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yexuqing木虫之王 (文学泰斗)
太阳系系主任
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Liquid–liquid interfacial tension stabilized Li-metal batteries
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Liquid–liquid interfacial tension stabilized Li-metal batteries 液-液界面张力稳定的锂金属电池 ▲ 作者：Haijin Ji, Jingwei Xiang, Yong Li, Mengting Zheng, Lixia Yuan, Yaqi Liao, et al. ▲链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09293-4 ▲摘要： 人们认为锂（Li）金属阳极与高镍阴极的组合有望超过500 Wh kg-1的阈值。接近如此高的能量密度时，能够稳定阳极和阴极界面的电解质对于确保电池的安全性和长期循环性至关重要。尽管阴离子衍生的无机界面在锂侧已取得了显著成效，但开发同时保护两侧电极的本征策略仍是一个关键挑战。 研究组报告了一种用于电解质设计的微乳液策略，绕过了Li+溶剂化调节，并为两侧电极生成富氟化物界面相。具体而言，胶束和碳酸盐溶剂之间的液-液界面张力（而非电场）推动氟化液滴向阳极和阴极运动。通过这种方式，两侧电极的界面结构得以增强，并将其与溶剂化结构策略解耦。 通过使用微乳液电解质，两种能量密度分别为531 Wh kg-1和547 Wh kg-1的软包电池在189次和155次循环后分别保持了81%和79%的容量。液-液界面张力的引入为界面相调节和电解质设计提供了新视角，为高压锂金属电池的发展奠定了基础。 ▲ Abstract： A lithium (Li)-metal anode paired with a high-nickel cathode is considered to be a combination that holds promise to surpass the 500?Wh?kg?1 threshold. Approaching such high energy density, electrolytes capable of stabilizing both anode and cathode interphases are of importance to secure safe and long-term cycling. Although anion-derived inorganic interphases have shown remarkable success at the Li side, developing intrinsic strategies to concurrently protect both electrodes remains a key challenge. Here we report a micro-emulsion strategy for electrolyte design that bypasses the Li+ solvation regulation and produces fluoride-rich interphases for both electrodes. Specifically, liquid–liquid interfacial tension between the micelles and carbonate solvents, rather than the electric field, propels the motion of fluorinated droplets towards the anode and the cathode. In this way, the interphase construction of both electrodes can be enhanced and decoupled from the solvation structure strategy. Through use of the micro-emulsion electrolyte, two pouch full cells with energy densities of 531 Wh?kg?1 and 547?Wh?kg?1 retain 81% and 79% of their capacity after 189 and 155 cycles, respectively. The introduction of liquid–liquid interfacial tension provides a perspective for interphase regulation and electrolyte design, and paves the way for the development of high-voltage Li-metal batteries. |
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