Znn3bq.jpeg
²é¿´: 5307  |  »Ø¸´: 10
¡¾½±Àø¡¿ ±¾Ìû±»ÆÀ¼Û8´Î£¬×÷Õßgleam0316Ôö¼Ó½ð±Ò 6.75 ¸ö
µ±Ç°Ö÷ÌâÒѾ­´æµµ¡£
µ±Ç°Ö»ÏÔʾÂú×ãÖ¸¶¨Ìõ¼þµÄ»ØÌû£¬µã»÷ÕâÀï²é¿´±¾»°ÌâµÄËùÓлØÌû

gleam0316

Ìú¸Ëľ³æ (ÖøÃûдÊÖ)


[×ÊÔ´] ¡¾·ÖÏí¡¿Öйú½ü´úÊ·£¨µÚ6°æ¼ò·±ÕûºÏ±¾£©.ÐìÖÐÔ¼Öø.¼ÆÇï·ã.ÖìÇìÝáÒ롾ÒÑËÑÎÞÖØ¸´¡¿

¶ÔÓÚ½ü´úʷѧÑо¿µÄ³æÓÑ¿ÉÒÔµ±×÷²Î¿¼Êé¼®£¬Ï²»¶µÄ³æÓÑÇëÖ§³Ö£¡^_^
ÖÐÎÄÃû: Öйú½ü´úÊ·£¨µÚ6°æ¼ò·±ÕûºÏ±¾£©.ÐìÖÐÔ¼Öø ¼ÆÇï·ã ÖìÇìÝáÒë
Ó¢ÎÄÃû: The Rise of Modern China , 6e
×ÊÔ´¸ñʽ: PDF
·¢ÐÐʱ¼ä: 2008Äê1ÔÂ
µØÇø: ´ó½,Ïã¸Û
ÓïÑÔ: ¼òÌåÖÐÎÄ,·±ÌåÖÐÎÄ
¼ò½é:


ÒýÓûØÌû:
×÷Õߣº£¨ÃÀ£©ÐìÖÐÔ¼
ÒëÕߣº¼ÆÇï·ã ÖìÇìÝá
³ö°æÉ磺ÊÀ½çͼÊé³ö°æ¹«Ë¾
³ö°æÇ°ÑÔ£º
¡¡¡¡±¾Êé¸ù¾ÝÃÀ¹ú¼ÓÖÝ´óѧʥ°Í°ÍÀ­·ÖУÈÙÓþ½ÌÊÚÐìÖÐÔ¼£¨Immanuel C . Y . Hsu£©ËùÖøµÄThe Rise of Modern ChinaÒë¾Í¡£±¾ÊéÓ¢ÎİæÊÇÅ·ÃÀѧ½ç¹«ÈϵÄÒ»²¿Öйú½üÏÖ´úÊ·¾­µäÖ®×÷£¬·±ÌåÖÐÎİæÔÚ¸Ų̂¼°º£Í⻪ÈËÉç»áÒ²¹ãΪÁ÷´«¡£ÐìÖÐÔ¼½ÌÊÚÉúÓÚÖйú£¬Ñྩ´óѧ±ÏÒµºó¸°ÃÀÁôѧ£¬1954ÄêÈ¡µÃ¹þ·ð´óѧÕÜѧ²©Ê¿Ñ§Î»£¬²¢ÔÚÃÀ¹úʷѧ½çÈ¡µÃÁ˽ܳö³É¾Í¡£±¾Êé¾­×÷Õß¶à´ÎÐÞ¶©£¬ÓÚ2000ÄêÍÆ³öµÚ6°æ£¬Ïã¸ÛÖÐÎÄ´óѧ³ö°æÉçÓÚ2001ÄêÍÆ³öÖÐÎÄ·±Ìå°æ¡£¾­Å£½ò´óѧ³ö°æÉçÊÚȨ£¬Óɱ¾¹«Ë¾ÍƳöÖÐÎļòÌå°æ¡£
¡¡¡¡±¾Êé×Ô¿µÇ¬¿ªÆª£¬ÏÂÆù21ÊÀ¼Í£¬ÄÚÈÝ¿¼¾¿ÑϽ÷£¬ÓïÑÔÓÄĬÁ鶯£¬ÄϾ©´óѧÀúʷϵ¼ÆÇï·ã¡¢ÖìÇìÝáÁ½Î»½ÌÊÚµÄÒëÎľ«Õ¿µ½Î»£¬¾­Ã©¼Òçù¡¢Ç®³Ëµ©Á½Î»Ê·Ñ§´ó¼ÒϤÐÄÉóУ£¬²¢ÓÉÐìÖÐÔ¼½ÌÊÚ±¾ÈËÇ××ÔÉó¶©£¬ÒÑÔÚ×î´ó³Ì¶ÈÉÏΪÖÐÎĶÁÕßɨ³ýÁËÔĶÁÕϰ­¡£
¡¡¡¡×÷Õß½þÒùÎ÷·½Ñ§Êõ¶àÄ꣬ÆäÀíÂÛÁ¢³¡¡¢¹Ûµã¡¢Ë¼ÏëÇãÏò¼°ÅúÆÀ±ê×¼ÓëÎÒÃDz»¾¡Ïàͬ¡£¾­°æÈ¨ËùÓÐÕßÊÚȨ£¬ÎÒÃǶԱ¾ÊéµÄһЩÄÚÈݽøÐÐÁËÊʵ±¶øÉóÉ÷µÄ±à¼­´¦Àí£¬Æä²»Í×Ö®´¦»¹Çë¶ÁÕß¼ûÁ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÎÒÃÇÉîÖª£¬Í¬ÎªÑ×»Æ×ÓËÐìÖÐÔ¼½ÌÊÚ¶Ô׿¹úµÄÈ­È­³à×ÓÖ®ÐÄÓëÎÒÃÇÊǺÁÎÞ¶þÖµġ£
¡¡¡¡±¾ÊéºÆºÆ°ËÊ®ÓàÍòÑÔ£¬¿çÔ½ÖйúËİÙÄêÀúÊ·£¬Éæ¼°´óÁ¿ÈËÃû¡¢µØÃû¡¢»ú¹¹Ãû³Æ£¬ÈôÓЩÎ󣬷³Çë¶ÁÕß²»ÁßÖ¸Õý£¬ÒÔÆÚÔÙ°æÊ±¼°Ê±¸üÕý¡£
ÊÀ½çͼÊé³ö°æ¹«Ë¾
2008Äê1ÔÂ



