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Epigenetic modifications have been defined as the structural alteration of chromosomal regions to register, signal or perpetuate altered activity states. It has been shown that DNA-methylation can mediate heritage of properties that are not encoded in the DNA, and is therefore referred to as ¡®epigenetic modification¡¯.A comparable role has not been proven for post-translational modifications of the histones. Nevertheless, both DNA-methylation and histone modifications are often referred to as ¡®epigentic modifications¡¯. These modifications represent major contributors to the regulation of gene transcription.These modifications represent major contributors to the regulation of gene transcription.Histone modifications serve two main purposes. The first purpose is to provide or remove recruitment signals for nonhistone proteins involved in transcriptional activation and silencing. The second purpose is to change chromatin structure and, hence, the physical interactions between histones and DNA.

[ Last edited by gundnir on 2009-10-19 at 00:27 ]

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