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[资源] Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications（1.2.3合集）免费下载

Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications（1.2.3）三本书的合集
Foreword

This remarkable Handbook covers the broad field of laser science and technology. It does so with clarity so
that it can be useful to individuals with a wide variety of backgrounds, and with care and completeness so
that those interested in specialized applications of lasers should also find it useful. It is a large handbook,
more than 130 chapters and 170 expert authors—too large for a briefcase, but so complete and useful that it
may be a necessity for any scientific or technical library.
When Arthur Schawlow and I first completed a description of how a laser might be made and properties
of its radiation, many scientific friends teased me by questioning whether it would be of any use. It clearly
married optics and electronics, both of which have wide applications, but as a new breakthrough most of its
virtues and applications weren't easily visualized by the technical community. By now, these friends and
others have recognized and developed a wealth of striking applications to both technology and science. For
science, lasers have provided powerful and precise new scientific tools which have already been used in a
number of Nobel Prize winning discoveries. In technology, the variety of applications and new possibilities
opened up are now stunning. Laser applications certainly have further to go, but the community of scientists
and engineers have developed the field rapidly, so that very likely a large fraction of the ultimate uses are at
least visualized even if not yet fully developed and exploited. In my view, the field is in its adolescence, i.e. a
stage where its potential and possibilities are evident, but there is still much to come. The present Handbook
provides the information and background both for uses and for further development of the field.
Lasers give us exceptional precision in the measurement of distances and of time. They provide very
sensitive tools for control, flexible operations, and new manufacturing methods. They also provide fantastic
power and energy intensity essentially more than any other available source. They cover a wide range of
wavelengths, from infrared to x-rays, representing a wavelength ratio of about one million. The bandwidth
available for information transmission is in principle large enough to put all present communications on a
single beam. Laser pulses can be so short that they have measured the vibrations of molecules and fast
molecular reactions. Radiation intensity produced by lasers brings us easily into the field of nonlinear optics,
where photons interact with each other and produce a wide range of new phenomena. Today's lasers also
come in many varieties—from small dots to systems the size of a large building, with costs varying from
'peanuts' to billions of dollars.
The technical fields strongly impacted by lasers are wide-ranging, from medicine, to communications,
manufacturing, (cutting or shaping the hardest materials or the most delicate), production of temperatures
from the coolest ever achieved to the hottest, and with still more to come. Lasers provide delicate and gentle
control of molecules or micro-organisms but also create some of our hottest and most violent media. They
range from everyday use at the counter of grocery stores or in the classroom to some of the most esoteric and
advanced science and technology. Laser technology is thus already a large and varied industry of importance
both to scientific discovery and to our daily lives. It will continue to grow, and the present Handbook can
play an important role in this growth.
This Handbook covers essentially all known areas of technical applications of lasers, using simple and
understandable language, but also sophistication and understanding which its many specialists have been able
to provide. It should be useful both to those who want to explore the field or some related idea for the first
time, and those looking for advanced and rigorous discussion along with references to scientific and technical
papers on aspects of special interest.
I am delighted to see this excellent and useful summary of laser technology. I expect it to be much
welcomed by, and useful to, the technical community and a significant factor in further generation of ideas
and growth of the field.
Charles Townes