Ŀ¼:


Ï×´Ç -24
³ö°æÇ°ÑÔ -23
Ô­ÖøÕßÖÐÎİæÐò -22
·±Ìå°æÐò -21
µÚÁù°æÐò(Ó¢Îİæ) -19
µÚÒ»°æÐò(Ó¢Îİæ) -17
Àú´ú¼ÍÔª±í -15
»õ±Ò¼°¶ÈÁ¿ºâÕÛËã±í -14
Ŀ¼ -12
µØÍ¼Ä¿Â¼ -1
l£®¹ãÖݺӿڣºÏã¸ÛÓë°ÄÃÅ 110
2£®19ÊÀ¼Í³õµÄ¹ãÖÝÉÌ¹Ý 114
3£®Âíê©¶ûÄáʹÍŵÄ·Ïߣ¬1793Äê 124
4£®Ñ»Æ¬Ã³Ò× 135
5£®1859¡ª1860Äê¼äͨÏò±±¾©µÄµÀ· 167
6£®ÔçÆÚÌõÔ¼¿Ú°¶£¬1842¡ª1874Äê 171
7£®Ì«Æ½¾üÐоü·Ïß¼°Ì«Æ½Ìì¹úµØÇø 183
8£®1775ºÍ1911ÄêÇåµÛ¹ú½®Óò 357
9£®±±·¥£¬1926¡ª1928 419
10£®1930ÄêÖйú 437
11£®1930ÄêÖйúÓëÃÀ¹ú±È½Ï 441
12£®³¤Õ÷£¬1934¡ª1935Äê 450
13£®1937ÖÁ1945ÄêÈÕ±¾ÇÖÕ¼ÖйúµÄµØ·½ 471
14£®1981ÄêÖйúÓëÃÀ¹ú±È½Ï 522
15£®1997¼°1999ÄêÏã¸ÛÓë°ÄÃŻعé 592
µÚÒ»Õ ¡°½ü´úÖйú¡±µÄ¸ÅÄî 1
1.1 ¡°½ü´úÖйú¡±Ê¼ÓÚºÎʱ£¿ 2
1.2 ¡°½ü´úÖйú¡±Ðγɵ͝Á¦ 4
1.3 еÄ×ÛºÏ˼¿¼ 9
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 10
µÚÒ»±à ´«Í³ÖƶȵÄÑÓÐø£¬1600¡ª1800Äê 13
µÚ¶þÕ ÇåµÛ¹úµÄÐËÊ¢ 15
2.1 Ç峯µÄ½¨Á¢ 15
Ŭ¶û¹þ³àµÄáÈÆð 16
ÂúÖÞºÍÇåµÄº¬Òå 18
Õ¼Áì±±¾© 19
2.2 ÄÏÃ÷¿¹ÇåÔ˶¯ 20
2.3 Íõ³¯µÄ¹®¹ÌÓë»Ô»Í 22
˳Öγ¯£¬1644¡ª1661Äê 22
¿µÎõ³¯£¬1662¡ª1722Äê 23
ÓºÕý³¯£¬1723¡ª1735Äê 26
Ǭ¡³¯£¬1736¡ª1795Äê 28
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 32
µÚÈýÕ ÕþÖκ;­¼ÃÌåÖÆ 35
3.1 ÕþÖνṹ 35
»ÊµÛºÍ¹ó×å 35
ÖÐÑëÕþ¸®»ú¹¹ 36
µØ·½ÐÐÕþ 42
Å©´å»ù²ã¿ØÖÆ 43
3.2 ¾­¼ÃÖÆ¶È 45
ÍÁµØºÍ˰ÊÕÖÆ¶È 45
¹ú¼ÒÊÕÖ§ 46
ÈË¿Ú 49
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 50
µÚËÄÕ Éç»áºÍ˼Ïë×´¿ö 55
4.1 ÖйúÉç»á 55
¼ÒÍ¥ 55
×Ú×å 56
Éç»á·Ö²ã 56
Ê¿Éð:ÌØÈ¨ºÍ¹¦ÄÜ 58
¿Æ¾Ù 60
4.2 ˼Ïë³±Á÷ 63
Çå³õ¶ÔÃ÷³¯ÐÄѧµÄ·´»÷ 63
Çå´úÖÐÆÚµÄ¿¼Ö¤Ñ§ 67
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 70
µÚÎåÕ ¶ÔÍâ¹ØÏµ 73
5.1 Î÷Å·È˵ÄÀ´ÁÙ 73
̽ÏÕ¼ÒºÍÉÌÈË 73
´«½Ì»î¶¯ 77
Ò®öÕ»áÓ°ÏìµÄË¥Â䣺ÀñË×Ö®Õù 80
Î÷·½¿ÆÑ§¼¼ÊõµÄÒý½ø 82
ÖйúɥʧÁËÏÖ´ú»¯µÄ»ú»á 84
5.2 ¶íÂÞ˹µÄÍÆ½ø 85
´©Ô½Î÷²®ÀûÑÇ 85
ÔçÆÚÅÉÍùÖйúµÄÍ⽻ʹÍÅ 86
¡¶Äá²¼³þÌõÔ¼¡·£¬1689Äê 87
ͼÀí衳öʹÁô¾Ó¶í¹úµÄÍÁ¶ûìèÌØ²¿£¬1714Äê 89
¡¶Ç¡¿ËͼÌõÔ¼¡·£¬1727Äê 90
ÍÐʱºÍµÂеÄʹ¶í£¬1729¡ª1732Äê 91
¶í¹úÔÚÖйúµÄÌØÊâµØÎ» 92
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 94
µÚÁùÕ ¹úÔËÄæ×ª£ºÓÉÊ¢µ½Ë¥ 97
6.1 ÂúÇåÁ¦Á¿µÄË¥Âä 97
ÐÐÕþÎÞÄÜ 97
¸¯°ÜÆÕ±é 98
ÂúÈËºÍÆìÈ˶éÂä 99
²ÆÕþ¾½ÆÈ£»ÈË¿ÚѹÁ¦£»Ê¿ÈËʧÔð 99
6.2 »áµ³ÆðÒå 100
6.3 Î÷·½µÄÍÆ½øÓë·â¹±Ìåϵ 102
