| 查看: 599 | 回复: 5 | |||
[交流]
干货分享 | 淋巴细胞和NK细胞,是如何生成的?
|
|||
|
淋巴细胞和NK细胞的生成 Lymphocyte and NK Cell Production CLP被认为能产生B淋巴细胞、T淋巴细胞和NK细胞。骨髓中B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞祖细胞的发育与抗原无关。SCF和Flt3L似乎都参与了小鼠早期淋巴系祖细胞的生成。 The CLP is believed to give rise to B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.16 The development of B lymphocyte and T lymphocyte progenitors in bone marrow is antigenindependent. Both SCF and Flt3L appear to be involved in the production of early lymphoid progenitor cells in mice. B淋巴细胞祖细胞在大多数哺乳动物的骨髓中,在犬、猪和反刍动物的佩耶氏结中,以及在鸟类的法氏囊中生成成熟的、未成熟的B淋巴细胞。 大约2到3天,前B淋巴细胞在骨髓中发育为成熟的幼稚B淋巴细胞并进入循环。在骨髓中生成的B淋巴细胞中,只有不到20%成为外周成熟B淋巴细胞池的一部分,大多数细胞在骨髓或进入血液后被淘汰,B淋巴细胞也可以在成年动物外周血的淋巴组织中增殖。 与其他血细胞一样,骨髓和淋巴器官的微环境对淋巴细胞的生成很重要。抗原敏感的表面免疫球蛋白阳性B淋巴细胞的生成以免疫球蛋白基因位点的连续重排和表面蛋白的选择性表达为标志。 尽管许多细胞因子(包括SCF、Flt3L、SDF-1和IGF)参与骨髓中B淋巴细胞的生成,但IL-7似乎是一个特别重要的正生长因子。B淋巴细胞的生成受到多种因素的抑制,包括TGF-β、IFN-α、IFN-β和IFN-γ。 B lymphocyte progenitors produce mature, naive B lymphocytes in the marrow in most mammals, in specialized ileal Peyer’s patches in dogs, pigs, and ruminants, and in the bursa of Fabricius in birds. Approximately 2 to 3 days arerequired for pre-B lymphocytes to develop into mature, naive B lymphocytes in the marrow and enter the circulation. Less than 20% of B lymphocytes produced in the marrow become part of the peripheral mature B lymphocyte pool, with most of the cells being culled in the bone marrow or after their entry into blood. B lymphocytes also proliferate in peripheral lymphoid tissues in adults. As with other blood cells, the microenvironment of the marrow and lymphoid organs is important for lymphopoiesis. The production of antigen-sensitive, surface-immunoglobulin-positive B lymphocytes is marked by successive rearrangements of the immunoglobulin gene loci and selective expression of surface proteins. Although a number of cytokines—including SCF, Flt3L, SDF-1, and IGF—are involved in B lymphocyte production in marrow, IL-7 appears to be an especially important positive growth factor. B lymphocyte lymphopoiesis is inhibited by several factors, including TGF-β, IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ. 哺乳动物次级淋巴器官T淋巴细胞区的抗原刺激可以激活循环B淋巴细胞,然后迁移到淋巴结、佩耶氏结和脾脏的滤泡。B淋巴细胞的活化和分化为浆母细胞,是由微生物产物、细胞因子和结合在T淋巴细胞和树突状细胞表面分子组合诱导的。浆母细胞可以在生成它们的淋巴器官中发育为浆细胞,也可以通过血液迁移并在周围组织或骨髓中发育为浆细胞。SDF-1将循环浆母细胞吸引到骨髓,包括SDF-1和IL-6在内的因子通过阻止细胞凋亡来促进浆细胞的发育。 Recirculating B lymphocytes are activated by antigenic stimulation in the T lymphocyte region of secondary lymphoid organs, followed by migration to the cortex in lymph nodes and to follicles in jejunal Peyer’s patches and the spleen in mammals. B lymphocyte activation and differentiation into plasmablasts is induced by combinations of microbial products, cytokines, and molecules bound to the surfaces of T lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Plasmablasts can develop into plasma cells in the lymphoid organs where they are produced or can migrate through blood and develop into plasma cells in peripheral tissues or bone marrow. SDF-1 attracts circulating plasmablasts to the bone marrow, and factors including SDF-1 and IL-6 promote plasma cell development by preventing apoptosis. T淋巴细胞祖细胞离开骨髓,迁移到胸腺。