±±¾©Ê¯ÓÍ»¯¹¤Ñ§Ôº2026ÄêÑо¿ÉúÕÐÉú½ÓÊÕµ÷¼Á¹«¸æ
²é¿´: 988  |  »Ø¸´: 10
µ±Ç°Ö÷ÌâÒѾ­´æµµ¡£

wglhun_23

½ð³æ (ÕýʽдÊÖ)

[½»Á÷] ¡¾ÇóÖú¡¿¸ß·Ö×Ó½»ÁªÇ°ºóÃܶȱ仯µÄÎÊÌâ

СµÜÔÚ×öʵÑéµÄʱºòÒª¼ÆËã½»ÁªÃÜ¶È ¹À¼Æ´ó¼ÒÒ²×ö¹ýÀàËÆµÄ¼ÆËã°É
ÎÒ²»ÖªµÀÓý»Áª¼Á½»ÁªÍ¬Ò»Öָ߷Ö×Ó²ÄÁϺóËüÃǵÄÃܶȱ仯Ôõôȥ¼ÆËãѽ£¬»òÕßÊÇ·ñ¿ÉÒÔºöÂÔ²»¼ÆÑ½£¬ÎÒÓõĽ»Áª¼Áº¬Á¿´Ó1%µ½10%
½»ÁªÃܶÈ=£¨Ws-Wg£©/Wg*P(¸ß·Ö×Ó²ÄÁÏÃܶÈ)/P£¨ÈܼÁÃܶȣ©
ÇëÖªµÀµÄ¸æÖªÎÒÁË
лл
»Ø¸´´ËÂ¥

» ²ÂÄãϲ»¶

» ±¾Ö÷ÌâÏà¹ØÉ̼ÒÍÆ¼ö: (ÎÒÒ²ÒªÔÚÕâÀïÍÆ¹ã)

ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

wglhun_23

½ð³æ (ÕýʽдÊÖ)

¸÷λ´óÏÀ ÔõôûÓÐÈ˻شðѽ
2Â¥2009-04-11 16:03:10
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

huxw1985

½ð³æ (ÖøÃûдÊÖ)

Сľ³æÑ§Ï°½»Á÷ίԱ»á

ÆäʵÎÒÒ²ÏëÖªµÀ£¬°ïÄã¶¥µ½¸ßÈËÀ´
»ØÌûÊÇÖÖÃÀµÂ¸øÂ¥Ö÷ºÃµÄ×ÊÔ´ÌùÆÀ¼ÛÄǸüÊÇÒ»ÖÖÈËÆ·µÄÌáÉý¸øÈËÆÀ¼Û£¬×ÔÉíÓÖ²»»áȱʧʲô£¬ºÎÀÖ¶ø²»ÎªÄØ£¿
3Â¥2009-04-11 20:58:24
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

huxw1985

½ð³æ (ÖøÃûдÊÖ)

Сľ³æÑ§Ï°½»Á÷ίԱ»á

ÄãÄǸ߷Ö×ÓÊÇ´¿µÄÂð£¿
»ØÌûÊÇÖÖÃÀµÂ¸øÂ¥Ö÷ºÃµÄ×ÊÔ´ÌùÆÀ¼ÛÄǸüÊÇÒ»ÖÖÈËÆ·µÄÌáÉý¸øÈËÆÀ¼Û£¬×ÔÉíÓÖ²»»áȱʧʲô£¬ºÎÀÖ¶ø²»ÎªÄØ£¿
4Â¥2009-04-12 12:21:42
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

wglhun_23

½ð³æ (ÕýʽдÊÖ)

¸ß·Ö×ӿ϶¨²»»áÊÇ´¿µÄÁË ÓзÖ×ÓÁ¿·Ö²¼Ñ½
µ«ÊÇÊÇͬһÅúÔ­ÁÏ
5Â¥2009-04-16 11:01:58
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

glide

½ð³æ (ÕýʽдÊÖ)

