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[交流] [优秀文章推荐] Speed breeding：一种缩短作物生长周期方法已有1人参与

近日，生物预印本网站bioRxiv在线发表题为“Speed breeding: a powerful tool to accelerate crop research and breeding ”研究论文，提出一种叫做“speed breeding”的方法，采用该方法可以实现春小麦(Triticum aestivum)、硬质小麦(T. durum)、大麦(Hordeum vulgare)、鹰嘴豆(Cicer arietinum)和豌豆 (Pisum sativum) 一年培养6代，对油菜 (Brassica napus)可以一年培养4代，而传统的温室培养只能做到2-3代。

Figure 1 | Speed breeding accelerates generation time of some major crop plants for research and breeding. Compared to a glasshouse with a natural photoperiod, where only 2-3 generations of wheat, barley, chickpea and canola can be achieved per year (right), speed breeding enables 4-6 generations of these crops to be grown in a year (left).

“speed breeding”技术与传统温室培养的一个最大不同是，前者采用了22:2小时的光：暗循环，而后者采用12:12小时的光：暗循环。前者同时采用了比较节能的LED来进行补光。

Figure 2 | Accelerated plant growth and development under speed breeding (left) compared to control (right) conditions. a, Wheat (T. aestivum cv. Cadenza) at 38 days post sowing. b, Barley (H. vulgare cv. Braemar) at 41 days post sowing. c, Brachypodium (B. distachyon accession Bd21) at 36 days post sowing. Scale bar = 20 cm. d, Representative graph depicting the development stages of wheat, barley and brachypodium (x-axis in days) under speed breeding (top graph for each crop) conditions in a controlled environment chamber compared to control conditions (bottom graph for each crop) in a glasshouse in UK summer with no supplementary light or heat. e, Canola (B. napus cv. Bravo), pictured at 50 days post sowing. Scale bar = 50 cm. f, Chickpea (C. arietinum cv. Jimbour), pictured at 35 days post sowing. g, Representative graph depicting the development stages of canola and chickpea (x-axis in days) under speed breeding conditions in a supplemented glasshouse (top graph for each crop) compared to control conditions (bottom graph for each crop) in a glasshouse in Queensland, Australia, with no supplementary light or heating.

Figure 3 | Adult plant phenotypes in wheat and barley under speed breeding conditions. a, Loss of function of the awn suppressor B1 locus in T. aestivum cv. Paragon (mutant on left, wild type on right). b, Green Revolution Reduced height (Rht) dwarfing genes under speed breeding conditions. From left to right, T. aestivum cv. Maringá wild type, Maringá Rht-1, Maringá Rht-3. Scale bar = 100 cm. c, Fusarium Head Blight progression in spikes of the resistant T. aestivum cv. Sumai 3 (right) and the susceptible cv. Timstein (left) at 7 and 10 days post inoculation (dpi). d, Two instances depicting the flowering time of the F6 hybrid (right in both panels) derived from T. aestivum cv. Paragon (left in both panels) and T. aestivum landrace W352 (centre in both panels). In the left panel, the parents flower while the F6 is just beginning to boot at 44 days; in the right panel, the F6 hybrid is shown with developed spikes at 67 days when the parents have moved into senescence. e, Reduced glaucousness of Eceriferum (Cer) mutants in H. vulgare cv. Bonus.

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