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frankiss至尊木虫 (小有名气)
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[交流]
【其他】J. B. Goodenough获得2009年美国费米奖
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September 17, 2009 Secretary Chu Names 2009 Enrico Fermi Award Winners University of Texas and Stanford University Professors to Share Presidential Award WASHINGTON, DC – US Energy Secretary Steven Chu has named Dr. John Bannister Goodenough and Dr. Siegfried S. Hecker as the winners of the Enrico Fermi Award, one of the most prestigious science and technology awards awarded by the U.S. Government. The Presidential award carries an honorarium of $375,000, which will be shared equally, and a gold medal. The award is administered on behalf of the White House by the U.S. Department of Energy. “The 2009 Enrico Fermi Award will go to two scientists who have selflessly devoted themselves to our nation’s energy and national security challenges,” said Secretary Chu. “These two individuals are pioneers in innovative research and I want to thank them for their work and congratulate them on this award.” The Fermi Award is one of the oldest and most prestigious science and technology awards given by the U.S. Government, and honors the memory of Nobel Laureate Enrico Fermi. Secretary Chu will present the Fermi Award at a ceremony in Washington, D.C., at a date to be announced. 2009 Enrico Fermi Award Winners Dr. John Bannister Goodenough Dr. Goodenough, 87, is currently a professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin, where he holds the Virginia H. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering. He will receive the Fermi award in recognition for his lasting contributions to materials science and technology, especially the science underlying lithium-ion batteries. Dr. Goodenough, a physicist, identified and developed the cathode materials for the lithium-ion rechargeable battery that is ubiquitous in today’s portable electronic devices. This material has proven to be inexpensive, environmentally friendly, safe, sustainable, and capable of thousands of charge cycles with a constant output voltage without a loss of capacity. Batteries incorporating this cathode material are used worldwide for cell phones and other portable wireless devices, power tools, hybrid automobiles, small all-electric vehicles, as well as increasingly for electrical energy storage for alternative energy, such as wind and solar power. As this technology continues to develop, it can be expected to have an enormous impact on the U.S. economy and the environment by helping to reduce carbon dioxide greenhouse gas emissions. Dr. Goodenough received his Ph.D. in Physics in 1952 at the University of Chicago. He was a research engineer at Westinghouse before moving to the MIT Lincoln Laboratory as a research scientist and group leader from 1952 through 1976. He continued his career as Professor and Head of Inorganic Chemistry at Oxford University and, after retiring from Oxford, returned to the United States in 1986 to join the University of Texas at Austin. Dr. Siegfried S. Hecker Dr. Hecker, 65, was director of DOE’s Los Alamos National Laboratory from 1986-1997 and remained at Los Alamos as senior fellow until 2005. He currently is a research professor in the Department of Management Science and Engineering, a senior fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, and the co-director of Center for International Security and Cooperation, all at Stanford University. He will receive the Fermi award in recognition for his contributions to plutonium metallurgy, his broad scientific leadership and for his energetic and continuing efforts to reduce the danger of nuclear weapons around the globe. Dr. Hecker is credited with resolving a long-standing controversy involving the stability of certain structures (or phases) in plutonium alloys near equilibrium that arose from significant discrepancies between U.S. and former USSR research on plutonium metallurgy. Dr. Hecker also contributed to the understanding of plutonium aging, which is of pivotal importance in assessing the reliability and performance of the U.S. nuclear weapons stockpile. In addition, Dr. Hecker was one of the principal architects of the science-based stockpile stewardship approach, still in use today to certify the safety and reliability of America’s nuclear deterrent. During the latter part of his tenure at Los Alamos National Laboratory, Dr. Hecker was a pioneer in global nuclear nonproliferation and threat reduction, establishing collaborative research and mutual cooperation with the nuclear weapons laboratories in Russia and other former Soviet Republics. Dr. Hecker received a B.S. in Metallurgy in 1965, an M.S. in Metallurgy in 1967, and a Ph.D. in Metallurgy in 1968, all from Case Western Reserve University. Additional information about the Fermi Award is available at: http://www.sc.doe.gov/fermi/ |
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大致翻译是这样的 美国能源部部长朱棣文9月17日宣布，将2009年的费米奖（Enrico Fermi Award）授予德州大学奥斯汀分校的John Goodenough和斯坦福大学的Sig Hecker。二人将获得金质奖章，并分享37.5万美元的奖金。 费米奖是由美国政府颁发的最古老和最有声望的科技类奖项之一，1954年为纪念美籍意大利科学家恩里克·费米（Enrico Fermi）而设立。 John Goodenough目前是德州大学奥斯汀分校工程学院的教授，87岁，他开发出了锂离子电池阴极组分。Sig Hecker今年65岁，之前曾任美国洛斯·阿拉莫斯国家实验室主任，是一位国际钚研究专家。（科学网 梅进/编译） |
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