24小时热门版块排行榜

返回列表

zzurh

铁杆木虫 (著名写手)

应助: 39 (小学生)
金币: 9601.1
帖子: 1873
在线: 891.1小时
虫号: 1032885

[交流] 2017电化学方向法国CSC博士招生

项目一：
Doctoral School             ED 388 - Chimie Physique et Analytique Paris Centre
Subject title       Investigating the reactivity of transparent nanostructured electrodes modified by a porphyrin film
Advisor(s)                      Dr. V. Balland (email: veronique.balland@univ-paris-diderot.fr)
Lab and research team       Laboratory of Molecular Electrochemistry (UMR CNRS 7591)
Website                      https://www.lemp7.cnrs.fr/
Address                      Bat. Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean Antoine de Baif. 75205 Paris, FRANCE
Institute                      University Paris Diderot
Research axis                      SET                               Working language: English

Description of the thesis project
Transparent nanostructured electrodes based on metal oxide are a new electrode type with tremendous development over the past decades because of a wide spectrum of applications. They exhibit a unique combination of high specific area, good transparency in the visible range, and (semi-)conductive properties. They thus allow for the controlled preparation of functional three dimensional electrodes for applications combining electrons and light, ranging from dye-sensitized solar cells to photoanodes for fuel generation. Most of these applications require functionalization of the mesoporous film to introduce the proper molecular photosensitizer and/or catalyst. This crucial step remains however a challenge as most of the functionalization procedure developed on metal oxide surfaces are poorly stable, especially in aqueous solutions. The purpose of the present research project is to fill this gap by investigating the electrochemical reduction of diazonium salts at conductive and semiconductive mesoporous metal oxide electrodes to covalently graft molecular functionalities. We will focus on porphyrin films, and investigate their reactivity toward activation of small molecules (O2, CO2, H2O) by an innovative real-time spectroelectroanalytical methodology. The project involves collaborations for (1) preparation of highly controlled nanostructured metal oxide films (Dr. K. Harris, University of Alberta, Canada) and (2) the synthesis of aminoporphyrin precursor (Dr. D. Lucas, University of Bourgogne, France).

Funding type: Master II + 36 months PhD
Master: Frontiers in Chemistry - Master Paris Diderot - Paris 7

项目二：
Doctoral School             ED 388 - Chimie Physique et Analytique Paris Centre
Subject title                      Designing a novel signal amplification strategy for ultrasensitive
                              electrochemical detection of nucleic acids at room temperature
Advisor(s)                      Dr. B. Limoges (email: limoges@univ-paris-diderot.fr)
Lab and research team       Laboratory of Molecular Electrochemistry (UMR CNRS 7591)
Website                      https://www.lemp7.cnrs.fr/
Address                      Bat. Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean Antoine de Baif. 75205 Paris, FRANCE
Institute                      University Paris Diderot
Research axis                      SET                               Working language: English

