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scott2080

铁杆木虫 (著名写手)

翻译EPI: 1
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注册: 2006-02-15
专业: 环境污染化学

[交流] 【求助完毕】30 金币求修改一段英文，非常感谢！

我投了篇文章三番五次的修改都说英文不行：
would be great if you could revise the English of your paper with the help of a native speaker or proficient colleague (the language and spelling needs improvement)
晕菜啊，麻烦大家看看我写的introduction 到底有多少错误，谢谢了。

请大家不要顶贴实实在在帮我看看问题
Sequencing batch reactors were operated at organic loading rates (OLRs) of 0.5, 1.5 and 4.5 kg COD m-3 d-1 and substrate COD/N/P ratios of 100/5/1 and 100/5/0, respectively. The granules’ first appearance time, maturation time, biological morphology, settleability and organic matter removal efficiency for wastewater were used to as indicators to evaluate the granulation.
Through the experiment, granules failed successfully to be cultivated under the OLR of 0.5 kg COD m-3 d-1 for the absence of filamentous bacteria during the full cultivation periods. Aerobic granules were not detected on Day 38, operating at an OLR of 1.5 kg COD m-3 d-1 and substrate COD/N/P ratio of 100/5/1. A certain amount of filamentous bacteria were found within the clear borderline of an apparent mature granular sludge. It did a stable process with SVI between 60-80 mL g-1 and COD removal efficiency of about 96%. Under an OLR of 4.5 kg COD m-3 d-1 and COD/N/P ratio of 100/5/1, aerobic granules were initially observed on Day 25; but the settleability of these granules began to deteriorate within 10 days after their maturation time. Similar phenomenon also occurred under OLR of 4.5 kg COD m-3 d-1 and COD/N/P ratio of 100/5/0, however a more numerous filamentous bacteria with smaller diameter were found interlacing with one and other for its excessive growth due to the higher OLR and absence of phosphor.
Results showed that a certain quantity filamentous bacteria acted as the framework of granules is the most crucial step to achieve a quick and stable granulation. the higher of OLR and phosphor absence would be more likely to favor the growth of filamentous bacteria so as to promote the granulation by the strongly hydraulic shear force, but serious sludge bulking would be more likely to occur so as to result in biomass washout and decrease of COD removal efficiency.

INTRODUCTION
Aerobic granulation is a recently described phenomenon and currently under active investigation in wastewater biological treatment. It is generally accepted that aerobic granular sludge is a compact microbial aggregate formed via the self-immobilization of different microorganisms, and shares different features compared with conventional activated sludge floc. Granules were found to have the advantages of great settleability, high mechanical strength, balanced microbial community, high bio-activity, great stability and protection from toxic shock. So far most studies mainly focused on the mechanism of formation, structure of the microbial population and physic-chemical characteristics of aerobic granules, operation and application of granules reactors and so on.
The previous research showed that aerobic granules were be incubated from anaerobic granular sludge indirectly[1] and cultivated by being seeded with aerobic sludge floc, and the following factors were considered important to the aerobic granulation, e.g., organic loading rate[2][3], sedimentation time[4][5], hydraulic retention time[6], oxygen concentrations[7][8], substrate compositions[9][10], hydraulic shearing force[11][12][13], periodical starvation[14], exchange ratio in SBR[5], cellular polysaccharides[15], pH, Alkalinity, and so on.
To date, little information is available on effects of organic loading rates (OLRs) and substrate COD/N/P ratios on the granular granulation. Therefore, this study attempts to cultivate granules in the SBRs by being seeded with floc sludge under the different OLRs and substrate COD/N/P ratios, The first appearance time , maturation time, biological morphology, settleability, and organic matter removal efficiency of granules for wastewater were used to as indicators to evaluate the granulation. It was expected that these results would be helpful for the development of quick startup and stable running of granules bioreactor.

[ Last edited by qingshaojun0823 on 2009-11-16 at 23:27 ]

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story123123

银虫 (小有名气)

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好氧颗粒是最近描述的现象，正在积极调查，目前废水生物处理。这是普遍接受的好氧颗粒污泥是一个紧凑的微生物通过自身聚合形成的不同的微生物固定化，和股票不同的特点与常规活性污泥絮体。颗粒被发现伟大沉降，机械强度高，均衡的微生物群落，高生物优势的活动，具有极大的稳定性和中毒性休克的保护。到目前为止，大多数研究主要集中在形成机制，对人口和医术微生物的好氧颗粒，操作和颗粒反应堆等应用化学特征结构。

根据以往的研究表明，好氧颗粒是从培养厌氧颗粒污泥间接[1]和培育的正在与好氧污泥絮体种子，和下列因素被认为重要的好氧颗粒，例如，有机负荷率[2] [3 ]，沉降时间[4] [5]，水力停留时间[6]，氧气浓度[7] [8]，基质配比[9] [10]，液压剪切力[11] [12] [13]，定期饥饿[14]，在SBR法[5]，细胞多糖[15]交换比例，pH值，碱度，等等。