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 105
µÚ¶þ±à Í⻼ÄÚÂÒ£¬1800¡ª1864Äê 107
µÚÆßÕ ¹ãÖÝóÒ×Ìåϵ 109
7.1 µ¥¿ÚóÒ×µÄÔµÆð 109
7.2 ¹ãÖÝóÒ× 111
ÐÐÉÌ 112
½»Ò׳ÌÐò 115
Õ÷˰Óë½»·Ñ 116
½»Ò×ÏîÄ¿ 116
7.3 Íâ¹úÈËÔÚ¹ãÖݵÄÉú»î 118
ÐÐΪ¹æÔò 118
˾·¨È¨ÎÊÌâ 120
7.4 Ó¢¹ú¸Ä±ä¹ãÖÝÌåϵµÄÆóͼ 121
Âíê©¶ûÄáʹÍÅ£¬1793Äê 122
°¢ÃÀÊ¿µÂʹÍÅ£¬1816Äê 128
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 131
µÚ°ËÕ ѻƬսÕù 133
8.1 ѻƬóÒ× 133
8.2 1834ÄêµÄÂÉÀͱ°Ê¹Ãü 137
8.3 ·ç±©Ç°Ï¦µÄƽ¾² 140
8.4 ÁÖÔòÐìÔÚ¹ãÖÝ 142
8.5 ѻƬսÕù 146
µÚÒ»½×¶Î 147
µÚ¶þ½×¶Î 149
µÚÈý½×¶Î 149
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 153
µÚ¾ÅÕ µÚ¶þ´ÎÌõÔ¼°²ÅÅ 155
9.1 êÈÓ¢µÄÐÂÍâ½» 155
Óëè±¶¦²éµÄ½»Ç飻1844Äê×àÕÛ 156
¡°¹ãÖÝÈë³ÇÎÊÌ⡱ 157
9.2 ¹ãÖÝ·½ÃæµÄǿӲÕþ²ß£¬1848¡ª1856Äê 159
9.3 ÑÇÂÞÕ½Õù 161
Ìì½ò̸ÅÐ 164
1858Äê¡¶Ìì½òÌõÔ¼¡· 165
ÉϺ£Ë°ÔòÉÌÒé 166
9.4 µÚ¶þ´ÎЭ¶¨ 167
´ó¹ÁµÄ»÷ÍË 167
±±¾©Ð­¶¨ 169
¶í¹úµÄÍÆ½ø 170
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 172
µÚʮՠ̫ƽÌì¹ú¸ïÃü¡¢Äí¾üÅÑÂÒ¼°»ØÃñÅÑÂÒ 175
10.1 Éç»á¶¯µ´µÄ¸ùÔ´ 175
Éç»á¾­¼ÃÒòËØ 175
ѻƬսÕùµÄÓ°Ïì 177
ÕþÖθ¯°Ü 177
Î䱸Ëɳڣ»×ÔÈ»ÔÖº¦£»¿Í¼ÒÈ˺ͻù¶½½Ì 178
10.2 ̫ƽÌì¹ú¸ïÃüµÄ±¬·¢ 179
10.3 ̫ƽÌì¹úµÄÖÆ¶È 184
ÍÁµØÖÆ¶È 184
¾üÕþºÏÒ»£»ÎÄ»¯ºÍ×ڽ̵ĺÏÒ» 185
ÐÂÀú·¨£»Éç»áÕþ²ß 186
10.4 Íâ¹úµÄÖÐÁ¢Á¢³¡ 186
10.5 Ôø¹ú·ªºÍÏæ¾ü 188
10.6 Ìì¹úÄÚÚ§ 190
10.7 Õ½ÕùµÄתÕÛµã 192
10.8 ̫ƽÌì¹úµÄ±ÀÀ£ 194
10.9 ̫ƽÌì¹úʧ°ÜµÄÔ­Òò 195
Õ½ÂÔ´íÎó£»ÒâʶÐÎ̬³åÍ» 196
Áìµ¼¼¯ÍŵÄʧÎó 196
̫ƽÌì¹úÉú»îµÄ×ÔÏàì¶Ü£»õ¿½ÅµÄÍâ½» 197
10.10 ̫ƽÌì¹ú¸ïÃüµÄÒŲú 197
10.11 Äí¾üÅÑÂҺͻØÃñÆðÒå 199
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 201
µÚÈý±à Íâ¹úµÛ¹úÖ÷Òå¼Ó¾çʱÆÚµÄ×ÔÇ¿Ô˶¯£¬1861¡ª1895Äê 205
µÚʮһÕ Ç峯ÖÐÐËÓë×ÔÇ¿Ô˶¯ 207
11.1 ÐÂÁìµ¼È˼°ÐÁÓÏÕþ±ä 208
11.2 ºÏ×÷Õþ²ßºÍÍâ½»ÏÖ´ú»¯ 210
×ÜÀíÑÃÃÅ 212
ͨÉÌ´ó³¼ 213
ͬÎÄ¹Ý 214
º£¹Ø 215
¹ú¼Ê·¨µÄÒý½ø 216
11.3 ¾üÊÂÏÖ´ú»¯ºÍÔçÆÚ¹¤Òµ»¯ 217
ÏÈÇýÕß 217
¹§Ç×ÍõÓëÀîÌ©¹ú¡ª¡ª°¢Ë¼±¾½¢¶Ó 219
¸÷Ê¡×ÔÇ¿Ô˶¯µÄ¿ªÊ¼ 220
ÊØ¾ÉÅɵķ´¶Ô 222
11.4 ×ÔÇ¿Ô˶¯µÄ¸÷¸ö½×¶Î 222
µÚÒ»½×¶Î 222
µÚ¶þ½×¶Î 224
µÚÈý½×¶Î 226
11.5 ×ÔÇ¿Ô˶¯µÄ¾ÖÏÞÓëÓ°Ïì 227
ȱ·¦Ð­µ÷£»ÑÛ½çÏÁÕ­ 227
×ʱ¾ØÑ·¦£»Íâ¹úµÛ¹úÖ÷Òå 228
¼¼ÊõÂäºóºÍÊ¿·çÈÕÏ 228
Éç»áºÍÐÄÀí¶èÐÔ 229
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 230
