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FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science邃｢ VR 1.0 PT J AU Fischer, B Ziadeh, M Pfaff, A Breu, J Altstadt, V AF Fischer, Bianca Ziadeh, Mazen Pfaff, Andre Breu, Josef Altstaedt, Volker TI Impact of large aspect ratio, shear-stiff, mica-like clay on mechanical behaviour of PMMA/clay nanocomposites SO POLYMER AB For the first time poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites based on a synthetic shear-stiff, mica-like K-fluorohectorite clay were prepared by melt -compounding. Besides stiffness, this new synthetic type of clay offers very high aspect ratios above 600 after exfoliation, whereas a tailored surface modification of the clay yielded a good compatibility to the matrix material. The influence of different clay loadings (0-4 wt.-%) on mechanical behaviour of PMMA/clay nanocomposites were studied for two aspect ratios (approximate to 55 and approximate to 620), set into correlation with morphology and compared to natural montmorillonite (MMT) clay, which has an aspect ratio of approximate to 50. It was found, that the use of these novel nanoplatelets leads to a significantly increased fracture toughness of about 25 and 70% in the case of an aspect ratio of 55 and 620, respectively, in comparison to neat PMMA, without sacrificing tensile strength. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the corresponding fracture surfaces and mu-computer tomography (mu-CT) revealed a high dispersion quality of the synthetic organo-clay in PMMA. Different fracture mechanisms could be identified. The presence of the nanofiller varies the local stress state in the matrix and promotes additional energy dissipating mechanisms like crack deflection, crack pinning as well as debonding effects with platelets pull-out leading to enhanced fracture toughness. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. RI Pfaff, Andre/G-4945-2011; Altstaedt, Volker /J-3869-2014 SN 0032-3861 PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 53 IS 15 BP 3230 EP 3237 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.04.055 UT WOS:000306151100020 ER PT J AU Ebrahimzadeh, A Addeh, J Rahmani, Z AF Ebrahimzadeh, Ataollah Addeh, Jalil Rahmani, Zahra TI Control chart pattern recognition using K-MICA clustering and neural networks SO ISA TRANSACTIONS AB Automatic recognition of abnormal patterns in control charts has seen increasing demands nowadays in manufacturing processes. This paper presents a novel hybrid intelligent method (HIM) for recognition of the common types of control chart pattern (CCP). The proposed method includes two main modules: a clustering module and a classifier module. In the clustering module, the input data is first clustered by a new technique. This technique is a suitable combination of the modified imperialist competitive algorithm (MICA) and the K-means algorithm. Then the Euclidean distance of each pattern is computed from the determined clusters. The classifier module determines the membership of the patterns using the computed distance. In this module, several neural networks, such as the multilayer perceptron, probabilistic neural networks, and the radial basis function neural networks, are investigated. Using the experimental study, we choose the best classifier in order to recognize the CCPs. Simulation results show that a high recognition accuracy, about 99.65%, is achieved. (C) 2011 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. SN 0019-0578 PD JAN PY 2012 VL 51 IS 1 BP 111 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.isatra.2011.08.005 UT WOS:000300078100014 PM 22035774 ER PT J AU Hanske, C Schneider, C Drechsler, M Wittemann, A Fery, A AF Hanske, Christoph Schneider, Christian Drechsler, Markus Wittemann, Alexander Fery, Andreas TI Salt-regulated attraction and repulsion of spherical polyelectrolyte brushes towards polyelectrolyte multilayers SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS AB Adsorption of colloidal particles presents an interesting alternative to the modification of surfaces using covalent coupling or physisorption of molecules. However, to tailor the properties of these materials full control over the effective particle-substrate interactions is required. We present a systematic investigation of the adsorption of spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPB) onto polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM). A brush layer grafted from colloidal particles allows the incorporation of various functional moieties as well as the precise adjustment of their adsorption behaviour. In the presence of oppositely charged surfaces the amount of adsorbed SPB monotonically increases with the ionic strength, whereas equally charged substrates efficiently prevent colloidal attachment below a threshold salt concentration. We found that the transition from the osmotic to the salted brush regime at approximately 100 mM coincided with a complete loss of substrate selectivity. In this regime of high ionic strength, attractive secondary interactions become dominant over electrosteric repulsion. Due to the soft polyelectrolyte corona a surface coverage exceeding the theoretical jamming limit could be realized. Both the adsorption kinetics and the resulting thin film morphologies are discussed. Our study opens avenues for the production of two-dimensional arrays and three-dimensional multilayered structures of SPB particles. RI