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ttpig2005

应助: (幼儿园)
在线:
虫号: 126147

[交流] Ei中英文摘撰写教程

希望对大家有用。

Ei文摘要求
美国工程索引Ei为二次文献，属检索数据库，刊登的条目内容有题名、作者、英文文摘、参考文献等等。因二次文献无全文信息，所以文摘的质量非常重要。一方面检索数据库要依据文摘的质量来决定该文章是否被收录；另一方面读者要根据文摘提供的信息考虑是否阅读、引用原文，如能被利用，才能体现文章的学术价值，提高原文的引用频次。因此希望广大作者按规范认真编写英文摘要。具体要求如下。
1.对文献进行主题分析，通过文摘体现主题概念、主题内容等该篇文献最重要的信息，使读者在没有看到全文的情况下，能够很清楚地了解到该篇文献的中心思想。
2.英文文摘应与中文文摘相对应。
3.信息量要完整，能够全面包含论文的关键信息，应包括三方面内容。
1)目的：说明写此文章的目的、内容，要解决的问题；
2)过程及方法：说明主要工作过程及采用的方法、原理，也包括仪器设备、边界条件，也包含必要的数据；
3) 结果：得出的结果和结论，如有必要，应指出该结果和结论的应用范围和情况。
4.英文文摘的长度一般不超过250 words，不少于150 words，语言简洁。不加评论语句，如“相当满意”、“令人可喜”等。不使用多余的词语，如“据报道……”、“大量的调查表明……”、“本文所谈的有关研究工作是对过去老工艺的一个极大的改进”、“本工作首次实现了……”、“经检索尚未发现与本文类似的文献”等。应尽量删去的主要字句有：in this paper，It is reported，Extensive investigation show that，The author discusses，This paper concerned with，based on the analyses conducted，on the above basis，in detail，briefly，mainly，here，in addition，qualitatively，furthermore等等。
5.尽量简化一些措辞和重复的单元，删繁从简，如：

不用                               而用
   at temperature of 250℃ to 300℃                at 250～300℃
   at a high pressure of 2000 Pa             at 2000 Pa
   at high temperature of 1500℃             at 1500℃
   discussed and studied in detail             discussed
   has been found to increase                      increased
   from the experimental results,                   the results show
   it can be concluded that

6.注意文法。主要为以下几方面。
1)能用名词做定语不要用动名词做定语，例如：
用 measurement accuracy          不用 measuring accuracy
用 experimental results          不用 experiment results
2)可直接用名词或名词短语做定语的情况下，要少用of 句型，例如：
用 measurement accuracy          不用 accuracy of measurement
用 camera curtain shutter          不用 curtain shutter of camera
用 equipment structure          不用 structure of equipment
3)可用动词的情况尽量避免用动词的名词形式，例如：
用 Thickness of plastic sheet was measured.
不用 Measurement of thickness of plastic sheet was made.
4)避免使用一长串形容词或名词来修饰名词。
5)尽量用主动语态代替被动语态，如：A exceeds B 比 B is exceeded by A 好。
6)组织好句子，使动词尽量靠近主语，例如：
用 When the pigment was dissolved in dioxane , decolorization was irreversible after 10h of UV irradiation.
不用 The decolorization in solutions of the pigment in dioxane , which were exposed to 10h of UV irradiation , was no longer irreversible.
7)用重要的事实开头，尽可能避免用辅助从句开头，例如：
用 Power consumption of telephone suitching systems was determined from data obtained experimentally.
不用 From data obtained experimentally, power consumption of telephone suitching systems was determined.
7.取消或减少背景信息。背景信息如果过长或占文摘篇幅的比例过大，则反映出的就是对作者所做的工作描述过于笼统和简单。
8.作者在文献中谈及的未来计划不纳入文摘。
9.首句不得简单重复题名中已有的信息。
10.用过去时态叙述作者工作，用现在时态叙述作者结论。
11.文摘中的缩写名称在第一次出现时要有全称。
12.文摘中的特殊字符。主要指各种数学符号、数学公式、矩阵、数列、希腊字母、上下角标等。Ei对此专门有规定，希望在文摘中尽量少用特殊字符，因为它们的输入极为麻烦，而且极易出错，影响文摘本色的准确性和可读性，应尽量不用，改用文字表达或文字叙述。更复杂的表达式几乎难以输入，应设法取消。

以下列出两篇文章的摘要：

基于IGES文件输入的图形电磁计算方法

摘要:  在不同波段不同极化下，应用图形电磁计算（GRECO）法计算了某模型的高频雷达散射截面（RCS）.采用计算机硬件完成遮挡计算，通过五光源分两次照射获取模型表面法矢信息.在计算镜面散射时，利用两个Sinc函数的乘积消除物理光学计算中的奇异点，棱边边缘绕射用等效电磁流法计算.最终计算结果和试验结果吻合较好,表明这种方法估算目标RCS快捷有效，可以应用于工程分析.在目标造型端添加了识别读入IGES文件的端口后，解除了对模型造型格式的严格限制，扩大了其应用范围.

Graphical electromagnetic computing method research
based on IGES files import

Abstract: The high frequency radar cross section (RCS) of a model was computed with the graphical electromagnetic computing (GRECO) method at different wave band and polarization. The shadowed and eclipsed surfaces were identified by using the visualization hardware, and the unit normal to surfaces were got with 5 light sources  through 2 times of illumination. While computing the mirror-scattering RCS, 2 Sinc-functions were used to avoid singular points in physical optics (PO) results and method of equivalent currents (MEC) was used to compute the reflection of the edges. The agreement of the final computation results with the experimental data indicates this method could be used to estimate the model's RCS quickly and effectively at engineering analyses. Having added the interface that can identify and read initial graphics exchange specification (IGES) files, the limit to the type of the modeling files is released and the GRECO method's application range is extended.

反射器夹层面板精密成形原理

摘要:对高精度、大面积不可展双曲反射面的制造问题，提出了基于离散钉模、真空负压、蜂窝夹层、应力释放、回弹补偿的高精度反射面板成形原理；建立了四边自由面内多点约束的薄板大挠度弯曲解法及夹层板成形过程仿真模型，用于确定成形工艺参数；利用动力显式和静力隐式算法相结合的方法实现成形过程仿真；通过开缝和开槽方法释放面内压应力，确定了面板开缝和开槽方案；通过逆向修正离散模包络面，使其与成形模拟得到的夹层板型面误差最小，得到模具修正因子，补偿回弹误差.在此基础上开发了夹层板精密成形系统.该方法制造的面板型面精度达到25 μm以下，已成功地应用于多项大型紧缩场和毫米波天线的制造.

Principle of precision forming for sandwich panel of
large antenna reflector

Abstract: To solve precision forming problem of the antenna panels with large non-developable double-curvature surface, the precision forming principle was proposed, based on “discrete nails die, vacuum press, honeycomb sandwich, stress release in-plane, and springback compensation”. The problem of rectangle thin plate with free edges and constrained at arbitrary inner points with large deflection was discussed. An explicit/implicit hybrid method was used to simulate the forming process and springback to determine the processing parameters. The slotting and notching techniques were developed for releasing the compression stresses of panel in order to ensure good fit of panel on nails die. The compensation of springback has carried out by modifying discrete nails die, the adjusting coefficient of nail-head height was obtained by minimizing the shape-error between modified surface and simulation shape. The system for precision forming of antenna panels was developed and was used successfully in several actual projects of compact antenna test range and millimeter-wave antenna. The precision of reflector panel can reach below 25 μm.

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