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llmm0040122木虫 (著名写手)
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【求助】【翻译几段话 汉译英 请高手帮忙 急切盼望中】
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每段话 第一个翻好的且不是随便乱翻的给50金币 ，绝对承诺。。。 谢谢大家了~~！！急切中 Luan, Pinnavaia 和 Zhao 等[9-11]都报道过，MCM-41合成中加入中性盐可以提高介孔的稳定性。由于SBA-15是在酸性体系下制备的,介孔分子筛的形成一般经历了(S0H+)X-I+自组装过程(I为带正电的硅物种, X－为卤离子或酸根阴离子; S0则为表面活性剂), 无机物种正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)发生反应(1), 同时表面活性剂中的亲水基EO在强酸性条件下与水合氢离子相互作用发生反应(2) (这里R为烷基或聚丙烯氧基, X－为 Cl-, F -, I-, NO3- 等)。在 Si(OC2H5)4水解过程中, Si(C2H5O)4-n(OH2+ )n物种参与了与表面活性剂基团(head groups)的氢键相互作用, 即(S0H+)X-I+相互作用如下：REOmy[(EO)•H3O+]y •••yX•••(OH2+ )n(C2H5O)4-nSi。硅烷醇的进一步水解和缩合, 产生了胶束短程的(六方)密堆积排列[12]。而文献[13,14]等报道, 结晶过程中的盐效应可以削弱硅酸根与表面活性剂之间的相互作用, 因而将促进聚集体形态的变化，通过研究无机盐在不同温度、不同浓度以及不同嵌段共聚物表面活性剂体系中对合成介孔分子筛的影响,已提出具有“盐析作用”的无机盐,例如NaCl , K2SO4 等,可以降低嵌段高分子表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度和临界胶束温度,因而能够大大提高有机物种的自组装能力, 拓宽有序介孔材料的合成相区及可以使用的表面活性剂种类,提高所合成的介孔材料的质量[15]。由于Na+，NH4+，K+、Cl-是盐析离子,而NO3-是盐助溶离子。由于Na+，K+和Cl-都是盐析离子,会促使模板剂 P123中的亲水聚乙氧基 ( PEO ) 段脱水而增强胶束中的非极性环境,减少了嵌入孔壁的PEO数量；同时金属盐的加入减小了胶束的热力学半径,因此 SBA-15试样的微孔体积、孔径、比表面积和总孔体积都随NaCl含量的增加而减小。 图2为加入不同种类无机盐得到的SBA-15的XRD谱图。从图2可以看出，加入NaCl后的SBA-15的XRD谱图在2θ约为1-2°附近没有明显的特征衍射峰[6,16-17]，而KCl、NH4Cl加入后的SBA-15的XRD谱图在2θ约为1-2°附近出现了三个明显的特征衍射峰，这是由于Na+离子的引入促使模板剂 P123中的亲水聚乙氧基 ( PEO ) 段脱水而增强胶束中的非极性环境,减少了嵌入孔壁的PEO数量，导致最终无法形成有序的SBA-15介孔结构。此外，通过比较加入NaCl、KCl和NH4Cl后的SBA-15的XRD谱图还可以看出，不同种类的无机盐对SBA-15介孔分子筛的孔道有序度的影响不同。因此，我们可以总结出如下规律：盐析效应：Na+>K+>NH4+>Cl->F-，而NO3-离子有很强的助溶效应；在合成过程中引入一定量的无机盐可以有效改善硅物种与表面活性剂P123结合组装生成有序排列结构的环境条件，选择合适的无机盐种类和引入量，可以有效地对SBA-15介孔材料进行结构与形貌的调变。 1992年美国Mobil公司成功开发出M41S系列介孔分子筛，由于其具有较大的比表面积和孔体积，以及均一的介孔孔道[1]，因而引起了广大科研工作者的广泛关注，但是M41S家族普遍存在孔壁薄，水热稳定性较差的缺陷。1998年，Zhao等[2]首次以聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯三嵌段共聚物(P123) 模板剂在酸性条件下合成出介孔分子筛SBA-15。SBA-15介孔分子筛具有与MCM-41可比的高比表面积和孔容，特别是拥有比MCM-41更大的孔径（4.6-30nm）和较厚的孔壁[3,4]，以及优越的稳定性，而且三嵌段共聚物可生物降解、无毒价廉，满足了环保和经济发展的需求。因此SBA-15介孔分子筛在大分子分离、催化吸附和生物组装等方面显示出广泛的应用前景[5,6]，关于SBA-15介孔分子筛的合成和应用研究，成为近年来研究的热点之一[7,8]。目前直接合成杂原子掺杂的SBA-15的研究较少[9-10]。Yue等[11-13]报道了Al-SBA-15的合成，但焙烧过的材料中含有大量骨架外Al物种，而且文献没有给出材料的Si/Al比。肖丰收[14]用含沸石前体的溶液成功的在酸性条件下将Al掺杂到微孔中孔复合分子筛材料的骨架中。2004年，他们又报道两步pH调节的方法合成了Al-SBA-15[15]，此后李瑛也采用两步调节pH法合成了Al-SBA-15[16]。2005年，Li[17]报道了不同铝源对Al-SBA-15形貌的影响。其它关于Al-SBA-15的合成均是采用浸渍或后嫁接等方法合成的[18]。 |
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llmm0040122(金币+50,VIP+0):xiexie
iamzane(金币-49,VIP+0):收回金币
iamzane(金币-2,VIP+0):请勿照搬翻译软件（譬如XX快译等的自动译作）进行不负责任的应助，否则按捣乱论处，给予相应处罚！
llmm0040122(金币+50,VIP+0):xiexie
iamzane(金币-49,VIP+0):收回金币
iamzane(金币-2,VIP+0):请勿照搬翻译软件（譬如XX快译等的自动译作）进行不负责任的应助，否则按捣乱论处，给予相应处罚！
| Luan, Pinnavaia and Zhao, etc. [9-11] has been reported, MCM-41 synthesis by adding a neutral salt can increase the stability of mesoporous. Since the SBA-15 was prepared by acid system, the formation of mesoporous molecular sieves in general has experienced (S0H +) X-I + self-assembly process (I was positively charged silicon species, X-for halogen ion or radical anion; S0 compared with surfactant), inorganic species TEOS (TEOS) reaction (1), at the same time surfactant in the hydrophilic EO in strong acidic conditions and interaction between hydrogen ion hydration reaction (2) ( Here R is alkyl or polypropylene oxygen, X-for Cl-, F -, I-, NO3-, etc.). In Si (OC2H5) 4 hydrolysis process, Si (C2H5O) 4-n (OH2 +) n species involved and the surfactant group (head groups) of hydrogen bonding interaction, namely, (S0H +) X-I + interaction as follows: REOmy [(EO) • H3O +] y • • • yX • • • (OH2 +) n (C2H5O) 4-nSi. Silane alcohol further hydrolysis and condensation, resulting in a micelle short (six-party) with dense accumulation of [12]. The literature [13,14] and other reports, the crystallization of salt effect in the process of silicic acid can weaken the root and surfactants interaction between, and therefore, will promote changes in aggregate form, through the study of inorganic salt in different temperatures, different concentrations, as well as different block copolymer surfactant system of synthetic effects of mesoporous molecular sieves have been raised by a "salting-out effect" of inorganic salts, such as NaCl, K2SO4 etc., can reduce the block polymer surfactant critical micelle concentration and the critical micelle temperature, which can greatly enhance the self-assembled organic species ability to broaden the ordered mesoporous materials synthesis phase and can use the types of surfactants to enhance the synthesis of mesoporous materials quality [15]. As a result of Na +, NH4 +, K +, Cl-is the salting-out ions, and NO3-is dissolved salt ions. As a result of Na +, K + and Cl-are salting-out ions, will lead to the template of P123 ethoxy hydrophilic poly (PEO) micelles enhance dehydration paragraph of non-polar environment, reducing the hole wall embedded in the PEO quantity; At the same time, the addition of salt decreases the micelle radius of thermodynamics, the SBA-15 sample micropore volume, pore size, surface area and total pore volume with NaCl content are increasing. |
2楼2008-12-27 14:55:07
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llmm0040122(金币+50,VIP+0):谢谢
iamzane(金币-49,VIP+0):收回金币
iamzane(金币-2,VIP+0):请勿照搬翻译软件（譬如XX快译等的自动译作）进行不负责任的应助，否则按捣乱论处，给予相应处罚！
llmm0040122(金币+50,VIP+0):谢谢
iamzane(金币-49,VIP+0):收回金币
iamzane(金币-2,VIP+0):请勿照搬翻译软件（譬如XX快译等的自动译作）进行不负责任的应助，否则按捣乱论处，给予相应处罚！
| Figure 2 for the different types of salts have been SBA-15 of the XRD spectra. As can be seen from Figure 2, by adding NaCl after the SBA-15 in the XRD spectra of 2θ of about 1-2 ° and no obvious characteristics of the diffraction peak [6,16-17], and KCl, NH4Cl accession to the post-SBA - XRD spectra of 15 in the 2θ of about 1-2 ° in the vicinity of the three obvious characteristics of the diffraction peak, which is due to the Na + ion to the introduction of the template in the P123 ethoxylate hydrophilic poly (PEO) and dehydration paragraph Micelle enhance the non-polar environment, a decrease of holes into the walls of the number of PEO, leading to the final form can not be ordered SBA-15 mesoporous structure. In addition, by comparing the accession to the NaCl, KCl and NH4Cl after the SBA-15 of the XRD spectra also can be seen, different kinds of inorganic salts on the SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieve and orderly channels of the impact of different degrees. As a result, we can sum up the law as follows: salting-out effect: Na +> K +> NH4 +> Cl-> F-, and NO3-ion has a strong effect melting help; synthesis in the process of introducing a certain amount of inorganic salt can be effective in improving Silicon species and surfactant assembly combined to generate P123 arranged in an orderly structure of the environmental conditions, choose the right type of inorganic salt and the introduction of volume, can be effectively SBA-15 mesoporous materials with the structural shape of the modulation. |