Wittemann, Alexander/E-7697-2011; Drechsler, Markus/A-8731-2010; Fery, Andreas/E-3673-2014 SN 1463-9076 PY 2012 VL 14 IS 12 BP 4196 EP 4203 DI 10.1039/c2cp23408d UT WOS:000300946600020 PM 22354351 ER PT J AU Marques, JT de Almeida, RFM Viana, AS AF Marques, Joaquim T. de Almeida, Rodrigo F. M. Viana, Ana S. TI Biomimetic membrane rafts stably supported on unmodified gold SO SOFT MATTER AB The formation of lipid bilayers on bare gold containing gel/fluid and liquid disordered/liquid ordered domains (lipid rafts), essential for the functioning of biological membranes, is reported here for the first time. Such binary and ternary lipid mixtures deposited on gold are improved biomimetic platforms. However, gold's hydrophobic nature has been an obstacle for direct deposition, and most studies rely on previous modification of its surface. In this work, lipid mixtures were deposited under different experimental conditions, including those commonly used for other solid supports such as mica, which are known to yield planar and organized bilayers. Atomic force microscopy imaging was used to study the topography of the lipid films at the nanoscale. The coverage, continuity and packing were addressed by ellipsometry and cyclic voltammetry, taking advantage of gold optical/electrical properties. A high quality bilayer displaying well organized lipid rafts is obtained by small or large unilamellar vesicle fusion in 10 mM Hepes buffer without added salt, while the presence of NaCl inhibits the formation of a lipid bilayer and leads to tubular structures. The raft-containing bilayer is stable over a wide range of potential sweep, enabling the development of new lipid raft based biosensing interfaces. RI Viana, Ana/D-7048-2012; de Almeida, Rodrigo/D-8629-2012 OI Viana, Ana/0000-0001-8405-9672; de Almeida, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9748-7083 SN 1744-683X PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 2007 EP 2016 DI 10.1039/c2sm06738b UT WOS:000299291900038 ER PT J AU Sikora, AE Smith, JR Campbell, SA Firman, K AF Sikora, Aneta E. Smith, James R. Campbell, Sheelagh A. Firman, Keith TI AFM protein-protein interactions within the EcoR124I molecular motor SO SOFT MATTER AB Dynamic Force Spectroscopy (DFS), an Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) technique, has been used to investigate the interaction between the HsdR subunit and the core methylase (MTase) of the Type I Restriction-Modification (R-M) enzyme EcoR124I. Such systems are of interest in bionanotechnology owing to their ability to translocate DNA, thus acting as molecular motors. Forces between a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-HsdR(PrrI) motor subunit attached to an AFM tip using a polyethylene gycol linker and the core MTase on poly-L-lysine pre-treated mica were measured at different loading rates. In the absence of an applied force, the position of energy barrier x(diss), bond dissociation rate k(diss)(0) and lifetime of the bond tau(0) were calculated to be 1.35 +/- 0.17 nm, 0.16 s(-1) and 6.3 s, respectively. The k(diss)(0) value was a little lower than that obtained from magnetic tweezers (0.4 s(-1)), suggesting that the thermodynamic equilibrium may be affected by the presence of DNA. This work demonstrates that kinetic data concerning protein-protein interactions between subunits within Type I R-M enzymes are accessible via AFM. Such information is important for structure elucidation and the development of nanodevices. RI Smith, James/D-2350-2011 SN 1744-683X PY 2012 VL 8 IS 23 BP 6358 EP 6363 DI 10.1039/c2sm07213k UT WOS:000304309300020 ER PT J AU Parvaiz, MR Mohanty, S Nayak, SK Mahanwar, RA AF Parvaiz, M. Rahail Mohanty, Smita Nayak, Sanjay K. Mahanwar, R. A. TI Polyetheretherketone Composites Reinforced With Surface Modified Mica SO POLYMER COMPOSITES AB Mica fillers reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites were fabricated using compression molding technique. To improve embedding of the mica within the PEEK matrix, the mica surface was chemically modified using vinyl trimethoxysilane (VTMO), at variable concentration (0-1.5 wt%). The performance characteristics and treated mica PEEK at mica loading of 20 wt% composites were examined in terms of scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and modulated differential scanning calorimetry. The tensile strength and modulus improved to the tune of 81 and 44% with treated mica-filled PEEK composites. Mechanical tests revealed improved properties of VTMO-treated mica/PEEK composites, which confirmed improved interfacial adhesion with chemical treatment. The increment of the dynamic modulus for the treated mica PEEK composites was also noticed to 82% as compared with untreated counterpart, at elevated temperatures of 250 C, indicating apparent improvement of high-temperature mechanical properties. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:2121-2128, 2010. (C) 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers SN 0272-8397 PD DEC PY 2010 VL 31 IS 12 BP 2121 EP 2128 DI 10.1002/pc.21010 UT WOS:000284722700014 ER PT J AU Luque, M Ruiz, F Steuer, RE AF Luque, Mariano Ruiz, Francisco Steuer, Ralph E. TI Modified interactive Chebyshev algorithm (MICA) for convex multiobjective programming SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH AB In this paper. we describe an interactive procedural algorithm for convex multiobjective programming based upon the Tchebycheff method, Wierzbicki's reference point approach, and the procedure of Michalowski and Szapiro. At each iteration, the decision maker (DM) has the option of expressing his or her objective-function aspirations in the form of a reference criterion vector. Also, the DM has the option of expressing minimally acceptable values for each of the objectives in the form of a reservation vector. Based upon this information, a certain region is defined for examination. In addition, a special set of weights is constructed. Then with the weights, the algorithm of this paper is able to generate a group of efficient solutions that provides for an overall view of the current iteration's certain region. By modification of the reference and reservation vectors, one can "steer" the algorithm at each iteration. From a theoretical point of view, we prove that none of the efficient solutions obtained using this scheme impair any reservation value for convex problems. The behavior of the algorithm is illustrated by means of graphical representations and an illustrative numerical example. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. RI Ruiz, Francisco/K-4911-2014 OI Ruiz, Francisco/0000-0002-2612-009X SN 0377-2217 PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 204 IS 3 BP 557 EP 564 DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2009.11.011 UT WOS:000275241100017 ER PT J AU Parvaiz, MR Mahanwar, PA AF Parvaiz, M. Rahail Mahanwar, P. A. TI Effect of Coupling Agent on the Mechanical, Thermal, Electrical, Rheological and Morphological Properties of Polyetheretherketone Composites Reinforced with Surface-Modified Mica SO POLYMER-PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING AB The mica fillers reinforced Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites were fabricated using compression molding technique. The mica surface was chemically modified using vinyltrimethoxy silane and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxy silane. The properties of treated mica PEEK composites were examined in terms of scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and rheological behavior. The modified mica was observed to disperse more uniformly than the unmodified counterpart. The tensile strength and modulus also improved with treated mica filled PEEK composites. The increment of the dynamic modulus for the PEEK/treated mica composites is 82% at 250 degrees C, indicating apparent improvement of high temperature mechanical properties. SN 0360-2559 PY 2010 VL 49 IS 8 BP 827 EP 835 DI 10.1080/03602551003773080 UT WOS:000284640500011 ER PT J AU Mahari, A Zare, K AF Mahari, Arash Zare, Kazem TI A solution to the generation scheduling problem in power systems with large-scale wind farms using MICA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS AB This paper presents a novel solution, based on the Imperialistic Competition Algorithm (ICA), in order to determine the feasible optimal solution of the Generation Scheduling (GS) problem, in power systems with large scale wind farms. The reserve requirement, load balance and wind power availability constraints are considered in this work. In order to solve a highly constrained GS problem, a modified version of ICA is introduced to improve the initialing new countries and assimilation operators of ICA. The proposed MICA is applied on different test systems, with different wind energy penetration level. The results are compared with other methodologies and the comparison demonstrates the validity and efficiency of the proposed method, which results in near optimal schedules, while considering different equality and inequality constraints. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. SN 0142-0615 EI 1879-3517 PD JAN PY 2014 VL 54 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.06.025 UT WOS:000325831600001 ER PT J AU Faghihnejad, A Zeng, HB AF Faghihnejad, Ali Zeng, Hongbo TI Interaction Mechanism between Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Surfaces: Using Polystyrene and Mica as a Model System SO LANGMUIR AB The interactions between hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules, particles, or surfaces occur in many biological phenomena and industrial processes. In this work, polystyrene (PS) and mica were chosen as a model system to investigate the interaction mechanism between hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. Using a surface forces apparatus (SFA) coupled with a top-view optical microscope, interaction forces between PS and mica surfaces were directly probed in five different electrolyte solutions (i.e., NaCl, CaCl2, NaOH, HCI, and CH3COOH) of various concentrations. Long-range repulsion was observed in low electrolyte concentration (e.g., 0.001 M) which was mainly due to the presence of microscopic and submicroscopic bubbles on PS surface. A modified Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory well fits the interaction forces by taking into account the effect of bubbles on PS surface. The range of the repulsion was dramatically reduced in 1.0 M solutions of NaCl, CaCl2., and NaOH but did not significantly change in 1.0 M HCI and CH3COOH, which was due to ion specificity effect on the formation and stability of bubbles on PS surface. The range of repulsion was also significantly reduced to <20 nm in degassed electrolyte solutions. UV-ozone treatment changed the hydrophobic attraction of the untreated PS-PS system to pure repulsion between untreated PS