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mandy831

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Chapter One ÎÄÕ¿ªÍ·¾äÐÍ

1-1 ¶ÔÁ¢·¨ : ÏÈÒý³öÆäËûÈ˵IJ»Í¬¿´·¨,È»ºóÌá³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨»òÕ߯«ÏòÓÚijһ¿´·¨,

ÊÊÓÃÓÚÓÐÕùÒéÐÔµÄÖ÷Ìâ.

ÀýÈç(e.g)

[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.

[2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)

[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....

1-2 ÏÖÏó·¨ Òý³öÒªÆÊÎöµÄÏÖÏó»òÕßÎÊÌâ, È»ºóÆÀÂÛ .

e.g

[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.

[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)

[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

----- To be continued !!

1-3 ¹Ûµã·¨ ----¿ªÃżûɽ,Ö±½ÓÁ˵±µØÌá³ö×Ô¼º¶ÔÒªÌÖÂÛµÄÎÊÌâµÄ¿´·¨.

e.g:

[1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ... Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/popular than...

[2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

[3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......

[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......

1-4 ÒýÓ÷¨ ----- ÏÈÒý³öÃûÈËÃûÑÔ»òÕßÓдú±íÐԵĿ´·¨, À´Òý³öÎÄÕÂÒªÕ¹¿ªÂÛÊöµÄ¹Ûµã!

e.g:

[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people .

"Education is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.

[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this .

In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......".

1-5 ±È½Ï·¨ ------ ͨ¹ý¶Ô¹ýÈ¥,ÏÖÔÚ Á½ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄÇãÏò,¹ÛµãµÄ±È½Ï , Òý³öÎÄÕÂÒªÌÖÂ۵Ĺ۵ã.

e.g:

[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .

[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new.

1-6 ¹ÊÊ·¨ ---- ÏȽ²Ò»¸ö½Ï¶ÌµÄ¹ÊÊÂÀ´Òý·¢¶ÁÕßµÄÐËȤ, Òý³öÎÄÕµÄÖ÷Ìâ.

e.g:

[1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt .... The phenemenon of ... has aroused public concern.

[2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.

[3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.

1-8 ÎÊÌâ·¨ ----- ÏÈÓÃÌÖÂÛ»ò½â´ðµÄÉèÎÊ, Òý³ö×Ô¼º¹Ûµã, ÊÊÓÃÓÚÓÐÕùÒéÐԵϰÌâ.

e.g:

Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., others ...

But in my opinion , ...... .

Chapter 2 ÎÄÕÂÖмäÖ÷ÌåÄÚÈݾäÐÍ

Ô­Òò½á¹û·ÖÎö

3-1-1. »ù±¾Ô­Òò --- ·ÖÎöijÊÂÎïʱ, Óô˾äÐÍ˵Ã÷Æä»ù±¾µÄ»òÕß¶à·½ÃæµÄÔ­Òò.

e.g:

[1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ...

[2]. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing... For another...... Still another ...

[3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect .... /both individual and social contribute to ....

3-1-2 ÁíÒ»Ô­Òò --------> ÔÚ·ÖÎöÁË»ù±¾Ô­ÒòÖ®ºó, ÔÙ²¹³äÒ»¸ö´ÎÒªµÄ»òÕ߸üÖØÒªÊ±ÓÃ!

e.g:

[1]. Another important factor is ....

[2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem.

[3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....

3-1-3 ºó¹ûÓ°Ïì --------- ·ÖÎöijÊÂÎï¿ÉÄÜÔì³ÉµÄºó¹û»òÕß´øÀ´µÄÓ°Ïì .

e.g:

[1]. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....

[2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........

±È½Ï¶ÔÕÕ¾äÐÍ

3-2-1. Á½Õß±È½Ï ---> ±È½ÏÁ½ÊÂÎï, Ҫ˵³öÆäÒ»³¬¹ýÁíÒ»¸ö, »ò¿Ï¶¨Ò»ÊÂÎïµÄÓŵã, Ò²¿Ï¶¨ÆäȱµãµÄʱºòÓà !

e.g:

[1]. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B.

[2]. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.

[3]. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.

3-2-2 . Á½ÕßÏàͬ/ÏàËÆ ------> ±È½ÏÁ½ÊÂÎﹲͬ¶¼ÓлòÕß¹²Í¬¶¼Ã»ÓеÄÌØµãʱÓÃ!

e.g:

[1]. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that.....

[2]. A bears some sriking resemblance(s) to B.

Chapter Three ÎÄÕ½áβÐÎʽ

2-1 ½áÂÛÐÔ--------- ͨ¹ý¶ÔÎÄÕÂÇ°ÃæµÄÌÖÂÛ ,Òý³ö»òÖØÉêÎÄÕµÄÖÐÐÄ˼Ïë¼°¹Ûµã .

e.g:

[1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .....

[2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .......

2-2 ºó¹ûÐÔ------ ½ÒʾËùÌÖÂÛµÄÎÊÌâÈô²»½â¾ö, ½«²úÉúµÄÑÏÖØºó¹û.

e.g:

[1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of .......

[2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger.

2-3 ºÅÕÙÐÔ -------- ºôÓõ¶ÁÕßÐж¯ÆðÀ´, ²ÉÈ¡Ðж¯»òÌáÇë×¢Òâ.

e.g:

[1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendcy of ......

[2]. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.

2-4 ½¨ÒéÐÔ -------- ¶ÔËùÌÖÂÛµÄÎÊÌâÌá³ö½¨ÒéÐÔµÄÒâ¼û, °üÀ¨½¨ÒéºÍ¾ßÌåµÄ½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄ·½·¨.

e.g:

[1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is .....

[2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.

2-5 ·½ÏòÐԵĽáβ·½Ê½ ---- ÆäÓ뽨ÒéÐÔµÄΨһ²î±ð¾ÍÊǶÔÎÊÌâ½â¾öÌá³ö×ܵÄ, ´óÌåµÄ·½Ïò»òÕßÖ¸Ã÷ǰ¾°.

e.g:

[1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .

[2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/benefical.

[3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty , but ........

2--6 ÒâÒåÐԵĽáβ·½Ê½ --------> ÎÄÕ½áβµÄʱºò,´Ó¸ü¸ßµÄ¸üеĽǶÈÖ¸³öËùÌÖÂÛµÄÎÊÌâµÄÖØÒªÐÔÒÔ¼°ÆäÉîÔ¶µÄÒâÒå!
e.g:

[1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also benefit .....

[2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly
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