¡ï ¡ï
zcphenix(½ð±Ò+2):¹ÄÀø½»Á÷
¾ÝÎÒ¿´µÄÄÇô¶àÊéÖУ¬Ó¦¸ÃûÓÐÈËÌá³ö£¬¶¥¶àÓÐÄý½ºÂʵĸÅÄûÓÐÄã˵µÄ£¬ÃܶȵIJîÒ죬һ°ã¿ÉÒÔÈÏΪֻ¿¼ÂǽᾧºÍÎÞ¶¨ÐεÄÃܶȲîÒ죬´ÓûÓÐÈËÌá³öÄãµÄ½»ÁªÃܶȵÄ˵·¨¡£
6Â¥2009-04-16 13:28:17
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

chenqiao6390

Òø³æ (СÓÐÃûÆø)

²ËÄñ ѧϰÖС£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
7Â¥2009-04-16 16:07:03
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

ustcgxd

гæ (³õÈëÎÄ̳)

Äã˵µÄÃܶÈÊÇÔõô¶¨ÒåµÄ? ÊDz»ÊÇcrosslinkµÄ±ÈÀý?
Äã¿ÉÒÔÓÃNMRÕÒ³ö¶àÉÙ·Ö×ÓÊÇcrosslinkµÄ,¶àÉÙÊÇûÓÐcrosslinkµÄ
8Â¥2009-04-17 01:38:34
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

chinajinlei

ÖÁ×ðľ³æ (ÖøÃûдÊÖ)

¡ï ¡ï
zcphenix(½ð±Ò+2):¹ÄÀø½»Á÷
½»Áª¶È¡¢Ö§»¯¶ÈµÄ±íÕ÷

ÓÃ;
¡¡¡¡¶ÔÈȹÌÐÔ¾ÛºÏÎïÌåϵ£¬Æä¹Ì»¯·´Ó¦½øÐеij̶ȣ¬¹Ì»¯½»Áªºó½»Áªµã¼äµÄ¾ÛºÏÎïÁ´¶ÎµÄ³¤¶È£¨¼´½»ÁªÃܶȣ©µÈÊý¾Ý£¬ºÍ²ÄÁÏÉè¼ÆÖй̻¯ÌåϵµÄÑ¡Ôñ£¬¹Ì»¯Ìõ¼þµÄÑ¡Ôñ¼°ÖƱ¸ºóÈȹÌÐÔ²ÄÁϵÄʹÓÃÐÔÄÜÃÜÇÐÏà¹Ø¡£ÎªÁË»ñµÃ×î¼ÑÐÔÄܵÄÈȹÌÐԸ߷Ö×Ó²ÄÁÏ£¬Ñ¡Ôñ×î¼ÑµÄÈȹÌÐԸ߷Ö×Ó²ÄÁϵļӹ¤¹¤ÒÕ£¬ÐèÒª±íÕ÷½»Áª¶ÈºÍ¹Ì»¯½»ÁªµÄ·´Ó¦³Ì¶È¡£¡¡¡¡½üЩÄê¸ß·Ö×ÓÑо¿ÖУ¬¡°Ê÷×´¸ß·Ö×Ó¡±¼°¡°³¬Ö§»¯¸ß·Ö×Ó¡±ÓÉÓÚÆä·Ö×ÓÖж˻ù¹ÙÄÜÍŶà»òÆä·Ö×ÓÁ¿´óµ«ÈÛÌåÕ³¶ÈС£¬¶øÊܵ½Ñ§Êõ½çµÄ¹Ø×¢¡£ÕâÀà¸ß·Ö×ÓÓÐÒ»Ð©ÌØÊâÓô¦£¬Ñо¿ÕâÀà¸ß·Ö×ÓµÄÓ¦Óã¬Ê×ÏȽ«ÃæÁÙÕâÀà·Ö×ÓÖ§»¯¶ÈµÄ±íÕ÷ÎÊÌâ¡£