and treated PS, demonstrating the important role of surface hydrophobicity on the formation and stability of bubbles on substrates. Our results indicate that DLVO forces dominate the interaction between hydrophilic surface (i.e., mica) and hydrophobic polymer (i.e., PS), while the types of electrolytes (ion specificity), electrolyte concentration, degassing, and surface hydrophobicity can significantly affect the formation and stability of bubbles on the interacting surfaces, thus affecting the range and magnitude of the interaction forces. SN 0743-7463 EI 1520-5827 PD OCT 8 PY 2013 VL 29 IS 40 BP 12443 EP 12451 DI 10.1021/la402244h UT WOS:000326355600014 PM 24015905 ER PT J AU Hu, YD Neil, C Lee, B Jun, YS AF Hu, Yandi Neil, Chelsea Lee, Byeongdu Jun, Young-Shin TI Control of Heterogeneous Fe(III) (Hydr)oxide Nucleation and Growth by Interfacial Energies and Local Saturations SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY AB To predict the fate of aqueous pollutants, a better understanding of heterogeneous Fe(III) (hydr)oxide nucleation and growth on abundant mineral surfaces is needed. In this study, we measured in situ heterogeneous Fe(III) (hydr)oxide nucleation and growth on quartz, muscovite, and corundum (Al2O3) in 10(-4) M Fe(III) solution (in 10 mM NaNO3 at pH = 3.7 +/- 0.2) using grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). Interestingly, both the fastest heterogeneous nucleation and slowest growth occurred on corundum. To elucidate the mechanisms, zeta potential and water contact angle measurements were conducted. Electrostatic forces between the charged Fe(III) (hydr)oxide polymeric embryos and substrate surfaces-which affect local saturations near the substrate surfaces-controlled heterogeneous growth rates. Water contact angles (7.5 degrees +/- 0.7,22.8 degrees +/- 1.7, and 44.8 degrees +/- 3.7 for quartz, muscovite, and corundum, respectively) indicate that corundum has the highest substrate water interfacial energy. Furthermore, a comparison of structural mismatches between the substrates and precipitates indicates a lowest precipitate-substrate interfacial energy for corundum. The fastest nucleation on corundum suggests that interfacial energies in the solution-substrate-precipitate system controlled heterogeneous nucleation rates. The unique information provided here bolsters our understanding of nanoparticle-mineral surface interactions, mineral surface modification by iron oxide coating, and pollutant transport. RI Hu, Yandi/F-7968-2011 OI Hu, Yandi/0000-0002-8506-9335 SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 PD AUG 20 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 9198 EP 9206 DI 10.1021/es401160g UT WOS:000323471700026 PM 23875694 ER PT J AU Martin-Garcia, B Velazquez, MM AF Martin-Garcia, Beatriz Mercedes Velazquez, M. TI Block copolymer assisted self-assembly of nanoparticles into Langmuir-Blodgett films: Effect of polymer concentration SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS AB We propose to use the self-assembly ability of a block copolymer to obtain CdSe quantum dots (QDs) structures of different morphology. The methodology proposed consist in transferring mixed Langmuir monolayers of QDs and the polymer poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride) partial 2 buthoxy ethyl ester cumene terminated, PS-MA-BEE onto mica by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) methodology. The morphology of the LB films was analyzed by AFM and TEM measurements. Our results show that it is possible to modulate the self-assembly process by modifying the composition of the mixed Langmuir monolayer precursor of the LB film. The different morphologies are interpreted according to two different dewetting mechanisms, growth of holes and spinodal-like dewetting. The growth of holes dewetting process is driven by gravitatory effects and was observed for LB films obtained by transferring Langmuir monolayer of the smallest elasticity values in which the polymer is in brush conformation. The spinodal dewetting mechanism prevailed when the Langmuir monolayer presents the highest elasticity values. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. SN 0254-0584 PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 141 IS 1 BP 324 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.05.017 UT WOS:000322149700047 ER PT J AU Souza, DHS Dahmouche, K Andrade, CT Dias, ML AF Souza, D. H. S. Dahmouche, K. Andrade, C. T. Dias, M. L. TI Synthetic organofluoromica/poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites: Structure, rheological and thermal properties SO APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE AB Organically modified fluoromica/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites were prepared by melt processing at different compositions in an internal mixer at the same conditions. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was used to measure the molar masses of PLA alone, before and after processing. The results indicated that PLA presented some degradation during melt mixing. With the addition of the organically-modified fluoromica, higher reduction in the polymer molar masses was found. The structure of the synthetic mica and of the clay polymer nanocomposites (CPN) was studied by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), which revealed the presence of nanometer-sized clay mineral aggregates. Dynamical rheological measurements were carried out in the linear viscoelastic region for both PLA and CPN molten samples. A predominantly viscous behavior was obtained for the polymer samples, whereas the CPN presented a pronounced elastic behavior. Addition of mica to PLA also had a significant effect on the complex viscosity of PLA, imparting an increasing shear thinning behavior with increasing mica composition. Below T-g, dynamical mechanical analysis results showed a substantial decrease of rigidity of the CPN in relation to PLA alone, attributed to the presence of high content of organic intercalant in the synthetic fluoromica. Lower cold crystallization rate was detected for the CPN in comparison with processed PLA alone. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. SN 0169-1317 EI 1872-9053 PD AUG PY 2013 VL 80-81 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.clay.2013.04.012 UT WOS:000325039100035 ER PT J AU Ocwieja, M Adamczyk, Z AF Ocwieja, Magdalena Adamczyk, Zbigniew TI Controlled Release of Silver Nanoparticles from Monolayers Deposited on PAH Covered Mica SO LANGMUIR AB Systematic studies of silver particle deposition kinetics under diffusion transport on poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) modified mica were carried out. Mono layer coverage, quantitatively determined by AFM and SEM, was regulated within broad limits by adjusting the deposition time and the ionic strength. The stability of obtained silver films was determined in controlled release experiments also carried out under diffusion transport for pronged time periods reaching 240 h. The decrease in the surface coverage of particles was followed by SEM and AFM imaging. The role of particle size, ionic strength, and temperature was systematically studied. It was determined that particle release kinetics was enhanced by increase in ionic strength and temperature, whereas the effect of particle size was less significant. These results were theoretically interpreted in terms of the random sequential adsorption model (RSA), which allowed one to determine the equilibrium adsorption constant K-a and the binding energy (energy minimum depth). For particles of the average size 15 nm and T = 298 K, the energy varied between -16.9 kT for ionic strength 0.1 M and -18.8 kT for ionic strength 10(-4) M. For the largest nanoparticles 54 nm, the energy varied between -17.7 kT for ionic strength 0.1 M and -20.8 kT for ionic strength 10(-4) M. These results suggest that the interactions between surface and nanoparticles are mainly controlled by electrostatic attraction between ion pairs. Our studies indicate that there is a possibility of a controlled release of silver nanoparticles from films formed at solid substrates, which can be significant for biological application, e.g., in respect to antibacterial activity. RI Adamczyk, Zbigniew/K-4697-2012 SN 0743-7463 PD MAR 19 PY 2013 VL 29 IS 11 BP 3546 EP 3555 DI 10.1021/la304855k UT WOS:000316168400006 PM 23320387 ER PT J AU Muller, L Brighton, LE Jaspers, I AF Mueller, Loretta Brighton, Luisa E. Jaspers, Ilona TI Ozone exposed epithelial cells modify cocultured natural killer cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY AB Muller L, Brighton LE, Jaspers I. Ozone exposed epithelial cells modify cocultured natural killer cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 304: L332-L341, 2013. First published December 14, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00256.2012.-Ozone (O-3) causes significant adverse health effects worldwide. Nasal epithelial cells (NECs) are among the first sites within the respiratory system to be exposed to inhaled air pollutants. They recruit, activate, and interact with immune cells via soluble mediators and direct cell-cell contacts. Based on our recent observation demonstrating the presence of natural killer (NK) cells in nasal lavages, the goal of this study was to establish a coculture model of NECs and NK cells and examine how exposure to O-3 modifies this interaction. Flow cytometry analysis was used to assess immunophenotypes of NK cells cocultured with either air- or O-3-exposed NECs. Our data show that coculturing NK cells with O-3-exposed NECs decreased intracellular interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), enhanced, albeit not statistically significant, IL-4, and increased CD16 expression on NK cells compared with air controls. Additionally, the cytotoxicity potential of NK cells was reduced after coculturing with O-3-exposed NECs. To determine whether soluble mediators released by O-3-exposed NECs caused this shift, apical and basolateral supernatants of air- and O-3-exposed NECs were used to stimulate NK cells. While the conditioned media of O-3-exposed NECs alone did not reduce intracellular IFN-gamma, O-3 enhanced the expression of NK cell ligands ULBP3 and MICA/B on NECs. Blocking ULBP3 and MICA/B reversed the effects of O-3-exposed NECs on IFN-gamma production in NK cells. Taken together, these data showed that interactions between NECs and NK cells in the context of O-3 exposure changes NK cell activity via direct cell-cell interactions and is dependent on ULBP3/MICA/B expressed on NECs. SN 1040-0605 PD MAR PY 2013 VL 304 IS 5 BP L332 EP L341 DI 10.1152/ajplung.00256.2012 UT WOS:000315676600004 PM 23241529 ER PT J AU Ibana, JA Aiyar, A Quayle, AJ Schust, DJ AF Ibana, Joyce Altamarino Aiyar, Ashok Quayle, Alison Jane Schust, Danny Joseph TI Modulation of MICA on the surface of Chlamydia