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[交流] 阴天条件下,信鸽的导航依赖超顺磁性巨噬细胞

Homing pigeon navigation relies on superparamagnetic macrophages under overcast conditions

阴天条件下,信鸽的导航依赖超顺磁性巨噬细胞

▲ 作者:CLIVIA LISOWSKI, MICHAEL QUETTING, DANIELA KLAUS, LISA LAZAREVSKI, LEA SEEP, MAXIMILIAN GERMER, JIAN LI, INGE MüLLER, DANIEL ZUNIGA, AND CHRISTIAN KURTS

▲链接:

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ady2486

▲摘要:

鸟类使用多种导航策略,包括地磁场,尤其是在其他线索不可用时(例如阴天或夜间条件下)。有人提出喙中的磁铁矿颗粒、眼中的隐花色素、细胞离子通道的改变以及前庭系统的变化来解释磁感受,但确切的机制仍存在争议。研究者通过物理、形态学、功能性和基因组学分析,鉴定了肝脏中超顺磁性巨噬细胞的存在。

他们发现,在巨噬细胞耗竭后,阴天条件下飞行的鸽子丧失了其通常的方向定位能力。而在晴天可见太阳时,巨噬细胞耗竭的鸽子方向定位能力未受影响,这表明太阳是其主要的定位线索。他们提出,在原鸽的归巢行为中,肝脏中的超顺磁性巨噬细胞是找到地磁方向所必需的。

▲ Abstract:

Birds use a variety of navigational strategies, including the geomagnetic field, especially when other cues are not available, such as under overcast or nocturnal conditions. Magnetite particles in the beak, cryptochromes in the eye, cellular ion-channel alterations, and changes in the vestibular system have been proposed to explain magnetoreception, but the exact mechanisms remain debated. Here, we used physical, morphological, functional, and genomic assays to identify the presence of superparamagnetic macrophages in the liver. We found that after macrophage depletion, pigeons flying under overcast conditions lacked their usual orientation capabilities. Orientation was unimpaired in birds without macrophages when the sun was visible, suggesting that this was their primary cue. We propose that in homing pigeons, superparamagnetic macrophages in the liver are required for finding magnetic direction.
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