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157、On the Logical Fallacy of Neutron Star Magnetic Field Hypothesis
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preprint of cern doi :10.5281/zenodo.21184799 or https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21184799 my academic identifier: orcid id: 0009-0005-2185-5790. you may go to the official academic website to retrieve and view relevant research content. readers may copy this number to search on the official zenodo website (search by english title or english keywords) to view the full english and chinese pdf texts. Abstract The mainstream theory of astrophysics holds that neutron stars possess extremely strong global macroscopic magnetic fields, and attributes the bipolar high-energy jets entirely to magnetic confinement and acceleration effects. Based on the fundamental axioms of classical electromagnetism and observational characteristics of neutron stars, this paper systematically falsifies the mainstream hypothesis. The only physical origin of macroscopic magnetic fields is moving electric charges. After the collapse and formation of a neutron star, electrons are deeply bound into protons, rendering the whole star electrically neutral with no large-scale freely moving macroscopic charges, so there is no physical prerequisite for generating a global strong magnetic field. All published values of neutron star magnetic field strength are obtained by inverse fitting of radiation photon polarization data using theoretical models, rather than direct physical measurements, which are artificial extrapolations tailored to the existing theoretical framework. The real cause of bipolar jets is the material barrier structure formed by ultra-high rotation speed: the dense matter rotating rapidly in the equatorial region creates strong obstruction to escaping internal photons, leading to weak external radiation; the rotational axis at the poles has a tangential velocity approaching zero with no lateral material occlusion, allowing photons to propagate outward directionally and form bright polar jets. Photons require no external driving force or acceleration. Once a propagation channel is open, photons travel inherently at the speed of light upon emission, and their propagation distance depends solely on photon number density. The dominant radiation emitted by neutron stars lies in the visible light band with constant energy of individual photons. The ultra-high luminosity of jets comes from extremely high photon concentration, following exactly the same physical principle as man-made lasers, which merely compress photon beams into highly ordered dense flows without any magnetic acceleration process. Furthermore, neutron stars carry an extremely strong gravitational field comparable to black holes, and continuously radiate photons across the entire stellar surface with no darkened regions. It can be directly proven that gravity has no physical capacity to confine or trap photons, and the traditional hypothesis of gravitational photon trapping contains fundamental logical errors. Keywords neutron star; macroscopic magnetic field; bipolar jet; rotation barrier; photon propagation Introduction Within the research framework of compact astrophysical objects, the magnetic field model and jet driving mechanism of neutron stars constitute the core theoretical foundation for interpreting high-energy radiation, polarization signals, starquakes and jet phenomena. For a long time, mainstream academia in Europe and America has accepted that neutron stars have ultra-strong global macroscopic magnetic fields, and attributed all bipolar jets and radiation polarization effects to magnetic driving and acceleration, forming a solidified academic consensus. Nevertheless, this theory suffers from irreconcilable contradictions against core rules of classical electromagnetism, together with two fundamental cognitive misunderstandings. First, researchers habitually assume that jets require thrust from magnetic fields to accelerate photons, misinterpreting the intrinsic propagation property of photons. Second, they confuse the energy of individual photons with photon number density and fabricate the dynamic process of magnetic acceleration of photons. In addition, the traditional hypothesis of gravitational photon trapping cannot explain the observational fact that neutron stars continuously emit photons under extremely strong gravity. Starting from fundamental physical axioms, this paper abandons conventional fictitious assumptions, clarifies the paradox of neutron star magnetic fields, restores the genuine physical mechanism of bipolar jets, elaborates the inherent propagation characteristics of photons, distinguishes between single-photon energy and photon number density, falsifies the wrong theory of gravitational photon trapping based on neutron star observations, and corrects fundamental cognitive biases in compact object astrophysics.  |
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