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[资源] 武汉理工余家国教授最新分等级光催化剂综述（Chemical Society Reviews出品）

武汉理工余家国教授作为第一通讯作者在Chemical Society Reviews上发表了一篇名为“Hierarchical photocatalysts”的综述文章(3月10日在线发表)，全文共34页，参考文献445篇。

能源与环境是本世纪科学研究的两大主题,半导体光催化技术在解决环境污染与能源短缺方面表现出巨大的潜力。半导体光催化是一门集光学、电化学、材料学、表面化学和催化化学于一体的综合性学科,其特征是半导体材料通过有效吸收光能产生具有极强氧化能力和还原能力的光生空穴和电子,在催化剂的表面发生直接或者间接的氧化或还原反应。但是,半导体光催化材料的研究面临着两大科学难题：量子产率低下,光响应范围比较窄,解决这两大问题是开发新型高效光催化材料的关键。通常，半导体材料的形貌、结晶取向、晶粒尺寸、复杂度及表面结构等微纳米尺度特征对其光学和电学特性以及光催化性能有很大的影响。通过模仿植物叶子表面的分等级多孔结构,科学家们近年来提出了“仿生光催化”新概念,为制备高活性光催化材料提供了新的思路。在多维尺度范围内，利用纳米尺度的组装体(例如纳米簇、纳米带、纳米线、纳米片、纳米管等)分等级自组装成奇特的多维结构半导体成为光催化领域极具吸引力与应用前景的研究课题。这篇综述在深入分析光催化热力学及动力学的基础上，系统地阐述了分等级纳米结构光催化剂的优势(如改进分子扩散与传递性能、提升光子捕获以及增加比较面积等)与形成策略(如自组装技术、模板法、化学诱导自转变等),并概述了近年来分等级光催化剂在污染物降解、分解水产氢及CO2还原合成太阳能燃料等领域的应用进展。

As a green and sustainable technology, semiconductor-based heterogeneous photocatalysis has received much attention in the last few decades because it has potential to solve both energy and environmental problems. To achieve efficient photocatalysts, various hierarchical semiconductors have been designed and fabricated at the micro/nanometer scale in recent years. This review presents a critical appraisal of fabrication methods, growth mechanisms and applications of advanced hierarchical photocatalysts. Especially, the different synthesis strategies such as two-step templating, in situ template-sacrificial dissolution, self-templating method, in situ template-free assembly, chemically induced self-transformation and post-synthesis treatment are highlighted. Finally, some important applications including photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, photocatalytic H2 production and photocatalytic CO2 reduction are reviewed. A thorough assessment of the progress made in photocatalysis may open new opportunities in designing highly effective hierarchical photocatalysts for advanced applications ranging from thermal catalysis, separation and purification processes to solar cells.

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