3楼2008-12-28 02:46:00
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llmm0040122(金币+50,VIP+0):谢谢啊
iamzane(金币-49,VIP+0):收回金币
iamzane(金币-2,VIP+0):请勿照搬翻译软件（譬如XX快译等的自动译作）进行不负责任的应助，否则按捣乱论处，给予相应处罚！
llmm0040122(金币+50,VIP+0):谢谢啊
iamzane(金币-49,VIP+0):收回金币
iamzane(金币-2,VIP+0):请勿照搬翻译软件（譬如XX快译等的自动译作）进行不负责任的应助，否则按捣乱论处，给予相应处罚！
| Mobil of the United States in 1992, the company successfully developed a series M41S mesoporous molecular sieve, due to its larger surface area and pore volume, as well as the uniform of mesoporous channels [1], and has thus given rise to vast numbers of scientific researchers of the attention, but the family M41S The prevalence of thin-walled hole, the thermal stability of poor water deficiencies. In 1998, Zhao, etc. [2] for the first time to PEO - oxygen-propylene - PEO copolymer (P123) template in the acidic conditions synthesized mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15. SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieve MCM-41 with comparable high surface area and volume, in particular those with MCM-41 greater than the diameter (4.6-30nm) and thick-walled hole [4], as well as superior The stability of the three-block copolymer and biodegradable, non-toxic low-cost, to meet the environmental protection and economic development. Therefore, SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieve in the separation of macromolecules, catalytic absorption and biological assembly, and so on show a wide range of applications [6], on the SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieve synthesis and applied research, studies in recent years become a hot spot One of the [7-8]. At present, the direct synthesis of heteroatom doping SBA-15 study less [9-10]. Yue, etc. [11-13] reported that the Al-SBA-15 synthesis, but have been baking the material contains a large number of skeletons outside Al species, and the literature has not given the material Si / Al ratio. Xiao harvest [14] containing zeolite precursor of the success of the solution in acidic conditions to the Al-doped mesopore pore zeolite composite materials in the skeleton. In 2004, they reported that two-step method of adjusting pH of the synthesis of Al-SBA-15 [15], since Li Ying also adjust pH two-step synthesis of the Al-SBA-15 [16]. In 2005, Li [17] reported that various sources of aluminum on the Al-SBA-15 appearance. On the other Al-SBA-15 synthesis are supported by impregnation or after grafting and other methods of synthesis [18]. |
4楼2008-12-28 02:46:46
llmm0040122
木虫 (著名写手)
妈呀~~~超人啊o(∩_∩)o...
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5楼2008-12-28 10:15:26
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iamzane(金币-1,VIP+0):3q
iamzane(金币+3,VIP+0):3q
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LZ我可以告诉你他是用什么翻译的，http://translate.google.cn/?hl=zh-CN 版规明确说了不能直接用软件或者在线翻译之后就当做应助的~ 建议您和版主说一声，收回金币吧，你如果想得到好的翻译，在翻译版里有几个强人你可以单独PM他们的......像这样”翻译“的首先语句就有很多不通顺的，而且LZ是来求助的，这样糊弄人，怕是于情于理都说不过去吧？ [ Last edited by demonlcy on 2008-12-28 at 12:09 ] |
6楼2008-12-28 11:55:43
llmm0040122
木虫 (著名写手)
妈呀~~~超人啊o(∩_∩)o...
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7楼2008-12-28 12:59:26
llmm0040122
木虫 (著名写手)
妈呀~~~超人啊o(∩_∩)o...
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8楼2008-12-28 17:21:30