±íÕ÷·½·¨¼°Ô­Àí
¡¡¡¡£¨1£©ÈÜÕÍÆ½ºâ·¨²â¶¨½»Áª¾ÛºÏÎïµÄ½»Áª¶È
¡¡¡¡½»Áª¾ÛºÏÎïÔÚÈܼÁÖв»ÄÜÈܽ⣬µ«ÄܲúÉúÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈµÄÈÜÕÍ£¬ÈÜÕͳ̶ÈÈ¡¾öÓÚ¾ÛºÏÎïµÄ½»Áª¶È¡£ÈܼÁ·Ö×Ó½øÈë¾ÛºÏÎï½»Áª³ÉµÄÈýÎ¬ÍøÂçʱ£¬½«ÒýÆðÈýά·Ö×ÓÍøµÄÉìÕ¹¶øÊ¹¾ÛºÏÎï½»ÁªÌåϵÌå»ýÅòÕÍ£»Í¬Ê±¾ÛºÏÎï½»ÁªÍøµÄÉìÕ¹£¬Ôò½«²úÉú½»ÁªÍøÖн»Áªµã¼ä¸ß·Ö×ÓÁ´¹¹ÏóìØµÄ½µµÍ£¬´Ó¶øÊ¹½»ÁªÍø²úÉúµ¯ÐÔÊÕËõÁ¦£¬ÕâÖÖÊÕËõÁ¦µÄ´óСȡ¾öÓÚ½»Áª¾ÛºÏÎïÖÐÁ½½»Áªµã¼ä¸ß·Ö×ÓÁ´¶ÎµÄƽ¾ù·Ö×ÓÁ¿Öµ¡£µ±ÈܼÁµÄÈÜÕÍÁ¦ºÍ½»ÁªÁ´¶ÎµÄÊÕËõÁ¦ÏàÆ½ºâʱ£¬Ìåϵ´ïµ½ÁËÈÜÕÍÆ½ºâ״̬£¬²â³öÕâʱµÄÈÜÕͶÈQÖµ£¬¼´¿É¼ÆËã³ö¾ÛºÏÎï½»Áªµã¼äµÄ¸ß·Ö×ÓÁ´¶ÎµÄƽ¾ù·Ö×ÓÁ¿Öµ¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬ÖµÔ½´ó£¬±íÃ÷¸Ã½»Áª¾ÛºÏÎïµÄ½»Áª³Ì¶ÈԽС£¨½»ÁªÃܶÈԽС£©¡£ÈÜÕÍÆ½ºâʵÑ飬ӦÔÚºãÎÂÌõ¼þϽøÐС£