µÚÊ®¶þÕ ¶ÔÍâ¹ØÏµÓ빬͢ÕþÖΣ¬1861¡ª1880Äê 235
12.1 ¶ÔÍâÊÂÎñ 235
±ó´»Ê¹ÍÅ£¬1866Äê 235
ÆÑ°²³¼Ê¹ÍÅÓëÐÞÔ¼£¬1868¡ª1870Äê 236
Ìì½ò½Ì°¸£¬1870Äê 238
êî¼ûÎÊÌ⣬1873Äê 240
Âí¼ÎÀí°¸£¬1875Äê 241
12.2 ´ÈìûÌ«ºó¼°ÆäÕþÖÎ 243
³Í½ä¹§Ç×Íõ 243
¿ØÖÆÍõλ¼Ì³Ð 245
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 247
µÚÊ®ÈýÕ Íâ¹úÇÖռ̨Í塢н®Óë°²ÄÏ 249
13.1 ÈÕ±¾ÇÖÂǪ̂Í壬1871¡ª1874Äê 250
13.2 ¶í¹úÇÖÕ¼ÒÁÀ磬1871¡ª1881Äê 252
Çå´úÔÚн®µÄͳÖÎÓë»ØÃñÅÑÂÒ 252
º£·ÀÓëÈû·ÀÖ®Õù 254
³çºñ³öʹºÍ¡¶ÀïÍß¼¸ÑÇÌõÔ¼¡·£¬1879Äê 255
ÔøºîºÍ¡¶Ê¥±ËµÃ±¤ÌõÔ¼¡·£¬1881Äê 257
13.3 Õù¶á°²ÄϵÄÖз¨Õ½Õù£¬1884¡ª1885Äê 258
·¨¹úµÄÈëÇÖ 258
ÇåÁ÷µ³µÄÐËÆð 259
Õ½Õù±¬·¢ 260
ºÍƽ½â¾ö 261
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 262
µÚÊ®ËÄÕ µÛ¹úÖ÷Òå¼Ó½ôÀ©ÕÅ£ºÈÕ±¾ÇÖÂÔ³¯ÏÊÓë¡°ÖйúµÄ¹Ï·ÖΣ»ú¡± 265
14.1 ³¯ÏʵĿª·Å 265
14.2 ¹úÄÚ±©ÂÒÓë¹ú¼ÊÕþÖÎ 267
1882Äê±ø±ä 267
1884Ä걩¶¯ 268
¶«Ñ§µ³ÅÑÂÒ£¬1894Äê 270
14.3 Õ½Õù±¬·¢ 270
14.4 ºÍƽЭ¶¨ 272
14.5 Ç峯ʧ°ÜµÄÔ­Òò 273
14.6 Õ½ÕùµÄ·´Ïì 274
µÛ¹úÖ÷Òå¼Ó½ôÀ©ÕÅ£»Ãñ×幤ҵÊܵ½Ñ¹ÖÆ 274
ÈÕ±¾µÄáÈÆð£»ÖйúµÄÐÂÕþÖÎÔ˶¯ 275
14.7 Õ½ºóµÄ¶ÔÍâ¹ØÏµ 275
Èý¹ú¸ÉÉæ 275
ÖжíÃØÔ¼ 276
¸îµØ¿ñ³± 277
ÃÅ»§¿ª·ÅÕþ²ß 278
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 279
µÚËÄ±à ¸Ä¸ïÓë¸ïÃü£¬1898¡ª1912 283
µÚÊ®ÎåÕ 1898ÄêµÄάÐÂÔ˶¯ 285
15.1 ÔçÆÚάÐÂÅɺʹ«½ÌÊ¿µÄÓ°Ïì 285
15.2 ±£ÊصĸĸïÕߣºÎÌͬý˜ºÍÕÅÖ®¶´ 287
15.3 ¼¤½øµÄ¸Ä¸ïÕߣº¿µÓÐΪºÍÁºÆô³¬ 289
½ñÎľ­Ñ§Ô˶¯ 290
¿µÓÐΪŬÁ¦ÕùÈ¡ÈÏͬ 293
¿µÓÐΪµÄáÈÆð 294
15.4 °ÙÈÕάР297
15.5 »ÊÌ«ºóÓëÕþ±ä 300
15.6 ±ä·¨Ê§°ÜµÄÔ­ÒòºÍÓ°Ïì 302
άÐÂÅÉȱ·¦¾­Ñé 303
´ÈìûµÄÈ¨ÊÆ 303
±£ÊØÅɵķ´¶Ô 304
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 305
µÚÊ®ÁùÕ ÒåºÍÍÅʼþ£¬1900Äê 309
16.1 ÒåºÍÍÅʼþµÄ±³¾° 309
¶Ô»ù¶½½ÌµÄÔ÷¶ñ 309
Íâ¹ú¾­¼ÃÖ§ÅäϵļèÄÑÉú¼Æ 310
×ÔÈ»ÔÖº¦ 311
16.2 È­ÃñµÄÔµÆð 311
16.3 ³¯Í¢±Ó»¤È­Ãñ 312
16.4 ¶«ÄÏ»¥±£ 315
16.5 æÅºÍ 317
16.6 ¶í¹úÕ¼ÁìÂúÖÞ 319
16.7 ÒåºÍÍÅʼþµÄÓ°Ïì 321
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 322
µÚÊ®ÆßÕ ÇåÄ©ÐÂÕþºÍÁ¢ÏÜÅÉ 325
17.1 ÇåÄ©ÐÂÕþ£¬1901¡ª1905Äê 325
17.3 Á¢ÏÜÔ˶¯£¬1905¡ª1911Äê 328
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 332
µÚÊ®°ËÕ ÍíÇåµÄ˼Ïë¡¢Éç»áºÍ¾­¼Ã±ä»¯£¬ÖصãÌÖÂÛ1895¡ª1911Äê 335
18.1 ˼ÏëµÄÔÙ¶¨Î» 335
´«Í³Ë¼ÏëµÄ±äÖÊ 335