Description of the project
Context. The development of portable, easy-to-use, fast, and inexpensive sensitive nucleic acid assays for point-of-care diagnosis of infectious diseases or pathogenic agents at ressources-limited locations (e.g., local clinics, small hospitals or in places where the infection originates) is an important step forward in worldwide public health, forensic analysis, food industry or environmental monitoring.1 However, many nucleic acid assays requires rather sophisticated and costly analytical instruments that cannot easily operate outside a laboratory environment. This is typically the case of real-time fluorescence-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which, regardless of its exquisite sensitivity (single molecule detection), extreme specific, high accuracy, and ability to provide quantitative results with limited risks of cross-contamination, requires relatively bulky, costly, and energy-intensive thermocycling equipments. For these reasons, intense research effort is currently achived to substitute PCR by isothermal DNA amplification strategies that do not require temperature-regulating equipment, opening thus the door to the development of miniaturized and transportable low-cost healthcare devices for DNA testing.2 The most common isothermal methods include multiple displacement amplification,3a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification,3b rolling circle amplification,3c helicase-dependent amplification,3d loop-mediated isothermal amplification,3e or exponential amplification reaction,3f each having its own advantages and limitations. Many of these techniques however still require a heating of the samples (from 40 to 65 °C) with a precise temperature control as well as complex sets of primers, enzymes and handling procedures, therefore restricting their potential scope of applications for point-of-care analysis. Another inconvenient of these methods is that they are generally associated to fluorescent-based optical detection systems that are not so easily amenable to the development of cost-effective and low-power handheld readout devices. By comparision, nonoptical detection systems such as electrochemical readouts can overcome these limitations since they are inherently more robust, simpler, less expensive and easier to miniaturize than optical ones, with the further advantages of being capable to work in cloudy and/or colored samples. Until now, only a few efforts have been made to combine the advantages of electrochemical detections with isothermal DNA amplications and most of them were based on an heterogeneous assay wherein the amplification process occurs directly on the electrode surface. The problem with heterogeneous formats is their higher complexity and demand in terms of electrode preparation, as well as their slower DNA hybridization and enzyme kinetics compared with homogeneous assays. The development of faster and easier-to-use electrochemical detection strategies such as those taking advantage of homogeneous DNA hybridization remains thus highly desirable.
Project. The main objective of the PhD’s projet will be to develop novel signal amplification strategies for ultrasensitive and specific electrochemical detection of nucleic acids in biological samples at room temperature (i.e. without need of sample heating). The signal amplification will take advantage of DNA target recycling strategies (wherein a nucleic acid sequence takes part in multiple hybridization events) instead of DNA self-replication to achieve a greatly enhanced sensitivity. The projet will built on our previous pionnering works on this topic.4 It is essential that the PhD candidat has a strong background in chemistry, analytical chemistry, chemical biology and/or molecular biology as well as an interest in the development of new biotechnologies for applications in the field of molecular diagnosis or bioanalysis. Knowledge in electroanalytical techniques or bioelectrochemistry would be an added value.
Funding type: Master II + 36 months PhD
Master: Frontiers in Chemistry - Master Paris Diderot - Paris 7
1. (a) T. M-H. Lee and I-M. Hsing, Anal. Chim. Acta 2006, 556, 26–37. (b) A. Niemz, T.M. Ferguson and D.S. Boyle, Trends Biotechnol, 2011, 29, 240.
2. P. Craw and W. Balachandran, Lab on chip, 2012, 12, 2469.
3. (a) F. B. Dean, S. Hosono, L. Fang, X. Wu, A. F. Faruqi, P. Bray-Ward, Z. Sun, Q. Zong, Y. Du, J. Du, M. Driscoll, W. Song, S. F. Kingsmore, M. Egholm and R. S. Lasken, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2002, 99, 5261–6. (b) J. Compton, Nature 1991, 350, 91–2. (c) P. Lizardi, X. Huang, Z. Zhu, P. Bray-Ward, D. Thomas and D. Ward, Nat. Genet. 1998, 19, 225–32. (d) M. Vincent, Y. Xu and H. Kong, EMBO Rep. 2004, 5, 795–800. (e) T. Notomi, H. Okayama, H. Masubuchi, T. Yonekawa, K. Watanabe, N. Amino and T. Hase, Nucleic Acids Res. 2000, 28, e63. (f) J. Van Ness, L. K. Van Ness, D. J. Galas, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2003, 100, 4504–9.
4. (a) T. Deféver, M. Druet, D. Evrard, D. Marchal, B. Limoges, Anal. Chem. 2011, 83, 1815–21. (b) T. Deféver, M. Druet, M. Rochelet-Dequaire, M. Joannes, C. Grossiord, B. Limoges, D. Marchal, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 11433–41. (c) F. Kivlehan, F. Mavré, L. Talini, B. Limoges, D. Marchal, Analyst 2011, 136, 3635-42. (d) R. Miranda-Castro, D. Marchal, B. Limoges, F. Mavré, Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 8772–4. (e) L. Zhang, R. Miranda-Castro, C. Stines-Chaumeil, N. Mano, G. Xu, F. Mavré, B. Limoges, Anal. Chem. 2014, 86, 2257–67. (f) A. Martin, L. Bouffier, K. B. Grant, B. Limoges, D. Marchal, Analyst, 2016, 141, 4196–3. (g) A. Martin, K. B. Grant, F. Stressmann, J-M. Ghigo, D. Marchal, B. Limoges, ACS Sensors, 2016, 1, 904–12.

如若感兴趣，可以直接和相关老师联系，也可发送个人简历至我的个人邮箱（heng.rao@univ-paris-diderot.fr）。

回复此楼