¡¡¡¡£¨2£©¶¯Ì¬Å¤Õñ·¨²â¶¨ÈȹÌÐÔÊ÷Ö¬µÄ¹Ì»¯ÇúÏß
¡¡¡¡ÈȹÌÐÔÊ÷Ö¬µÄ½»Áª¹Ì»¯·´Ó¦Àú³Ì¸´ÔÓ£¬Ò»°ã¿É²ÉÓû¯Ñ§·ÖÎö£¬ºìÍâ¹âÆ×·ÖÎö£¬Á¿Èȵȷ½·¨¼à²â¹Ì»¯·´Ó¦³Ì¶È£¬µ«µ±¹Ì»¯·´Ó¦½Ó½üÍêȫʱ£¬ÉÏÊö·½·¨¶Ô¹Ì»¯·´Ó¦Àú³Ì¼à²âµÄÁéÃô¶È½«´ó´ó½µµÍ¡£¶øÔڹ̻¯·´Ó¦×îºó½×¶Î£¬¹Ì»¯³Ì¶ÈµÄ΢Èõ²»Í¬£¬½«»á·´Ó³Ôڹ̻¯Ê÷Ö¬µÄÁ¦Ñ§ÐÔÄÜ·½Ãæ¡£ÈȹÌÐÔÊ÷Ö¬µÄ½»Áª¹Ì»¯·´Ó¦Àú³Ì£¬ÊÇÊ÷֬ģÁ¿Ëæ¹Ì»¯³Ì¶ÈµÄÔö¸ß¶øÔö¼ÓµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬²ÉÓö¯Ì¬Å¤Õñ·¨£¬£¨Óá°Ê÷Ö¬¹Ì»¯²â¶¨ÒÇ¡±£¨HLX-¢ò£©£©£¬¶ÔÕýÔÚ½øÐй̻¯·´Ó¦µÄÊ÷Ö¬ÒÔÒ»¶¨ËÙÂʲ»¶ÏÊ©ÒÔС½Ç¶ÈŤÕñ£¬²â¶¨ÎªÎ¬³ÖÕâÖÖŤÕñËù±ØÐëÊ©¼ÓµÄŤ¾ØµÄ±ä»¯£¬Ëæ×Ź̻¯·´Ó¦µÄ½øÐУ¬Ê÷Ö¬µÄÄ£Á¿±ä´ó£¬Ê©¼ÓµÄŤ¾ØÒ²ËæÖ®Ôö¼Ó£¬Ö±ÖÁÊ©¼ÓŤ¾Ø²»ÔÙÔö¼ÓΪֹ¡£Òò´ËËæ²âÊÔʱ¼äµÄÔö¼Ó¶øµÃ³öµÄÊ©¼ÓŤ¾ØµÄ±ä»¯Í¼£¬¿ÉÒÔÊÓΪÊ÷Ö¬µÄ¹Ì»¯ÇúÏßͼ¡£

¡¡¡¡£¨3£©ºìÍâ¹âÆ×±íÕ÷Ö§»¯¶È
¡¡¡¡ÔÚÏ©Ìþ¾ÛºÏÎïÖж˻ùCH3µÄºìÍâÎüÊÕ·åºÍÁ´¶ÎÖÐCH2µÄÎüÊÕ·åλÖÃÉÔÓв»Í¬£¬±È½ÏCH3ºÍCH2ÎüÊÕ·åµÄÇ¿¶È£¬¿É°ë¶¨Á¿¹ÀËãÏ©Ìþ¾ÛºÏÎïµÄÖ§»¯¶È¡£ÓúìÍâÎüÊÕ¹âÆ×²â¶¨¾ÛºÏÎïµÄ¶Ë»ù»ùÍŵÄÎüÊÕ·å¼°ÆäÇ¿¶È£¬ÍÆËã³ö¸ß·Ö×ÓµÄÖ§»¯¶È¡£

¡¡¡¡£¨4£©ÁѽâÉ«Æ×£­ÖÊÆ×ÁªÓñíÕ÷Ö§»¯¶È
¡¡¡¡¸ù¾ÝÁѽâÉ«Æ×£­ÖÊÆ×·¨¶Ô¸ß·Ö×ÓÈÈ·Ö½â²úÎï³É·ÝµÄ¼ø¶¨£¬ÍÆËã¸ß·Ö×ÓµÄÖ§»¯¶È¡£

ËùÓÃÒÇÆ÷
²âÈÜÕÍÓãºÆÕͨ²£Á§ÒÇÆ÷¼°ºãβۣ¬ÌìÆ½
²â½»Áª¹Ì»¯·´Ó¦Ó㺡°Ê÷Ö¬¹Ì»¯²â¶¨ÒÇ¡±£¨HLX-¢ò£©
²âÖ§»¯¶ÈÓ㺺ìÍâ¹âÆ×ÒÇ£¨FTIR£©
ÁѽâÉ«Æ×£­ÖÊÆ×ÒÇ£¨PGC-MS£©


²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
1¡¢¡°¸ß·Ö×ÓÎïÀíʵÑ顱£¨P.90£¬P.48£©ºÎƽóÏ£¬ÑÑó£¬ÖìÆ½Æ½£¬öı£¾ù±à£¬Öйú¿Æ¼¼´óѧ³ö°æÉ磬2002Äê
2¡¢¡°ÏÖ´ú¸ß·Ö×ÓÎïÀíѧ¡±£¨P.903£¬P.915£©£¬Òó¾´»ª¡¢ÄªÖ¾ÉîÖ÷±à£¬¿ÆÑ§³ö°æÉ磬2001Äê


