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小木虫论坛-学术科研互动平台» 学术交流区» 论文翻译 » 论文翻译求助完结子版 » 40金币求助实验方法翻译
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candy-king2008

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[交流] 40金币求助实验方法翻译

文献是关于苦味酸的分光光度法测定氰化物的，我自己看了下，很简单的一个介绍实验方法的，化学和环境专业的同仁都可做。文献内容不多，但急求，今晚八点前有效。金币40个，做得好，可以考虑加金币，要求不高，通顺能看懂就行。但是拒绝在线翻译和糊弄。上文已强调自己只是没时间做，但是检查质量还是有时间的。
DIRECT SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD USING PICRIC ACID REAGENT
I.  Outline
Free cyanide and weak-dissociable cyanide reacts with picric acid in solution to produce a bright orange colour which can be measured using a spectrophotometer at 520 nm. The dissolved alkali metal picrate is converted by cyanide into the coloured salt of isopurpuric acid and its concentration is measured. The presence of a small amount of nickel in analysed solutions has a positive effect on the overall performance of the method. The detection limit of this procedure is 0.26 mg/L. The method is suitable for the determination of weak acid dissociable cyanide. The reduction of picric acid is effected by free cyanide only. Cyanide that is complexed with copper, nickel, zinc or cadmium complexes can be liberated by metathesis with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) or  ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Iron-cyanide complexes, cobalt-cyanide complexes, gold-cyanide complexes, and silver-cyanide complexes do not react leaving their complexed cyanide in tact.
   The direct spectrophotometric method allows  for the measurement of 20-300 µg cyanide in a
sample aliquot of up to 75 mL. Samples containing greater than 600 µg cyanide need to be diluted.
II. Interferences
Thiocyanate, cyanate and thiosulfate ions have no adverse effects and can be tolerated at levels normally occurring in gold mill effluents. Sulfide is a source of interference, 0.1 mg S2- being
equivalent to 0.025 mg CN-. If present, sulfide ions can be readily removed by the addition of lead
salts. However, it is unlikely that mill effluents would contain sulfide at levels large enough to significantly interfere in the cyanide determination. Sulfide particles which contact the picric acid
reagent because of improper filtering of a gold bearing slurry will also cause the S2-interference.
   The method requires close control of pH since it affects the colour intensity produced by the cyanide-picric acid reaction. The most intense  coloration results at pH 9.0-9.5. For maximum sensitivity and good reproducibility  of analytical results, the picric acid reagent solution should therefore be buffered. In the present procedure a mixture of sodium tetraborate and carbonate as well as DTPA itself serve this purpose. DTPA is preferred to EDTA due to more favourable values of acid ionization constants and stability constants of some metal chelates.
III. Safety Precautions
Solutions of picric acid (trinitrophenol) are safe in ordinary laboratory use. However, in dry form the acid and especially some of its salts have explosive properties. This requires that all picric acid solutions be thoroughly washed down a sink with water. Spills must be carefully wiped up. Picric acid has the tendency of staining the skin, and wearing protective hand gloves is therefore recommended. Glass stained by picric acid is best washed with methanol or acetone.
IV. Reagents
Buffered Picric Acid Reagent，Dissolve 40g of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and 16 g of NaOH in 900-950 mL of water. Next dissolve, in the order given, 6 g of picric acid, 14 g of anhydrous sodium tetraborate or 27 g Na2B4O7.10H2O and 8 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate. The pH of this solution is 8.7, and would increase to 9.0 on a four-fold dilution. After reacting with cyanide the solution’s final pH should be 9.2-9.3. Nickel Solution, approximately 100 mg/L Ni. Dissolve 0.22 g of NiSO4.6H2O and 1 g of NaCl in 500 mL of water. Standard cyanide solution, 1000 mg/L cyanide Dissolve 2.503 g of KCN and 1 g of KOH or NaOH in water and dilute to 1 litre. Make further dilutions as necessary for the preparation of the calibrating working standard.
V.  Procedure
Transfer into a 150 mL beaker a suitable volume of samples solution which contains 1-300 µg of
cyanide. Add 1 mL of nickel solution, swirl, and dilute with water to about 70 mL. Measure about
70 mL of water in another beaker, add 1 mL of nickel solution and carry through the procedure as
the reagent blank. Add 25.0 mL of buffered picric acid reagent to each beaker and heat for 35 minutes on a hotplate with surface temperature adjusted to 1600C, without allowing to boil. If a white precipitate of calcium carbonate forms add 0.1-0.2 g of EDTA disodium salt. Cool the solutions to room temperature, transfer to 100 mL volumetric flasks and dilute to volume. Measure the absorbance of the solutions more deeply coloured than the reagent blank at 520 nm using the reagent blank as the reference. The absorbance of the reagent blank usually varies between 0.006 – 0.009 (520 nm, slit width 0.03 mm, 1 cm path cell).
VI. Calibration
Into 150 mL beakers pipette aliquots of the standard cyanide solution containing 25, 50, 100, 200
and 300 µg cyanide. Add 1 mL nickel solution to each of them, mix, and dilute to about 70 mL with water. Add 25.0 mL of buffered picric  acid reagent and proceed as described under “procedure”. Always measure absorbance against the respective reagent blank.  
Plot the absorbance readings vs. µg cyanide  added in the aliquots of the standard cyanide
solution, and construct the calibration graph.
VII.  Calculation  
Convert the absorbance reading of the aqueous solution or the extract into micrograms of cyanide using the calibration graph. Calculate the cyanide concentration in the original samples solution as follows:
mg/L CN-= A/B  where : A = µg CN- found from the graph and B = volume, in mL, of the sample solution used for the analysis.
VIII.  Reference
Iamarino, P.F. (1989) The direct spectrophotometric determination of cyanide with picric acid reagent. JRGRL June 1 1989. INCO Ltd. (based on V.J.Zatka method (JRGRL, November 1980 which was a modification of the method of D.J. Barkley and J.C. Ingles, Report 221, CANMET, (February 1970).
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candy-king2008