ÐÂѧ 336
ÈÕÎÄÒëÖø 340
18.2 Éç»áµÄ±ä»¯ 341
ÒÔ¼ÒͥΪÖÐÐĵÄÉç»áµÄÍß½â 341
ÐÂÐ˽ײã 342
³ÇÊеijɳ¤ 343
18.3 ¾­¼ÃÀ§¾³ 344
Ô¤Ëã³à×Ö 344
óÒ×ʧºâ 344
Íâ¹úͶ×ʼ°Æä¿ØÖÆ×÷Óà 345
µÛ¹úÖ÷ÒåµÄÁ½ÃæÐÔ 349
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 350
µÚÊ®¾ÅÕ Àúʷ͸ÊÓҰϵÄÇåÍõ³¯ 353
ÈíÈõµÄÁìµ¼Óë²»ÍêÉÆµÄÌåÖÆ 355
ÂúÈ˶ԺºÈ˵IJÂÒÉ 358
¶ÔÎ÷·½ÌôÕ½±¾ÖʵÄÎÞÖª 358
ÄÚÓÇÍâÂÒÓë×ʱ¾²»×ã 359
Íâ¹úµÄ×÷Óà 360
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 361
µÚ¶þʮՠ¸ïÃü¡¢¹²ºÍÓë¾ü·§¸î¾Ý 363
20.1 ¸ïÃüµÄ±³¾°ÓëÌØÕ÷ 363
Ç峯µÄË¥°Ü 363
ÈËÃñÆðÒåµÄ´«Í³ 363
Íâ¹úµÄÓ°Ïì 364
ÕþÖαä¸ïµÄ±ØÒª 364
±ÏÈý´Î¸ïÃüÖ®¹¦ÓÚÒ»ÒÛ 364
20.2 ËïÖÐɽÓë¸ïÃü 365
Ì´ÏãɽÓëÏã¸ÛµÄÓ°Ïì 365
ÐËÖлᣬ1895Äê 367
Â×¶ØÃÉÄÑ 367
¼èÄÑʱÆÚ£¬1896¡ª1900Äê 368
ͬÃË»á³ÉÁ¢£¬1905Äê 370
20.3 ¹²ºÍ¹úµÄÐËÆð 372
Ìú·¹úÓл¯ 373
Îä²ýÆðÒå 375
ÇåµÛÍËλ 376
ÀúÊ·ÒâÒå 379
20.4 Ô¬ÊÀ¿­±³Åѹ²ºÍ 380
¶þ´Î¸ïÃü 380
Ô¬µÄµÛÖÆÖ®ÃÎ 381
20.5 ¾ü·§¸î¾ÝʱÆÚ£¬1916¡ª1927Äê 384
ÇåµÛ¸´±Ù£¬1917Äê 385
¾ü·§»ìÕ½ 385
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 387
µÚÎå±à Ö÷ÒåÓ뿹ս£¬I917-1945Äê 391
µÚ¶þʮһÕ ˼Ïë¸ïÃü£¬1917¡ª1923Äê 393
21.1 ±³¾° 393
21.2 ÐÂÎÄ»¯Ô˶¯µÄÕ¹¿ª 396
³Â¶ÀÐãÓë¡¶ÐÂÇàÄê¡· 396
²ÌÔªÅàºÍ±±´ó 397
ºúÊʼ°Æä¹±Ï× 398
21.3 ÎåËÄÔ˶¯£¬1919Äê 399
21.4 ÐÂÎÄ»¯Ô˶¯µÄÀ©Õ¹ 402
ÍâÀ´·Ã¿Í 403
ÎÊÌâºÍ¡°Ö÷Ò塱 404
µ½¶«·½È¥£¡µ½Î÷·½È¥£¡ 406
21.5 ½áÂÛ 406
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 408
µÚ¶þÊ®¶þÕ ˼³±ÅìÅȺͷ´µÛÔ˶¯ÖеĹú¼Òͳһ 411
22.1 Öйú¹²²úµ³µÄµ®Éú£¬1921Äê 411
22.2 ¹úÃñµ³µÄ¸Ä×飬1923¡ª1924Äê 414
22.3 ±±·¥Óë¹ú¹²·ÖÁÑ 417
22.4 Ãñ×åÖ÷ÒåÍâ½» 424
»ªÊ¢¶Ù»áÒé 424
ÖйúÃñ×åÖ÷ÒåµÄ¸ßÕÇ 425
22.5 ÄϾ©¹úÃñÕþ¸® 427
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 428
µÚ¶þÊ®ÈýÕ ¹úÃñÕþ¸®£ºÌôÕ½ÖØÖØµÄÊ®Ä꣬1928¡ª1937Äê 433
23.1 ¡°Ð¾ü·§¡±ºÍÅÉϵÕþ¿Í 433
23.2 ÈÕ±¾¶Ô¶«±±µÄÇÖÂÔ 435
23.3 ¹²²úµ³µÄÌôÕ½ 442
¹²²ú¹ú¼ÊµÄÕþ²ß 442
ëÔ󶫵ĸù¾ÝµØ¶·Õù 445
¹úÃñµ³µÄΧ½Ë 446
³¤Õ÷ºÍ×ñÒé»áÒé 447
23.4 Î÷°²Ê±äºÍͳһսÏß 451
23.5 ³É°ÜµÃʧ£ºÊ®Äê»Ø¹Ë 453
½ðÈڸĸï 453
¹ØË°×ÔÖ÷ 453
ÊÕ»ØÍâ¹ú×â½ç 454
½»Í¨ 454
¹¤Òµ·¢Õ¹ 455
½ÌÓý 455
ÐÂÉú»îÔ˶¯ 455
ÎÄѧ½ç 455
¶ÔÉç»áºÍ¾­¼Ã¸Ä¸ïµÄºöÊÓ 457
²ÆÕþÉϵIJ»¸ºÔðÈÎ 458
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 459
