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木虫之王 (文学泰斗)

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注册: 2005-08-23
专业: 数论

[交流] Nanobody-based recombinant antivenom for cobra, mamba and rinkhals bites 已有1人参与

Nanobody-based recombinant antivenom for cobra, mamba and rinkhals bites

针对眼镜蛇、曼巴与唾蛇咬伤的基于纳米抗体重组抗蛇毒血清

▲ 作者：Shirin Ahmadi, Nick J. Burlet et al.

▲链接：

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09661-0

▲摘要：

研究者采用18种毒蛇（含曼巴蛇、眼镜蛇与唾蛇）的毒液对羊驼和大羊驼进行免疫，构建噬菌体展示文库并筛选出高亲和力广谱中和性纳米抗体。

他们将其中8种纳米抗体配伍成精确定义的寡克隆混合物，成功研制出能中和7个毒素家族/亚家族的多价重组抗蛇毒血清。该血清在体内实验中可有效抵御17种非洲眼镜蛇科毒蛇的致死毒性，并对所有测试的细胞毒性毒液所致皮肤坏死产生显著抑制效果。

这种重组抗蛇毒血清的效能优于现行血浆源性抗蛇毒血清，有望为非洲大陆所有医学相关眼镜蛇科毒蛇咬伤提供全面防护方案。

▲ Abstract：

Here we addressed this challenge by immunizing an alpaca and a llama with the venoms of 18 different snakes, including mambas, cobras and a rinkhals, constructing phage display libraries, and identifying high-affinity broadly neutralizing nanobodies. We combined eight of these nanobodies into a defined oligoclonal mixture, resulting in an experimental polyvalent recombinant antivenom that was capable of neutralizing seven toxin families or subfamilies. This antivenom effectively prevented venom-induced lethality in vivo across 17 African elapid snake species and markedly reduced venom-induced dermonecrosis for all tested cytotoxic venoms. The recombinant antivenom performed better than a currently used plasma-derived antivenom and therefore shows considerable promise for comprehensive, continent-wide protection against snakebites by all medically relevant African elapids.

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