À´Ô´£ºhttp://www.juzhi.com.cn/biaozheng/jiaoliandu.htm
ÔÚº£ÌìÖ®¼äÎÒÆ®À´Æ®È¥¿´¼û³±Õdz±Â䣬·ç¾íÔÆÊæ¡­¡­ÔÚɽˮ֮¼äÎÒÆ®À´Æ®È¥¿´¹ý±ùÏûÑ©»¯£¬²ÝľÈÙ¿Ý¡­¡­Ôں쳾֮ÖÐÎÒÆ®À´Æ®È¥¿´¾¡ÔµÆðÔµÃð£¬Àäů³Á¸¡¡­¡­
9Â¥2009-04-18 10:53:10
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

chinajinlei

ÖÁ×ðľ³æ (ÖøÃûдÊÖ)

Since NC hydrogels show extraordinarily large reversible deformation, and the polymer chains in the swollen state at ambient temperature could be regarded as flexible polymer chains just like those in the rubbery state of solid polymer above glass transition temperature [22], the effective cross-link chain density of NC hydrogels can be evaluated by the kinetic theory for rubber elasticity, which was developed on the basis of the entropy elasticity of flexible polymer chains. From the rubber elasticity theory, the equation of state of the swollen network for tensile strains is
¦Ò = ¦ÍeRT(¦Ë ¨C1/¦Ë2)
                         = RT¦Ñ/Mc(1 ¨C 2 Mc/ Mn)( ¦Ë ¨C1/¦Ë2)       (2)
where ¦Ò is the tensile stress, ¦Íe is the effective crosslink chain density, R is gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, and ¦Ë = L/L0 is the draw ratio, ¦Ñ is the density of the hydrogel, Mc is the molecular weight of chain between cross-links, Mn is the average molecular weight of the primary molecular chains. The term (2Mc/Mn) is a traditional correction for chain ends not effectively tied into conventional cross-linked networks and becomes negligible when the number of chain ends is small relative to cross-linked chains.
   Values of ¦Íe and Mc can be calculated at a given draw ratio by Eq. (2).