µÚ¶þÊ®ËÄÕ ÖÐÈÕÕ½Õù£¬1937¡ª1945Äê 465
24.1 ÈÕ±¾¾ü¹úÖ÷ÒåÕßµÄÐËÆð 465
1932ÄêµÄ¡°Î塤һÎåÕþ±ä¡± 466
1936ÄêµÄ¡°¶þ¡¤¶þÁùÕþ±ä¡± 466
¹ãÌïºëÒãµÄ¶Ô»ªÕþ²ß 467
24.2 ²»Ðû¶øÕ½£¬1937Äê 468
24.3 Íô¾«ÎÀµÄ¡°ºÍƽÔ˶¯¡± 470
24.4 ¹úÃñµ³µÄ¿¹Õ½½¨¹ú¼Æ»® 472
24.5 ¹ú¹²ºÏ×÷¼°ÆäĦ²Á 472
24.6 ÑÓ°²¾­ÑéÓëÍâ¹úµÄ¹Û²ì 474
Éú²ú×Ô¸øÔ˶¯ 475
Íâ¹ú¹Û²ì¼Ò 476
µÏ¿ËÎ÷ʹÍÅ 478
24.7 սʱÍâ½»ÓëÃÀ¹ú¾íÈëÖйúÊÂÎñ 481
1943ÄêµÄ¿ªÂÞ»áÒé 482
Ê·µÏÍþΣ»ú 483
ºÕ¶ûÀûµÄµ÷Í££¬1944-1945Äê 485
1945ÄêµÄÑŶûËþ»áÒé 487
24.8 Õ½ÕùµÄºó¹û 489
¶«ÑǵĹú¼ÊÐÂÖÈÐò 489
¹úÃñµ³µÄË¥½ß£»¾­¼ÃÔÖÄÑ 490
ÐÄÀíµÄÆ£±¹ 491
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 492
µÚÁù±à ÖлªÈËÃñ¹²ºÍ¹úµÄ³É³¤ 497
µÚ¶þÊ®ÎåÕ ÄÚÕ½£¬1945¡ª1949Äê 499
25.1 ëÔó¶«ÔÚÖØÇì 500
25.2 ËÕÁªÔÚ¶«±±µÄÐж¯ 502
25.3 ÂíЪ¶ûʹ»ª 503
25.4 ÄÚÕ½ 507
25.5 ÃÀ¹úµÄ×÷Óà 509
25.6 ¶ÔÃÀ¹úÕþ²ßµÄÖØÐÂÆÀ¼Û 511
25.7 ¹úÃñµ³Ê§°ÜµÄÔ­Òò 514
ÐéÓÐÆä±íµÄ¾üÊÂÁ¦Á¿ 514
ͨ»õÅòÕͺ;­¼Ã±ÀÀ£ 515
ʧȴÃñÐĺÍÕþ¸®ÍþÐÅ 515
ÃÀ¹úµ÷Í£ºÍÔ®ÖúµÄʧ°Ü 516
Éç»áºÍ¾­¼Ã¸Ä¸ïµÄ³ÙÖÍ 516
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 517
µÚ¶þÊ®ÁùÕ ÖлªÈËÃñ¹²ºÍ¹ú£ºµÚÒ»¸öÊ®Äê 521
26.1 ÕþÖÎ×éÖ¯ 522
Õþ¸®½á¹¹ 523
Õþµ³ 524
Öйú¹²²úÖ÷ÒåµÄÌØÊâÐÔ 525
26.2 ¾­¼Ã·¢Õ¹ 526
ÍÁµØ¸ïÃüºÍũҵ¼¯Ì廯 526
¹¤Òµ·¢Õ¹ 527
¡°´óÔ¾½ø¡±ºÍ¹«Éç 528
26.3 Éç»áÖ÷ÒåÐÂÈË 530
26.4 ¶ÔÍâ¹ØÏµ 531
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 533
µÚ¶þÊ®ÆßÕ ÖйúÖØÈë¹ú¼ÊÉç»á 541
27.1 ÖÐÃÀ»ººÍ 541
ÃÀ¹úÕþ²ßµÄ±äǨ 541
оùÊÆ 544
ÖйúµÄ¶¯»ú 546
Äá¿ËËÉÔÚ±±¾© 548
¡¶ÉϺ£¹«±¨¡· 550
ºÍ½âµÄ³É¾Í 551
27.2 ÖÐÈÕ»Ö¸´°î½» 553
ÌïÖнÇÈٵĶԻªÐÂÕþ²ß 554
ÌïÖнÇÈÙÔÚ±±¾© 556
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 559
µÚ¶þÊ®°ËÕ ½¨ÉèÓÐÖйúÌØÉ«µÄÉç»áÖ÷Òå 563
28.1 µËСƽµÄ¹¹Ïë 563
28.2 ũҵ¸Ä¸ï 565
28.3 ¹¤Òµ¸Ä¸ï 569
µÚÒ»½×¶Î 570
µÚ¶þ½×¶Î 572
28.4 ¶ÔÍ⿪·ÅÕþ²ß 576
ÖÐÈÕóÒ× 578
ÖÐÃÀóÒ× 579
28.5 δÀ´·¢Õ¹Ç°¾° 584
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 585
µÚ¶þÊ®¾ÅÕ ÖйúµÄáÈÆð 589
29.1 Ïã¸Û»Ø¹é 589
Ó¢¹úµÄÖ³ÃñͳÖÎ 591
ÕþȨ½»½ÓÒÇʽ 593
29.2 ÖÐÃÀ¹ØÏµ 595
¡°ÖйúÍþв¡±ÂÛ£¿ 596
ÃÀ¹ú¶Ô»ªÕþ²ßµÄÑݱä 597
¶ôÖÆÂÛÓë´èÉÌÂÛ 599
¡¶ÃÀÈÕ°²È«ÌõÔ¼¡· 600
ÅåÀïµÄ×÷Óà 601
ÖÐÃÀ¹ØÏµÖеļ¬ÊÖÎÊÌâ 602
¿ËÁÖ¶ÙµÄÓѺÃʾÒâ 605
29.3 ¶þʮһÊÀ¼Í³õµÄÖйú 605
²Î¿¼ÊéÄ¿ 607
Ë÷Òý 612
ÉóУºó¼Ç 634

