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134、Single-Photon 360° Spin Jitter Range Measurement Study
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preprint of cern doi :10.5281/zenodo.20831667 or https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20831667 my academic identifier: orcid id: 0009-0005-2185-5790. you may go to the official academic website to retrieve and view relevant research content. readers may copy this number to search on the official zenodo website (search by english title or english keywords) to view the full english and chinese pdf texts. Abstract The intrinsic transverse spin jitter range of photons lacks standardized, reproducible measured control data. This paper constructs a brand-new control experimental system, adopting four groups of comparative experiments: unobstructed free light spot, continuous light beam with single polarizer, free flight of single photons, and single photons with single polarizer. Only a single polarizer is used to unilaterally constrain the vibration components of photons. The experiments cover full-band photons including microwaves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays and X-rays. A high-sensitivity receiving plate is adopted to collect the two-dimensional distribution of photon landing points. By comparing the dispersion scale difference of light spots along the X and Y axes under two working conditions (with or without polarization constraint, continuous light beam / single photon), the diffusion noise generated by multi-photon superposition is quantitatively separated, and a calculation method for back-deducing the intrinsic spin jitter amplitude of photons based on the XY amplitude difference is established. Existing physical theories have derived theoretical numerical ranges of photon vibration amplitudes in different wavebands through model deduction. This experiment takes such theoretical intervals as reference standards, and verifies whether the theoretically deduced laws hold through measured data, distinguishing whether deviations originate from experimental systematic errors or defects in the original theoretical model. It fills the research gap of direct measurement of photon vibration range under single polarizer constraint, and provides an operable experimental scheme and quantitative measured data support for the underlying mechanism of photon polarization and basic research on quantum optics. Keywords: single photon; spin jitter range; single polarizer screening; continuous light beam; unobstructed light spot measurement; full-band photons; XY amplitude difference calculation; comparative verification of theoretical intervals 1 Introduction The microscopic vibration characteristics of photons are the core research direction of quantum optics and fundamental particle physics. Current relevant studies are mostly based on theoretical deduction, which gives estimated numerical ranges of photon vibration amplitudes of each waveband, yet there is a lack of low-loss, signal-sufficient and stably reproducible comparative measured data to verify whether theories conform to real physical laws. Photons have no rigid physical structure, and they have an inherent transverse spin jitter range during free propagation. Such vibration amplitude is a key physical parameter characterizing the intrinsic motion state of photons. The experimental system in this paper uniformly adopts a single polarizer as the core vibration screening device. The width of polarization slits is controlled within 120–250 nm, and the transmission direction is set as the vertical X-axis to only constrain the vibration components of photons along the X-axis, without any filtering restriction on the horizontal Y-axis. Four independent test conditions are set in the experiment, combining two light source modes (continuous light beam, single-photon sequential emission) and two optical path conditions (unobstructed free optical path, optical path equipped with single polarizer) to form a complete four-group control system. No extra shielding medium exists in the photon flight path to fully retain the original propagation trajectory of photons, and parallel comparative tests of full-band photons are completed synchronously. The whole set of experiments takes the photon amplitude intervals deduced by existing theories as reference benchmarks. The real maximum vibration amplitude of photons is calculated through the measured dispersion difference of light spots along the X and Y axes, and the matching degree between measured results and theoretically deduced ranges is compared. If the measured data is consistent with theoretical laws, the existing deduction model is proven reliable; if there is an obvious deviation between the two, it can be judged that the underlying assumptions of the theoretical model have loopholes. The whole device is easy to build with sufficient light transmission in the optical path, which can stably collect effective detection signals. The measured data can improve the basic motion parameter database of photons, and provide reliable measured basis for the research and development of single-photon detectors and experiments related to quantum polarization entanglement.  |
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