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yexuqing木虫之王 (文学泰斗)
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Twenty years of microplastic pollution research—what have we learned?
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Twenty years of microplastic pollution research—what have we learned? 二十年的微塑料污染研究——我们学到了什么？ ▲ 作者：RICHARD C. THOMPSON, WINNIE COURTENE-JONES, JULIEN BOUCHER, SABINE PAHL, KAREN RAUBENHEIMER AND ALBERT A. KOELMANS ▲链接： https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adl2746 ▲摘要： 在首次使用“微塑料”一词的出版物发表20年后，研究组回顾了当前的理解，完善了定义，并考虑了未来的前景。微塑料有多种来源，包括轮胎、纺织品、化妆品、油漆和大件物品的碎片，其广泛分布在整个自然环境中，有证据表明在生物组织的多个层面上都有危害。 微塑料在食物和饮料中普遍存在，已在人体中被检测到，并出现了负面影响的新证据。到2040年，环境污染可能会翻一番，预计会造成大规模的危害。公众的关注日益增加，国际谈判正在考虑解决微塑料污染的各种措施。 当前需要明确证据证明潜在解决办法的效力，以解决微塑料污染并尽量减少意外后果的风险。 ▲ Abstract： Twenty years after the first publication that used the term microplastic, we review current understanding, refine definitions, and consider future prospects. Microplastics arise from multiple sources, including tires, textiles, cosmetics, paint, and the fragmentation of larger items. They are widely distributed throughout the natural environment, with evidence of harm at multiple levels of biological organization. They are pervasive in food and drink and have been detected throughout the human body, with emerging evidence of negative effects. Environmental contamination could double by 2040, and wide-scale harm has been predicted. Public concern is increasing, and diverse measures to address microplastic pollution are being considered in international negotiations. Clear evidence on the efficacy of potential solutions is now needed to address the issue and to minimize the risks of unintended consequences. |
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