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hslining木虫 (正式写手)
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【原创】空间BMG材料科学
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Viscous Liquid Foam - Bulk Metallic Glass (Foam) Overview | Description | Applications | Operations | Results | Publications | Images Experiment/Payload Overview Brief Summary This investigation tests and produces hardened foam from bulk metallic glass. The absence of gravity facilitates the creation of a more uniform metallic glass foam, a material with an extremely high strength to weight ratio. Developing lighter and stronger materials can lead to a more durable spacecraft that will require less propellant to travel long distances. Principal Investigator William Johnson, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA Co-Investigator(s)/Collaborator(s) Marios Demetriou, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA Chris Veazey, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA William Kaukler, Ph.D., University of Alabama - Huntsville, Huntsville, AL Payload Developer Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL Sponsoring Agency National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Expeditions Assigned |9| Previous ISS Missions This experiment has not flown before, however, research on earlier Shuttle flights helped develop methods for better creating bulk metallic glasses. ^ back to top Experiment/Payload Description Research Summary This experiment is designed to test the ability to study the formation of a metallic foam from a bulk metallic glass which is a type of unique metal alloy that, when cooled from a liquid to a solid at high cooling rates, solidifies without crystallizing. By creating a bulk metallic glass foam in space, researchers will also study the physics of bubble and foam formation in microgravity. Furthermore, this experiment will demonstrate foaming an expandable structure under microgravity and a vacuum. Because the effects of buoyancy are minimized in space, more uniform foam structures with unique properties can be produced. These new materials have potential applications for use in future Moon or Mars space structures (due to their high strength and low weight) as well as potential shielding against micrometeorites and space debris impacts in space. Description Bulk metallic glasses are a special class of metallic materials created by rapid solidification that causes them to form glass-like structures that are light but very strong. This experiment investigates the formation and structure of foams made from bulk metallic glass. Because the effects of buoyancy are minimized in space, more uniform foam structures with unique properties can be produced. These new materials have potential applications for use in future moon or Mars space structures (due to their high strength and low weight) as well as for potential shielding against micrometeorites and space debris impacts on spacecraft. ^ back to top Applications Space Applications Hardened bulk metallic glass foam may be very useful as a material for building future spacecraft for long-term space flight. The foams can also be used to build permanent structures on the Moon or Mars. Buildings and spacecraft fuselages made from bulk metallic glass foams can be extremely tough and light at the same time, thereby reducing costs while increasing the protection they provide to explorers. Earth Applications Bulk metallic glasses are extremely strong materials (2-3 times stronger than conventional metals) that, when molten, are viscous enough to make well-constructed solid foam. While bulk metallic glass is strong, it is also brittle. A bulk metallic glass foam is very resilient, however, much like spongy human bone. Solid foams are the best materials to make large, stiff structures due to their high strength to mass ratio. Foaming also considerably increases a material's ability to act as a temperature insulator. Foam can be difficult to study on Earth because gravity can interfere with bubble formation, causing the bubbles to rise and the liquid to sink. This is especially true when conventional metal liquid (like aluminum or titanium) is foamed. A better understanding of foaming will help investigators improve a variety of materials used in everything from medical supplies to industrial processing, sports equipment and military vehicles. ^ back to top Operations Operational Requirements Conducted inside the ISS Maintenance Work Area. Three small copper ampoules filled with samples of bulk metallic glasses will be processed. Operational Protocols Crew members will fit ampoules onto the end of the ISS soldering iron, causing the bulk metallic glass samples to foam. Samples will be heated for three different lengths of time to assess degree of foaming and returned to Earth for later analysis. ^ back to top Results/More Information Three planned runs for the Foam experiment were successfully completed on station during Expedition 9. Samples, which were returned to Earth in late August 2005, are being analyzed. ^ back to top Related Web Sites NASA Fact Sheet ^ back to top Publications Results Publications Veazey C, Demetriou MD, Schroers J, Hanan JC, Dunning LA, Kaukler WF, Johnson WL. Foaming of Amorphous Metals Approaches the Limit of Microgravity Foaming. Journal of Advanced Materials. 2008 ;40:7-11. ^ back to top Related Publications Schroers J, Veazey C, Johnson WL. Amorphous Metallic Foam. Applied Physics Letters. ;82:370. 2003 Brothers AH, Dunand DC. Syntactic Bulk Metallic Glass Foam. Applied Physics Letters. ;84(7):1108-1110. 2004 ^ back to top Images  NASA Image: ISS009E1479 - Expedition 9 Science Officer Mike Finke performing the Foam experiment in the Maintenance Work Area on the ISS.+ View Larger Image  NASA Image: ISS009E14583 - Foam investigation setup in the Maintenance Work Area on ISS during Expedition 9.+ View Larger Image  NASA Image: ISS009E14593 - Close up image of the Foam investigation on ISS Expedition 9.+ View Larger Image 本帖关键词：Foam gov mission science station [ Last edited by hslining on 2009-12-3 at 09:22 ] |
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