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29、On the Non-Existence of Electromagnetic Force
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Preprint of CERN doi :10.5281/zenodo.19522482 or https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19522482 My academic identifier: orcid id: 0009-0005-2185-5790. You may go to the official academic website to retrieve and view relevant research content. Readers may copy this number to search on the official zenodo website (search by English title or English keywords) to view the full English and Chinese pdf texts. Abstract To resolve the core paradox that "black holes have extremely strong gravity that prevents light from escaping, yet high-energy jets are ejected outward", current mainstream astrophysics proposes the hypothesis that ultra-strong electromagnetic force exists inside and around black holes, which can resist gravity and drive the formation of jets. Based on the fundamental generation mechanism of charge and electromagnetic force, the inherent dependence between mass and gravity, combined with the destructive effect of the extreme black hole environment on microscopic matter structures, this paper systematically demonstrates that inside a black hole, there is neither the material basis for generating electromagnetic force nor the mass prerequisite for generating conventional gravity. Even if we forcibly assume their coexistence, electromagnetic force cannot drive matter to form jets under extreme gravitational confinement. This paper further points out that the essence of black hole jets is the natural energy release after matter is disassembled into free photons, combined with the vortex pressure generated by the overall rotation of the galaxy and the black hole, which jointly drive the jets to extend tens of millions of light-years away. It provides a logically self-consistent explanation for the physical mechanism of black holes that conforms to the basic laws of physics. Keywords: black hole; jet; electromagnetic force; gravity; photon; charge; rotational pressure; cosmic cycle 1 Introduction Within the framework of standard cosmology and general relativity, a black hole is described as an extreme celestial body formed by gravitational collapse, whose gravitational field strength inside the event horizon is sufficient to prevent even photons from escaping. However, astronomical observations clearly confirm that highly collimated and energetic relativistic jets exist on both sides of black holes, some extending up to 23 million light-years. To reconcile the apparent contradiction between "gravity trapping light" and "matter ejection", mainstream theories introduce a supplementary model that "ultra-strong electromagnetic force exists near black holes, which can overcome gravity and accelerate matter outward". This explanation has obvious problems: first, it ignores the generation conditions of electromagnetic force and gravity fundamentally; second, even under its own assumptions, jets still cannot form if both strong gravity and strong electromagnetic force exist. This paper systematically refutes the above view from the aspects of the origin of forces, stability of matter structures, mechanical self-consistency, and rotational dynamics. |
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