这些细胞的归处取决于它们与胸腺内皮细胞上各种粘附分子的相互作用以及胸腺基质细胞生成的特异性趋化因子。 T淋巴细胞祖细胞在胸腺微环境和胸腺产生的生长因子(包括Flt3L和IL-7)的影响下发育成T淋巴细胞。哺乳动物胸腺成熟后,T淋巴细胞会聚集在淋巴结皮质旁区、脾脏小动脉周围淋巴结和佩耶氏结滤泡间区。 T lymphocyte progenitors leave the marrow and migrate to the thymus. Homing of these cells to the thymus depends on their interaction with various adhesion molecules on thymic endothelial cells and the production of specific chemotactic factors by thymic stromal cells. T lymphocyte progenitors develop into T lymphocytes under the influence of the thymic microenvironment and growth factors (including Flt3L and IL-7) produced in the thymus. After maturation in the thymus, T lymphocytes accumulate within paracortical areas of lymph nodes, periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths of the spleen, and the interfollicular areas of jejunal Peyer’s patches in mammals. 大多数NK细胞是由骨髓中的祖细胞生成的,它们在骨髓中经过一周或更久时间的扩增和成熟,然后释放到血液中。控制其产生的生长因子需要进一步的表征,但SCF、IL-2、IL-7和IL-15可以在体外刺激NK细胞从祖细胞发育而来。NK细胞亚群也在胸腺和其他可能的器官,如淋巴结、肝脏和脾脏中发育。这些部位可能依赖于骨髓来源的祖细胞和/或未成熟的NK细胞从血液中进入这些器官,它们在微环境的影响下成熟。 Most NK cells are produced from progenitor cells in the bone marrow, where they undergo expansion and maturation for a week or more before their release into the blood.Growth factors controlling their production need further characterization, but SCF, IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15 can stimulate NK cell development from progenitor cells in vitro.Subsets of NK cells also develop in the thymus and possibly other organs, such as lymph nodes, liver, and spleen. These sites may depend on the trafficking of bone marrow–derived progenitor cells and/or immature NK cells into these organs from the blood, where they mature under the influence of microenvironmental factors. |
» 猜你喜欢
298求调剂
已经有10人回复
284求调剂
已经有3人回复
面上模板改不了页边距吧?
已经有5人回复
276求调剂
已经有4人回复
085600材料工程一志愿中科大总分312求调剂
已经有9人回复
博士推荐
已经有6人回复
0856材料求调剂
已经有11人回复
311求调剂
已经有7人回复
材料学调剂
已经有4人回复
高分子化学与物理调剂
已经有5人回复
» 本主题相关商家推荐: (我也要在这里推广)
» 抢金币啦!回帖就可以得到:
澳大利亚科廷大学招收全奖博士(采矿与冶金工程专业)
+1/277
湖南大学材料院陶益杰老师招收2026年秋季入学博士生一名
+1/176
坐标广州,征女友
+2/138
【最后机会】深圳大学26级土木工程博士急招
+5/95
澳大利亚昆士兰大学化工学院吕妙强课题组招收项目支持的全奖博士生2名
+1/81
中国科学院国家级人才团队博士后招聘启示
+1/17
【博士招生】湖南大学招收电化学方向审核制博士研究生
+1/11
青岛大学功能纺织品与先进材料研究院招收2026级申请考核制博士
+1/7
电子科技大学材料学院可持续发展未来技术创新中心招收博士生及科研助理
+1/7
杨亚研究员课题组(广西大学-纳米能源研究中心)招收2026年物理学专业学术型博士
+1/5
南京航空航天大学核科学与技术系硕士招生
+1/5
国家优青李洪森教授招收2026年申请考核制博士2名
+1/4
26届计算机、电子信息类、电科、控制、通信考研T j信息pp骏:74+08+76+6+20
+1/4
【全奖, 免GRE】美国科罗拉多大学科罗拉多斯普林斯分校----固体力学
+1/3
青岛科技大学高分子学院--让我们一起做有趣的研究
+1/2
材料本九求调剂,数二英二316
+1/2
哈尔滨理工大学材化学院燕红老师招收调剂生
+1/2
新加坡南洋理工大学- 光电/ 智能传感/ 脑机接口方向 博士后
+1/1
斯德哥尔摩博士后基金申请 - 基于视频的三维人体运动学提取 / 姿态估计
+1/1
攀钢研究院2026年招聘(央企,钒钛国家重点实验室)
+1/1
简单回复
nono20092楼
2024-05-14 14:00
回复
科研实验_研实(金币+1): 谢谢参与
`
tzynew3楼
2024-05-14 23:37
回复
科研实验_研实(金币+1): 谢谢参与
wwjdwwjd4楼
2024-05-14 23:43
回复
科研实验_研实(金币+1): 谢谢参与
庚辰辛丑5楼
2024-05-15 13:08
回复
科研实验_研实(金币+1): 谢谢参与
2024-05-18 16:04
回复
科研实验_研实(金币+1): 谢谢参与













回复此楼