达明显上调为主要特征[8]。而Hamamura等[9]的研究指出内质网应激对成骨细胞具有双向刺激作用，即短时间内促进成骨细胞的增殖和促进runx2/osterix，胶原Ⅰ表达上调，而长时间抑制成骨细胞的生长，使成骨细胞runx2/osterix，胶原Ⅰ表达下调，显然MCM3、内质网应激均可调节成骨细胞的生长。成骨细胞功能活跃(成骨细胞增生、肥大和活跃成骨)在氟骨症病变中是一个发生较早、并起主导作用的环节[10]。

钟近洁等[11,12] 利用荧光定量PCR和免疫组织化学法发现氟作用于成骨细胞后可以影响MCM3的基因表达，氟对于MCM3在成骨细胞中的表达有刺激增强的作用，显示出可能具有诊断价值，为此需要对其进行蛋白水平的验证。基于以上研究，提出假设:成骨细胞染氟后内质网应激可能与MCM3有联系，共同调节成骨细胞的增殖。并且目前对于氟能否单独引起成骨细胞的内质网应激，尚未见报道。本研究以体外染氟模型，验证MCM3的同时检测了内质网应激相关基因Bip，Xbp-1，CHOP和MCM3基因在成骨细胞的蛋白表达情况，对二者的表达特点和相互关系进行初步研究

[ Last edited by cheungsober on 2009-12-9 at 10:11 ]
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1楼 2009-12-09 10:10:53
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goodtimega

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cheungsober(金币+20,VIP+0):谢谢，帮助 12-9 11:34
Fluoride poisoning presents a serious public health problem in many regions. The prevention and treatment of endemic diseases has been the national thrust. Endemic fluorosis to fluoride elements in the abnormal accumulation of bone tissue leads to increased bone turnover characterized mainly for dental fluorosis and fluoride bone disease. Currently, the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis is not fully understood.
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2楼2009-12-09 10:25:19
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goodtimega

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cheungsober(金币+30,VIP+0):谢谢，你的英语是怎么练出来的 12-9 11:36
MCM3 proteins involve in cell division cycle and cell proliferation is sensitive to molecular signature [1]. Low doses of laser irradiation can result in vitro rat osteoblast MC3T3-E1 in the increase of the expression of MCM3 mRNA and the Ershi DNA replication [2]. Researchers [3-6] have found that osteoblasts exposed to fluoride endoplasmic reticulum swelling are resistant to protein synthesis. Local scholars have found that by using proteomics technology osteoblasts exposed to fluoride are closely related to protein folding and molecular chaperones such as heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) with increased expression [7]. They are related to the oxidation of intracellular protein folding, an endoplasmic reticulum stress response (endoplastic reticulum stress, ERS) of the signal molecule. Within the endoplasmic reticulum stress the endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperone (BIP, also known as GRP78) and other expression increase.  The endoplasmic reticulum stress-specific transcription factor CHOP (also known as GADDl53) notably up-regulates expression of the main features [8]. In this regard, Hamamura et al [9] indicated that endoplasmic reticulum stress on osteoblast bi-directional stimulus.  Short period of time can promote osteoblast proliferation and the promotion of runx2/osterix with increased expression of collagen Ⅰ.  As the long one inhibits osteoblast cell growth, osteoblasts runx2/osterix decrease expression of collagen I.  Obviously in MCM3, endoplasmic reticulum stress can regulate osteoblast growth. Active function of osteoblasts (bone cell proliferation, hypertrophy, and active osteoblasts) in the skeletal fluorosis is a disease than happens at early stage, and plays an important role in the link [10].
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3楼2009-12-09 10:32:46
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goodtimega

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cheungsober(金币+1,VIP+0):谢谢，唉，向您学习 12-9 11:36
cheungsober(金币+1,VIP+0):很明显是软件翻译的 12-9 11:39
zap65535(金币-2,VIP+0):据说您经常审稿...... 12-23 10:02
Using fluorescence quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical method, Near-Jie Zhong et al [11,12] showed that fluoride acts on osteoblastic cells that can affect the MCM3 gene expression.  For MCM3 in osteogenic cells fluorine can promote an increasingly essential role and is of diagnostic importantce, for which protein levels need to be verified. Based on these studies and the associated assumptions, osteoblasts exposed to fluoride after the endoplasmic reticulum stress may be correlated to MCM3 through a common regulation of osteoblast proliferation. Currently it is capable of separating the mechanism for the fluoride osteoblasts endoplasmic reticulum stress that has not been reported. In the present study, fluoride in vitro is proposed to verify the simultaneous detection of the MCM3 endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes Bip, Xbp-1, CHOP, and MCM3.  For genes in bone cells and protein expression, primary investigation has been conducted for the relationship between the two characteristics.
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4楼2009-12-09 10:39:15
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