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Science 31 July 2009: Vol. 325. no. 5940, pp. 597 - 601 DOI: 10.1126/science.1171769 Prev | Table of Contents | Next Reports Probing Spin-Charge Separation in a Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid Y. Jompol,1,* C. J. B. Ford,1 J. P. Griffiths,1 I. Farrer,1 G. A. C. Jones,1 D. Anderson,1 D. A. Ritchie,1 T. W. Silk,2 A. J. Schofield2 In a one-dimensional (1D) system of interacting electrons, excitations of spin and charge travel at different speeds, according to the theory of a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) at low energies. However, the clear observation of this spin-charge separation is an ongoing challenge experimentally. We have fabricated an electrostatically gated 1D system in which we observe spin-charge separation and also the predicted power-law suppression of tunneling into the 1D system. The spin-charge separation persists even beyond the low-energy regime where the TLL approximation should hold. TLL effects should therefore also be important in similar, but shorter, electrostatically gated wires, where interaction effects are being studied extensively worldwide. 1 Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK. 2 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. Ó¢Ñо¿Ö¤Êµµç×Ó¿É·ÖÁÑΪ×ÔÐý×ӺͿÕѨ×Ó Ó¢¹úÑо¿ÈËÔ±×î½üͨ¹ýʵÑé֤ʵÁ˵ç×Ó¿É·ÖÁÑΪ×ÔÐý×ӺͿÕѨ×ÓµÄÀíÂÛ¼ÙÉ裬ÕâÒ»½øÕ¹½«ÓÐÖúÓÚÑÐÖÆÏÂÒ»´úÁ¿×Ó¼ÆËã»ú¡£ Ó¢¹ú½£ÇÅ´óѧÈÕǰ·¢²¼ÐÂÎŹ«±¨Ëµ£¬¸ÃУÑо¿ÈËÔ±ºÍ²®Ã÷º²´óѧµÄͬÐкÏ×÷Íê³ÉÁËÕâÏîÑо¿¡£¹«±¨³Æ£¬µç×Óͨ³£±»ÈÏΪ²»¿É·Ö¡£µ«1981ÄêÓÐÎïÀíѧ¼ÒÌá³ö£¬ÔÚÄ³Ð©ÌØÊâÌõ¼þϵç×Ó¿É·ÖÁÑΪ´ø´ÅµÄ×ÔÐý×ӺʹøµçµÄ¿ÕѨ×Ó¡£ ½£ÇÅ´óѧÑо¿ÈËÔ±½«¼«Ï¸µÄ¡°Á¿×Ó½ðÊôË¿¡±ÖÃÓÚÒ»¿é½ðÊôƽ°åÉÏ·½£¬¿ØÖÆÆä¼ä¾àÀëΪԼ30¸öÔ×Ó¿í¶È£¬²¢½«ËüÃÇÖÃÓÚÔ¼ÁãÏÂ273ÉãÊ϶ȵij¬µÍλ·¾³Ï£¬È»ºó¸Ä±äÍâ¼Ó´Å³¡£¬·¢ÏÖ½ðÊô°åÉϵĵç×ÓÔÚͨ¹ýÁ¿×ÓËí´©Ð§Ó¦ÌøÔ¾µ½½ðÊôË¿ÉÏʱ·ÖÁѳÉÁË×ÔÐý×ӺͿÕѨ×Ó¡£ Ñо¿ÈËԱ˵£¬ÈËÃǶԵç×ÓÐÔÖʵÄÑо¿ÔøÏÆÆðÁ˰뵼Ìå¸ïÃü£¬Ê¹¼ÆËã»ú²úÒµ·ÉËÙ·¢Õ¹£¬ÏÖÔÚÓÖ³öÏÖÁËʵ¼ÊÑо¿×ÔÐý×ӺͿÕѨ×ÓÐÔÖʵĻú»á£¬Õâ¿ÉÄÜ»á´Ù½øÏÂÒ»´úÁ¿×Ó¼ÆËã»úµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬´øÀ´ÐÂÒ»ÂֵļÆËã»ú¸ïÃü¡£ |
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