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虫号: 3843799
注册: 2015-05-01
性别: GG
专业: 合成药物化学

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Investigation of terpene diversification across multiple
sequenced plant genomes
Plants produce an array of specialized metabolites, including chem-
icals that are important as medicines, flavors, fragrances, pigments
and insecticides. The vast majority of this metabolic diversity is
untapped. Here we take a systematic approach toward dissecting
genetic components of plant specialized metabolism. Focusing
on the terpenes, the largest class of plant natural products, we
investigate the basis of terpene diversity through analysis of
multiple sequenced plant genomes. The primary drivers of terpene
diversification are terpenoid synthase (TS) “signature” enzymes
(which generate scaffold diversity), and cytochromes P450 (CYPs),
which modify and further diversify these scaffolds, so paving the
way for further downstream modifications. Our systematic search
of sequenced plant genomes for all TS and CYP genes reveals that
distinct TS/CYP gene pairs are found together far more commonly
than would be expected by chance, and that certain TS/CYP pair-
ings predominate, providing signals for key events that are likely
to have shaped terpene diversity. We recover TS/CYP gene pairs
for previously characterized terpene metabolic gene clusters and
demonstrate new functional pairing of TSs and CYPs within pre-
viously uncharacterized clusters. Unexpectedly, we find evidence
for different mechanisms of pathway assembly in eudicots and
monocots; in the former, microsyntenic blocks of TS/CYP gene
pairs duplicate and provide templates for the evolution of new
pathways, whereas in the latter, new pathways arise by mixing
and matching of individual TS and CYP genes through dynamic
genome rearrangements. This is, to our knowledge, the first docu-
mented observation of the unique pattern of TS and CYP assembly
in eudicots and monocots.

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