trachomatis-infected endocervical epithelial cells promotes NK cell-mediated killing SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AB Chlamydia trachomatis serovars D-K are obligate intracellular bacteria that have tropism for the columnar epithelial cells of the genital tract. Chlamydia trachomatis infection has been reported to induce modifications in immune cell ligand expression on epithelial host cells. In this study, we used an in vitro infection model that resulted in a partial infection of C.similar to trachomatis-exposed primary-like immortalized endocervical epithelial cells (A2EN). Using this model, we demonstrated that expression of the natural killer (NK) cell activating ligand, MHC class I-related protein A (MICA), was upregulated on C.similar to trachomatis-infected, but not on noninfected bystander cells. MICA upregulation was concomitant with MHC class I downregulation and impacted the susceptibility of C.similar to trachomatis-infected cells to NK cell activity. The specificity of MICA upregulation was reflected by a higher cytolytic activity of an NK cell line (NK92MI) against C.similar to trachomatis-infected cells compared with uninfected control cells. Significantly, data also indicated that NK cells exerted a partial, but incomplete sterilizing effect on C.similar to trachomatis as shown by the reduction in recoverable inclusion forming units (IFU) when cocultured with C.similar to trachomatis-infected cells. Taken together, our data suggest that NK cells may play a significant role in the ability of the host to counter C.similar to trachomatis infection. SN 0928-8244 PD JUN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 1 BP 32 EP 42 DI 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2012.00930.x UT WOS:000303439000004 PM 22251247 ER PT J AU Niu, BL Huang, YJ Zhang, S Wang, DD Xu, HJ Kong, DL Qiao, MQ AF Niu, Baolong Huang, Yujian Zhang, Suai Wang, Dandan Xu, Haijin Kong, Deling Qiao, Mingqiang TI Expression and characterization of hydrophobin HGFI fused with the cell-specific peptide TPS in Pichia pastoris SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION AB The cell-specific peptide TPS (TPSLEQRTVYAK) has been proposed as a potential candidate for fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds based on its ability of binding to human endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) with high affinity and specificity. In this study, the class I hydrophobin hgfI gene from Grifola frondosa and the tps were fused and cloned into pPIC9. The fusion gene was expressed in Pichia pastoris under the control of alcohol oxidase 1 promoter. Tricine-SDS-PAGE and Western blotting confirmed that the fusion protein TPS-linker-HGFI (TLH) was successfully secreted into the culture medium. The fusion protein TLH was purified by ultrafiltration and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Water contact angle (WCA) demonstrated that similar to recombinant HGFI (rHGFI), the purified TLH could convert the surface wettability of polystyrene and mica. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements indicated that the purified TLH could form stable films on the hydrophobic siliconized glass surface. The cell adhesion examination showed that the TLH modified poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) could specially facilitate the EPC (particularly EPC derived from human) binding, while rHGFI modified PCL could nonselectively enhance cells adhesion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that demonstrates that the TPS peptide was immobilized on biomaterial-PCL surface by fusion with hydrophobin. The potential application of this finding in combination with biomedical devices for EPC culture, will facilitate the current techniques used for cell-based therapies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. SN 1046-5928 PD MAY PY 2012 VL 83 IS 1 BP 92 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2012.03.004 UT WOS:000303428500013 PM 22440542 ER PT J AU van den Bruele, FJ de Poel, W Sturmans, HWM Pintea, S de Gelder, R Wermeille, D Juricek, M Rowan, AE van Enckevort, WJP Vlieg, E AF van den Bruele, F. J. de Poel, W. Sturmans, H. W. M. Pintea, S. de Gelder, R. Wermeille, D. Juricek, M. Rowan, A. E. van Enckevort, W. J. P. Vlieg, E. TI Monolayer and aggregate formation of a modified phthalocyanine on mica determined by a delicate balance of surface interactions SO SURFACE SCIENCE AB An ordered layer of a phthalocyanine modified with ether tails can be formed on muscovite mica if removed from solution and dried. This ordered layer forms on potassium terminated as well as on sodium terminated mica, but not on a hydronium terminated surface. The molecules lie flat on the surface, as shown by AFM and X-ray diffraction, giving a layer thickness of approximately 1 nm. In solution, however, no in-plane ordering exists. The material is attracted to the substrate surface but instead of ordering, it aggregates in a liquid-like mobile fashion. This is likely caused by the fact that the water present in solution has a stronger interaction with the potassium ions on the mica surface than with the ether tails of the phthalocyanine. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. RI van Enckevort, Willem/D-5226-2012; de Gelder, Rene/D-4587-2012; Juricek, Michal/E-4626-2012; Vlieg, Elias/G-3386-2012 OI Juricek, Michal/0000-0001-5595-431X; SN 0039-6028 PD MAY PY 2012 VL 606 IS 9-10 BP 830 EP 835 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2012.01.019 UT WOS:000302522500011 ER PT J AU Gordon, PW Brooker, ADM Chew, YMJ Letzelter, N York, DW Wilson, DI AF Gordon, Patrick W. Brooker, Anju D. M. Chew, Y. M. John Letzelter, Nathalie York, David W. Wilson, D. Ian TI Elucidating enzyme-based cleaning of protein soils (gelatine and egg yolk) using a scanning fluid dynamic gauge SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN AB The enzyme-based cleaning of two model protein soils was investigated using a scanning fluid dynamic gauge (sFDG). The sFDG device allows data to be collected from more than one sample or location during a single experiment and therefore makes a range of comparative studies feasible. The sFDG was modified to allow the forces imposed on the surface to be controlled during a test. Gelatine films on stainless steel swelled in the presence of alkali at 20 degrees C but were not removed. Enzymes from a commercial dishwasher product interrupted swelling when the mean water volume fraction of the film reached similar to 0.9 and promoted removal. The enzyme effectiveness decreased over time. Egg yolk deposits (spray dried on mica) were studied in a protease/buffer solution at 40 degrees C. The deposits swelled on contact with alkali, and removal started after similar to 40 min. Some flow over the deposit was required to achieve complete cleaning, but the time taken to clean exhibited a weak dependence on the shear stress imposed by the flow for shear stresses above 10 Pa. The cleaning behaviour was strongly influenced by the nature of the deposit. Baking the deposit at 150 degrees C reduced the rate and extent of swelling as well as the rate of removal, and could result in the formation of a residual film that exhibited yield stress characteristics. (C) 2011 The Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. SN 0263-8762 PD JAN PY 2012 VL 90 IS 1A SI SI BP 162 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.cherd.2011.07.007 UT WOS:000300269500019 ER PT J AU Clauer, N AF Clauer, N. TI Another insight into illitization by K-Ar dating of micro- to nano-metric illite-type particles exchanged with alkylammonium cations SO CLAY MINERALS AB Micrometric and nanometric illite-rich size fractions of claystones, bentonites and shales were exchanged with alkylammonium cations that have the specificity of stoichiometrically replacing K in trioctahedral mica interlayers. The purpose of the study was a separate evaluation of the K-Ar ages of potentially dioctahedral residual particles not affected by alkylammonium leaching and of potentially trioctahedral illites that were exchanged by the organic molecules. The K-Ar ages of micrometric size fractions from an Estonian Blue Clay sample collected next to another studied previously show that, even if identical in their mineralogical characteristics, the fractions contain variable amounts of trioctahedral particles that are of different origins. The alkylammonium treatment modifies slightly, within analytical uncertainty, the K-Ar ages of the <0.1 and 0.1-0.4 mu m size fractions from, respectively, 464 +/- 13 and 530 +/- 14 Ma before organic exchange to 480 +/- 11 and 546 +/- 12 Ma after. The K-Ar ages of alkylammonium exchanged nanometric size fractions from the rim and centre of a thick Upper Cretaceous bentonite bed in Montana suggest that trioctahedral illite-rich particles mineralogically and chemically homogeneous and about 30 Ma old precipitated next to older dioctahedral particles of similar to 60-65 Ma. The untreated mixtures consist of two generations of authigenic illite having apparently different di/trioctahedral layerings. The same type of authigenic di/trioctahedral illite layering could be demonstrated for nanometric illite particles of a bentonite bed from the East Slovak Basin, one size fraction appearing to even consist of a pure trioctahedral illite as the alkylammonium exchange emptied completely the illite interlayers. The nearby shale level consisted of detrital illite particles that were found to be of different ages, di/trioctahedral layerings and therefore varied origin. K-Ar ages of alkylammonium exchanged micrometric to nanometric illite and illite-smectite mixed layers, either increasing or decreasing, appear to outline variable di/trioctahedral layering assemblages or independent particle mixtures resulting from a more complex smectite illitization process than the conventionally assumed homogeneous reaction. It could record changing chemical compositions of the interacting pore fluid during crystallization, even when illitization progressed slowly. Similar ages before and after alkylammonium exchange suggest a constant chemical composition and therefore an homogeneous dioctahedral crystal structure. Alternatively, a changing chemical composition of the fluids during illitization is potentially recorded by variable K-Ar ages of the alkylammonium-leached illite resulting from differentiated ion exchanges. SN 0009-8558 PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 4 BP 593 EP 612 DI 10.1180/claymin.2011.046.4.593 UT WOS:000298177700006 ER PT J AU Tseng, HJ Lin, JJ Ho, TT Tseng, SM Hsu, SH AF Tseng, Hsiang-Jung Lin, Jiang-Jen Ho, Tung-Tso Tseng, Sheng-Mao Hsu, Shan-hui TI The biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of nanocomposites from polyurethane and nano silicate platelets SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A AB Nanocomposites from a