Introduction

The invention of the laser must surely be regarded one of the towering achievements of the 20th century and
yet, for the first 10 years, many called it 'a solution in search of a problem'. The sheer amount of knowledge
encapsulated in the three volumes that make up this Handbook, describing the applications and technologies
that lasers have enabled, shows just how mistaken that early judgement was.
Laser technology touches almost every aspect of daily life in the 21 st Century. From telecommunications
to data storage, and everything from supermarket bar codes to eye surgery, much of modern technology
depends on the capabilities that lasers have made possible.
The very diversity and ubiquity of lasers and their applications, evident from the scope of these three
volumes, frustrates any attempt at a comprehensive editorial introduction to the subject. Every member of
the professional laser community will have their own perspective, and I hope that the reader will forgive my
presentation of a personal view.
My own research career started shortly after Schawlow and Townes published their 1959 paper, with
its prediction that MASER1 action should be possible at optical frequencies. I was the first graduate student
outside the USA to start on a doctorate in the field of Optical Masers (the word LASER had not yet been
defined, even as an acronym). I remember being asked by other new graduate students at the Clarendon Lab
in Oxford in 1960 'What use will this optical maser be—even if it works?' My response was to repeat the
words of my supervisor John Sanders—something along the lines of 'It might be used for fundamental length
standards, or perhaps for transmitting messages by sending a beam from an optical maser to a receiving
station'. As it turned out both these predictions have come true and both form subjects of chapters in this
Handbook (chapter D2.1 for fundamental metrology and section D4 for communications). However, I don't
think anyone could have foreseen the myriad of laser types and applications that have sprung from the device
which in 1960 was often described as a mere scientific curiosity. It has been my privilege to spend my entire
research career as both spectator and participant in the unfolding of this story over the past forty three years.
In compiling this Handbook Julian Jones and I, together with our very distinguished international board
of subject editors, have sought to provide a balanced coverage of the many topics which can be described
as belonging to 'Laser Technology and Applications'. Our objective has been to provide a reference work
which will have enduring and practical value for those who are newcomers to the subject as well as experts
and practitioners in the field who wish to extend their knowledge.
Of course, no work such as this can ever claim to be complete or final; the subject is constantly growing
and evolving. However, we have tried to pull together those aspects that seem to us likely to form the
fundamental building blocks for new developments. We hope that the contents will be as relevant to future
researchers as to engineers and managers of technological enterprises today.
For the new researcher entering the field, the book will be especially valuable because of the extensive
references to current literature accompanying each of the articles. This will provide the key to tracing topics
back to their origins, and finding out the background and status of recent developments. In one way then,
today's novices are to be regarded as fortunate to have such a wealth of information at their disposal—although
I cannot help feeling that in some ways my own situation was somewhat simpler when I started when all
there was to read was Born's Optik, Mitchell and Zemanski's Resonance Radiation and Excited Atoms and of
1 'Microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation'.
course the Schawlow and Townes paper. However the field is now so huge and there is no lack of challenging
problems for the enterprising young researcher to take on.
Bringing this book from concept to fruition has required a great deal of effort by a large number of
people. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the immense amount of help and guidance given by the members of
the Editorial Board: Clive Ireland, John Marsh, Minaru Obara, Richard Powell, Richard Shoemaker and Ian
White—and the members of the Advisory Board: Walther Goethals, Mike Green, Mohammed Tagizadeh,
Lance Thomas, Kunihiro Washio, Godfrey Beddard, Denis Hall, Terry King and Brian Wilson. Without the
rich pool of wisdom and experience they provided the task would have been impossible. I am also personally
indebted to Steve Bown, Joe Taylor, Henry Hutchinson, Steve Rose, Patrick Gill, and Giovanni Cennamo for
providing valuable contributions at very short notice when gaps in coverage became apparent at late stages
in the preparation of the text.
The Commissioning Editor at IOP Publishing who started off this project was Nikki Dennis, handing
over to David Morris who carried the project through its most substantial stages; but it has been finally
brought to completion by Karen Donnison and John Navas, and taken into production by Sarah Plenty. It is
a pleasure to thank all the members of the IOPP staff who have been concerned with the project—they have
had to deal with the input from 170 authors. However, the member of IOPP staff who bore the main brunt
of ensuring that the project did not abort throughout its three years of gestation was David Morris to whose
patience, persistence and unfailing politeness these volumes are a testimony.
Finally my thanks above all are due to Julian Jones who, despite his heavy responsibilities of Head of
Department at Heriot-Watt University, has undertaken the job of Executive Editor from the very beginning of
the project. His dedication, unflappable attitude and abiding good humour, as well as his wealth of experience,
allowed us to deal with the several crises that arose without our falling out even once.
Colin Webb
Editor-in-Chief
The Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford, June 2003

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[ Last edited by wuli8 on 2008-11-9 at 15:44 ]

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