铜虫 (正式写手)
Free cyanide and weak-dissociable cyanide reacts with picric acid in solution to produce a bright
orange colour which can be measured using a spectrophotometer at 520 nm. The dissolved alkali
metal picrate is converted by cyanide into the coloured salt of isopurpuric acid and its
concentration is measured. The presence of a small amount of nickel in analysed solutions has a
positive effect on the overall performance of the method. The detection limit of this procedure is
0.26 mg/L. The method is suitable for the determination of weak acid dissociable cyanide.
补充一下，以上第一段的前半部分我自己已经翻译了，翻译的时候这部分就省了。
另外准备了30金币作为较高质量翻译的奖励。

[ Last edited by candy-king2008 on 2009-2-6 at 09:14 ]
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2楼2009-02-06 09:04:15
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lovelele003

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坐板凳！
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3楼2009-02-06 09:23:21
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candy-king2008

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引用回帖:
Originally posted by lovelele003 at 2009-2-6 09:23:
坐板凳！

有兴趣翻译么？我有点急用，自己还没时间，也不知道今天能不能完成，呵呵
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4楼2009-02-06 09:37:11
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lieyanbing

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★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
candy-king2008(金币+30,VIP+0):翻译的质量我还没有看，但是谢谢你解决了燃眉之急，现在你翻译到了第四部分，我先给你金币30个，希望明天如果有时间的话尽量帮我把剩下的翻译完，金币适质量给，大于等于10个。 2-6 21:02
一，概述
在溶液中，游离和弱分离的氰化物与苦味酸反应所产生明亮的橙色，使用分光光度计在520 nm可已检测到。溶解的苦味酸盐可以通过氰化物进入异红紫酸的有色盐中，也可以测定它的浓度。在分析方法中少量的镍的存在对于整个方法有积极的效应。这一程序的检出限为0.26毫克/升。该方法适合于测定弱酸性可分离的氰化物。只有游离的氰化物可以影响苦味酸的减少。
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5楼2009-02-06 15:06:33
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lieyanbing

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氰化物与铜，镍，锌或镉形成的络合物，可以通过与二乙酸（胺）或乙二胺四乙酸（乙二胺四乙酸）的置换作用而释放，铁氰络合物，钴氰络合物，金氰化络合物，银氰络合物不会反应即不会脱离其络合物形式。直接分光光度法可用于测量样本试样量高达75毫升含有20-300微克的氰化物。样本含有超过600微克氰化物需要稀释。
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6楼2009-02-06 15:27:04
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lieyanbing

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感觉内容有点多呢
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7楼2009-02-06 15:27:46
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lieyanbing

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二 干扰？
硫氰酸盐，硫代氰酸酯和离子不会产生不利影响而且可以耐受金厂废水的正常水平。硫化氢是一种干扰源， 0.1毫克的S2-相当于0.025毫克的CN -。如果存在，可以通过假如铅盐随时删除硫离子。但是，工厂废水中不可能包含硫化物浓度大的显着干扰氰化物测定。由于不恰当过滤含金泥浆，那些包含有苦味酸试剂的硫化物也将产生S2-的干扰。该方法需要密切控制pH值，因为因为它能影响氰与苦味酸反应所产生的颜色强度。最好的染色效果在pH值9.0-9.5 。
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8楼2009-02-06 15:55:28
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lieyanbing

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为了获得分析结果最大的灵敏度和最好的重现性，苦味酸试剂应是缓冲溶液。在本程序中混合物硼砂和碳酸盐以及胺本身服务于这一目的。胺由于更有利的酸电离常数及一些金属螯合物的稳定常数而选择乙二胺四乙酸。
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9楼2009-02-06 16:05:03
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lieyanbing

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三。安全防范措施
苦味酸溶液在普通实验室使用是安全的，但是，在干燥酸或是其一些盐时，具有爆炸性。这就要求所有苦味酸溶液用水彻底清洗。泄漏的必须仔细抹去了。苦味酸对皮肤有染色的能力，建议戴防护手套。玻璃被苦味酸染色后，最好用甲醇或丙酮洗。
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10楼2009-02-06 16:13:26
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