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mechanisms and role of axon-myelin structural plasticity in learning and information processing

cscºÍºÉÀ¼university maastrichtºÏ×÷µÄ¹¥²©Ãû¶î
¸ÐÐËȤÇëÖ±½ÓÁªÏµµ¼Ê¦  prof. dr. renaud b. jolivet£¬r.jolivet@maastrichtuniversity.nl

basic information
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1. information on prospective um supervisors and promotor

1a. first supervisor/promoter:

- title(s), initial(s), first name, surname:         prof. dr. renaud b. jolivet
- research group:                                         maastricht centre for systems biology
- address for correspondence:        paul-henri spaaklaan 1
6229 en, maastricht
the netherlands
- telephone:        +31 43 388 1741
- e-mail:        r.jolivet@maastrichtuniversity.nl

1b. second supervisor/copromoter:

- title(s), initial(s), first name, surname:        dr. michelle moerel
- research group:                                        maastricht centre for systems biology
- address for correspondence:        paul-henri spaaklaan 1
6229 en, maastricht
the netherlands
- telephone:        +31 43 388 1862
- e-mail:                    michelle.moerel@maastrichtuniversity.nl

2. information on um faculty/ department/ institute/ school contact person:
when the application is granted by both the csc and um, the contact person is responsible for the practical arrangements (i.e. assistance in obtaining a visa, finding accommodation, etc.) of the visit of the phd candidate:

- initial(s), first name, surname:                         c. wijler-lardenoije
- research group:                                        maastricht centre for systems biology
- address for correspondence:        paul-henri spaaklaan 1
6229 en, maastricht
the netherlands
- telephone:        +31 43 388 1127
- e-mail:         secretariat-macsbio@maastrichtuniversity.nl
4. research field(s)

•        »ù´¡Ñо¿ / basic research
•        ÈËÀཡ¿µÓë¼²²¡µÄÉúÎïѧ»ù´¡ / biological foundations of human health and diseases
•        Ö§³ÅÐÅÏ¢¼¼Êõ·¢Õ¹µÄ¿ÆÑ§»ù´¡ / scientific basis for development of information technology
•        ÐÅÏ¢¼¼Êõ / information technology

5. title of research plan for csc-um phd programme

mechanisms and role of axon-myelin structural plasticity in learning and information processing

6. short summary of research plan (max. 250 words) (a full plan has to be submitted later)

our group and collaborators have recently discovered a new type of structural plasticity in the brain between axons ¨c the structure through which neurons propagate electrical signals ¨c and the myelin coverage of axons ¨c the structure that ensures the speedy, reliable, and energetically efficient propagation of those signals.  experimental evidence suggests that this newly identified form of plasticity is important in learning, for instance for the coordination of fine motor tasks, and can be induced or modulated by external interventions such as transcranial magnetic stimulation.
this project will investigate in computational biology simulations the biophysics underlying this new form of plasticity.  we will investigate the role of potassium channels located underneath the myelin coverage at juxtaparanodes.  we will test the hypothesis that changes in the volume of the periaxonal space affect the degree of coupling between parallel myelinated axons.  we will also ask how this structural plasticity can shape information flow in neural networks by simulating its effects on the propagation failure of neurons¡¯ electrical signals, and on the time course of these signals.  the exact time course of these signals is now hypothesized to encode information about the level of synchrony in the neuron¡¯s input population and can affect information flow via changes in the release probability at presynaptic terminals.  finally, we will investigate a possible link between this new form of structural plasticity and the metabolic coupling of axons and myelin sheaths.
the project will make extensive use of matlab and neuron packages, and will involve our collaborators in hobart, tasmania, and prague in the czech republic.

top recent publications

1.        myelin and nodal plasticity modulate action potential conduction in the adult mouse brain
cullen cl, pepper re, clutterbuck mt, pitman ka, oorschot v, auderset l, tang ad, ramm g, emery b, rodger j, jolivet rb & young km
cell reports 34:108641, 2021 [jif 9.4; quartile q1]

2.        magnetic moments of short-lived nuclei with part-per-million accuracy: towards novel applications of ß-detected nmr in physics, chemistry and biology
harding rd, pallada s, croese j, antušek a, baranowski m, bissell ml, cerato l, dziubinska-k¨¹hn km, gins w, gustafsson fp, javaji a, jolivet rb, kanellakopoulos a, karg b, kempka m, kocman v, kozak m, kulesz k, madurga flores m, neyens g, pietrzyk r, plavec j, pomorski m, skrzypczak a, wagenknecht p, wienholtz f, wolak j, xu z, zakoucky d & kowalska m
physical review x 10:041061, 2020 [jif 15.8; quartile q1]

3.        pivotal role of carnosine in the modulation of brain cells activity: multimodal mechanism of action and therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative disorders
caruso g, caraci f & jolivet rb
progress in neurobiology 175:35¨c53, 2019 [jif 11.7; quartile q1]

4.        microglial ramification, surveillance, and interleukin-1¦Â release are regulated by the two-pore domain k+ channel thik-1
madry c*, kyrargyri v*, arancibia-c¨¢rcamo il*, jolivet rb*, kohsaka s, bryan rm & attwell d
neuron 97:299¨c312, 2018 [jif 17.2; quartile q1; top 1% cited in neuroscience & behavior]

5.        a process for digitizing and simulating biologically realistic oligocellular mesoscale networks demonstrated for the neuron-glia-vasculature ensemble
coggan js, cal¨¬ c, keller d, lehväslaiho h, agus m, boges d, kare k, abdellah m, eilemann s, holst g, favreau c, hadwiger m, jolivet rb, markram h, sch¨¹rmann f & magistretti pj
frontiers in neuroscience 12:664, 2018 [jif 4.7; quartile q2]
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further details:
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- duration: four years
- no mandatory course work
- english: good score on toefl, ielts or other test beneficial, but english language skills will be gauged primarily during personal interview
- cooperative program - maastricht university has limited number of reserved spots; beyond these, application through general program possible
- further information:
    - www.maastrichtuniversity.nl/um-china-team#um-csc
    - www.maastrichtuniversity.nl/phd-project-outlines
2Â¥2021-11-30 06:28:52
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Strawberrix

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Application deadline: Dec.10
3Â¥2021-12-03 02:17:27
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Strawberrix

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deadline extended to Dec.17
4Â¥2021-12-11 01:10:32
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