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Iron(III) reduction-induced phosphate precipitation during anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge
from a wastewater treatment plant was investigated for phosphorus removal and possible recovery. The
digestion of sludge with Fe(III) amendments was performed in batch assays using hematite and ferrihy?drite as the iron sources. Aqueous phosphate concentrations as high as 316 mg/L (as P) were observed in
the Fe(III)-free controls after 30 d of digestion, demonstrating waste activated sludge to be an excellent
material for phosphorus recovery. Ferrihydrite-Fe(III) was effectively reduced during the digestion,
whereas the reduction of hematite-Fe(III) was insignificant. Phosphate removal in the Fe(III) amended
sludge was closely related to the extent of Fe(III) reduction. Compared with the controls, 53% of aqueous
phosphate in the ferrihydrite-amended sludge was removed as Fe(III) reduction occurred. The analyses of
the phosphate and Fe(II) flows indicate that the removed aqueous phosphate was generally via Fe(II)
bounded precipitates.
2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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