¡¾À´Ô´¡¿Yuanqing Xiang, Zhiqin Peng, Dajun Chen. A new polymer/clay nano-composite hydrogel with improved response rate and tensile mechanical properties. European Polymer Journal 42 (2006) 2125¨C2132.
ÔÚº£ÌìÖ®¼äÎÒÆ®À´Æ®È¥¿´¼û³±Õdz±Â䣬·ç¾íÔÆÊæ¡­¡­ÔÚɽˮ֮¼äÎÒÆ®À´Æ®È¥¿´¹ý±ùÏûÑ©»¯£¬²ÝľÈÙ¿Ý¡­¡­Ôں쳾֮ÖÐÎÒÆ®À´Æ®È¥¿´¾¡ÔµÆðÔµÃð£¬Àäů³Á¸¡¡­¡­
10Â¥2009-04-18 10:57:16
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû
Ïà¹Ø°æ¿éÌø×ª ÎÒÒª¶©ÔÄÂ¥Ö÷ wglhun_23 µÄÖ÷Ìâ¸üÐÂ
×î¾ßÈËÆøÈÈÌûÍÆ¼ö [²é¿´È«²¿] ×÷Õß »Ø/¿´ ×îºó·¢±í
[¿¼ÑÐ] 307Çóµ÷¼Á +10 ³¬¼¶ÒÁ°º´óÍõ 2026-03-24 11/550 2026-03-30 13:35 by chemdavid
[¿¼ÑÐ] Ò»Ö¾Ô¸±±¾©»¯¹¤´óѧ²ÄÁÏÓ뻯¹¤£¨085600£©296Çóµ÷¼Á +18 µ¾ÆÞС±à 2026-03-26 18/900 2026-03-30 12:48 by fangnagu
[¿¼ÑÐ] 332Çóµ÷¼Á +12 032500 2026-03-25 12/600 2026-03-30 12:16 by ѧԱ8dgXkO
[Óлú½»Á÷] ¿¼Ñе÷¼Á +5 watb 2026-03-26 5/250 2026-03-30 11:51 by yjolah
[¿¼ÑÐ] »¯Ñ§0703 µ÷¼Á 306·Ö Ò»Ö¾Ô¸211 +7 26ÒªÉϰ¶ 2026-03-28 7/350 2026-03-29 20:04 by Î޼ʵIJÝÔ­
[¿¼ÑÐ] 08¹¤¿ÆÇóµ÷¼Á286 +3 tgs_001 2026-03-28 3/150 2026-03-29 18:29 by 1018329917
[¿¼ÑÐ] 327Çóµ÷¼Á +6 ¼³Òàê» 2026-03-29 6/300 2026-03-29 13:40 by peike
[¿¼ÑÐ] 329Çóµ÷¼Á +10 Å¥¶÷Ñ© 2026-03-25 10/500 2026-03-29 13:32 by peike
[¿¼ÑÐ] Çóµ÷¼Á£¬Ò»Ö¾Ô¸ ÄϾ©º½¿Õº½Ìì´óѧ £¬080500²ÄÁÏ¿ÆÑ§Ó빤³Ìѧ˶£¬×Ü·Ö289·Ö +7 @taotao 2026-03-29 7/350 2026-03-29 12:03 by longlotian
[¿¼ÑÐ] 086000ÉúÎïÓëÒ½Ò©µ÷¼Á +5 Feisty¡£ 2026-03-28 9/450 2026-03-29 12:02 by longlotian
[¿¼ÑÐ] 356Çóµ÷¼Á +4 gysy?s?a 2026-03-28 4/200 2026-03-29 10:32 by ÌÆãå¶ù
[¿¼ÑÐ] 316Çóµ÷¼Á +7 ½­´Ç666 2026-03-26 7/350 2026-03-28 21:28 by sanrepian
[¿¼ÑÐ] 315Çóµ÷¼Á +4 akie... 2026-03-28 5/250 2026-03-28 21:05 by zhq0425
[¿¼ÑÐ] ʳƷ¹¤³Ìר˶һ־ԸÖк£Ñó309Çóµ÷¼Á +4 СÕÅzxyÕÅ 2026-03-26 8/400 2026-03-28 19:25 by lbsjt
[¿¼ÑÐ] Ò»Ö¾Ô¸±±»¯085600²ÄÁÏר˶275|ÓÐÎÄÕÂרÀû£üÇóµ÷¼Á +7 Micky11223 2026-03-25 7/350 2026-03-28 18:34 by Î޼ʵIJÝÔ­
[¿¼ÑÐ] 312£¬ÉúÎïѧÇóµ÷¼Á +3 СÒëͬѧabc 2026-03-28 3/150 2026-03-28 15:32 by ÂäÉ˼
[¿¼ÑÐ] Çóµ÷¼Á +4 Áã°Ë# 2026-03-27 4/200 2026-03-27 18:07 by yu221
[¿¼ÑÐ] 292Çóµ÷¼Á +4 ÇóÇóÁËÊÕÏÂÎÒ°É£ 2026-03-26 4/200 2026-03-27 10:37 by zhshch
[¿¼ÑÐ] ÇóbÇøÔºÐ£µ÷¼Á +4 ÖÜ56 2026-03-24 5/250 2026-03-25 17:12 by yishunmin
[¿¼ÑÐ] 293Çóµ÷¼Á +7 ¼ÓÒ»Ò»¾Å 2026-03-24 7/350 2026-03-25 12:02 by userper
ÐÅÏ¢Ìáʾ
ÇëÌî´¦ÀíÒâ¼û