ÏÂÔØµØÖ·1

ÏÂÔØµØÖ·2

ÏÂÔØµØÖ·3

[ Last edited by 2007mky on 2009-6-19 at 20:39 ]
»Ø¸´´ËÂ¥

» ²ÂÄãϲ»¶

ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

fox-fox

ľ³æ (ÖªÃû×÷¼Ò)


ÒýÓûØÌû:
Originally posted by liuyx at 2009-3-3 10:03:
Â¥Ö÷ÌåÁ£¬ÄÉÃ×»úÆ÷È˲»ºÃÓ𡣡ÇëÇó»»Ò»¸öÍøÅÌ¡£Ð»Ð»£¡ºÃÊé°¡£¡

ºÃÓõ쬾ÍÊÇʱ¼ä²»ºÃ¡£
3Â¥2009-03-03 13:04:36
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû
²é¿´È«²¿ 11 ¸ö»Ø´ð

liuyx

Ìú³æ (³õÈëÎÄ̳)


¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï ÎåÐǼ¶,ÓÅÐãÍÆ¼ö

gleam0316(½ð±Ò+0,VIP+0):ллÄãµÄÖ§³Ö£¬ÓÖÉÏ´«Ò»¸ö¹úÍâµÄÍøÅÌ£¬ÄãÊÔÊÔ¿´ÄÜÏÂÔØ²»£¿Èç¹û²»ÐÐÇëPMÎÒ£¬ÎÒ½«·Ö¾íÉÏ´«ÐÂÀËÍøÅÌ¡£ 3-3 14:44
Â¥Ö÷ÌåÁ£¬ÄÉÃ×»úÆ÷È˲»ºÃÓ𡣡ÇëÇó»»Ò»¸öÍøÅÌ¡£Ð»Ð»£¡ºÃÊé°¡£¡
2Â¥2009-03-03 10:03:31
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

lingonghua

Ìú¸Ëľ³æ (ÕýʽдÊÖ)


¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï ÎåÐǼ¶,ÓÅÐãÍÆ¼ö

ÕæºÃ°¡£¬ÒÔºóÉϿεÄʱºò¸øÑ§Éú´©²åµãÀúʷ֪ʶ£¬ÅàÑøÆä°®¹ú¾«Éñ°¡
9Â¥2009-03-05 10:04:22
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû

liuyx

Ìú³æ (³õÈëÎÄ̳)


лл¥Ö÷£¡

лл¥Ö÷£¡²»´ÇÐÁÀÍÔö¼ÓÏÂÔØÁ´½Ó£¡¶¥£¡
10Â¥2009-03-06 13:52:19
ÒÑÔÄ   »Ø¸´´ËÂ¥   ¹Ø×¢TA ¸øTA·¢ÏûÏ¢ ËÍTAºì»¨ TAµÄ»ØÌû
¡î ÎÞÐǼ¶ ¡ï Ò»ÐǼ¶ ¡ï¡ï¡ï ÈýÐǼ¶ ¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï ÎåÐǼ¶
×î¾ßÈËÆøÈÈÌûÍÆ¼ö [²é¿´È«²¿] ×÷Õß »Ø/¿´ ×îºó·¢±í
[¿¼ÑÐ] ½­ËÕ´óѧ ¹¤¿Æµ÷¼Á ¼ñ© +3 Evan_Liu 2026-04-09 4/200 2026-04-09 22:52 by yangæÃ
[¿¼ÑÐ] 0703»¯Ñ§Çóµ÷¼Á +21 ²»ÖªÃûµÄСئ 2026-04-08 21/1050 2026-04-09 18:55 by l_paradox
[¿¼ÑÐ] ±¾¿ÆÖ£ÖÝ´óѧ£¬Ò»Ö¾Ô¸»ª¶«Ê¦·¶´óѧ282Çóµ÷¼Á +23 Ðܸçxtk 2026-04-07 26/1300 2026-04-09 17:17 by 18446523
[¿¼ÑÐ] 0703»¯Ñ§µ÷¼Á325·Ö +13 15771691647 2026-04-04 15/750 2026-04-09 16:55 by 15771691647
[¿¼ÑÐ] Ò»Ö¾Ô¸085404£¬×Ü·Ö291£¬Ëļ¶Òѹý£¬Çóµ÷¼Á +10 °¢¿¡°¢¿¡°¢¿¡ 2026-04-04 12/600 2026-04-09 16:18 by lin-da
[¿¼ÑÐ] 327Çóµ÷¼Á +12 Xxjc1107. 2026-04-06 12/600 2026-04-08 16:46 by luoyongfeng
[¿¼ÑÐ] 285Çóµ÷¼Á +7 ¶ñ·¨´ó¶þµÄÆøÎ¶ß 2026-04-05 10/500 2026-04-08 14:34 by zhq0425
[¿¼²©] É격 +8 IQwQl 2026-04-04 8/400 2026-04-08 09:43 by 0608104024
[¿¼ÑÐ] Çó¿¼ÑвÄÁϵ÷¼Á +3 ²Ä»¯Àî¿É 2026-04-07 3/150 2026-04-08 00:21 by JourneyLucky
[¿¼ÑÐ] 318Çóµ÷¼Á +5 ÀîÇàɽɽɽ 2026-04-07 5/250 2026-04-07 18:24 by À¶ÔÆË¼Óê
[¿¼ÑÐ] 0855Çóµ÷¼Á²ÄÁÏ +11 ºìÌÒׯׯ 2026-04-04 12/600 2026-04-06 10:26 by À¶ÔÆË¼Óê
[¿¼ÑÐ] ¿¼Ñе÷¼Á +5 ÃÀÀöµÄyouth_ 2026-04-04 6/300 2026-04-06 06:57 by houyaoxu
[¿¼ÑÐ] ²ÄÁϵ÷¼Á +14 Ò¼·¡·¡ÒÚ 2026-04-04 14/700 2026-04-05 23:31 by À´¿´Á÷ÐÇÓê10
[¿¼ÑÐ] Ò»Ö¾Ô¸±±¾©½»Í¨´óѧ²ÄÁϹ¤³Ì×Ü·Ö358Çóµ÷¼Á +4 cs0106 2026-04-04 4/200 2026-04-05 18:46 by imissbao
[¿¼ÑÐ] 085600µ÷¼Á +9 ¶«ÕÕÕÕÕÕ 2026-04-04 9/450 2026-04-05 13:44 by ujn_zhuj
[¿¼ÑÐ] ÄÐÉú£¬Ò»Ö¾Ô¸»¦9ÉúÎïѧ071000£¬³õÊÔ308Çóµ÷¼Á +3 Áõīī 2026-04-04 3/150 2026-04-05 08:26 by barlinike
[¿¼ÑÐ] Äܶ¯µ÷¼Á326ר˶ +4 wan112233 2026-04-04 4/200 2026-04-04 22:47 by yu221
[¿¼ÑÐ] Çóµ÷¼Á +4 êɹ¦? 2026-04-03 4/200 2026-04-04 21:58 by hemengdong
[¿¼ÑÐ] 387Çóµ÷¼Á +4 °®³ÔƬ¶¹ÍÁ 2026-04-03 5/250 2026-04-04 08:10 by °¶ÉϵÄÒ»ÌõÓã
[¿¼ÑÐ] µ÷¼Á0855-288 +5 xÐܶþa 2026-04-03 5/250 2026-04-04 00:19 by Öí»á·É
ÐÅÏ¢Ìáʾ
ÇëÌî´¦ÀíÒâ¼û