polyether-type waterborne polyurethane (PU) and 0.1 wt % of silicate materials were prepared. The individual silicate materials were natural clays (montmorillonite and mica), their exfoliated clays [nano silicate platelets (NSP) and nano mica platelets], and NSP modified with C18 fatty amine (NSP-S). The physico-chemcical properties and antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites were characterized in vitro. The biostability and biocompatibility of the nanocomposites were evaluated in vivo. The nanocomposites exhibited various surface morphologies with phase separation of hard and soft domains in nanometric scales. The nanocomposite containing NSP (PU-NSP) showed better endothelial cell attachment and gene expression. The better biocompatibility of PU-NSP and PU-NSP-S was evidenced by the lower thickness of foreign body capsules in rat subcutaneous implantation. PU-NSP had the least surface degradation in vivo as demonstrated by the electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. This may be associated with the different surface structure. PU-NSP and PU-NSP-S showed strong bacteriostatic effects, which suggested that the nano clay in the polymer matrix may still interact with the microbes. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 192-202, 2011. SN 1549-3296 PD NOV PY 2011 VL 99A IS 2 BP 192 EP 202 DI 10.1002/jbm.a.33175 UT WOS:000295142400006 PM 21976444 ER PT J AU Stewart, TA Nyman, M Deboer, MP AF Stewart, Tom A. Nyman, May deBoer, Maarten P. TI Delaminated titanate and peroxotitanate photocatalysts SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL AB Delaminated layered titanates are effective, versatile, robust and practical photocatalytic materials for degradation of organic and microbiological contaminants. In prior studies, these have generally been obtained from Cs-titanate lepidocrocite-analogue parent materials. In this study we show that delaminated sodium nonatitanate (SNT) is equally effective as the delaminated Cs-titanate; yet it is cheaper to synthesize and is obtained in about one-third as many processing steps. Two chemical modifications; ligation with peroxide and treatment with phosphate resulted in improved photodegradation of common dyes; bromophenol-blue and methyl-orange. Together these two dyes provided experimental conditions ranging from pH similar to 4.5-9. All layered titanate materials proved to be more effective colloidal suspension photocatalysts than standard TiO2. Although most common characterization techniques could not distinguish significant differences between the different delaminated titanates (from different parent materials, with chemical modifications), band-gap measurement via UV-vis spectroscopy proved informative. Generally the closer the match between the band-gap and the UV-light source, the more effective the catalyst. Finally, these layered titanates were electrostatically adhered to a surface, and photocatalytic activity was retained in this form. Furthermore, in this surface-adsorbed form we could see clear morphological differences between the Cs-titanate and SNT derived materials, as well as measure the height of the adsorbed layers. All observations by Atomic Force Microscopy indicated that the titanates layers that adhere to mica have a thickness of 1-10 layers thick (similar to 1-4 nm). These materials in their surface-fixed forms are very promising for water treatment technologies. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. RI de Boer, Maarten/C-1525-2013 SN 0926-3373 PD JUN 9 PY 2011 VL 105 IS 1-2 BP 69 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.03.036 UT WOS:000291907400008 ER PT J AU Xu, N Hu, YX Lei, B Hong, YT Dang, FX AF Xu Ning Hu Yu-xin Lei Bin Hong You-tang Dang Fu-xing TI Mineral Information Extraction for Hyperspectral Image Based on Modified Spectral Feature Fitting Algorithm SO SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS AB Spectral feature fitting (SFF) algorithm has been frequently used since 1990s. A modified spectral feature fitting method is introduced here, which can solve some drawback of the general algorithm. The method mentioned here combines SFF with user-defined constraints in spectral absorption feature to extract more accurate target information from hyperspectral image. Two experiments are presented herein, in which three algorithms are used to obtain mineral information from hyperspectral data with different space resolution and SNR. Muscovite, calcite and chlorite etc. are extracted by general SFF, modified SFF and spectral angle mapping (SAM) respectively, and the result indicates that modified SFF algorithm is more effective in differentiating subtle spectral feature and obtaining accurate mineral information. The experiments also demonstrate that the algorithm mentioned here is validated in mineral information extraction. SN 1000-0593 PD JUN PY 2011 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1639 EP 1643 DI 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2011)06-1639-05 UT WOS:000291227800044 ER PT J AU Morales, LFG Casey, M Lloyd, GE Williams, DM AF Morales, Luiz F. G. Casey, Martin Lloyd, Geoffrey E. Williams, Danielle M. TI Kinematic and temporal relationships between parallel fold hinge lines and stretching lineations: A microstructural and crystallographic preferred orientation approach SO TECTONOPHYSICS AB Folds with hinge lines subparallel to stretching lineation are common features in shear zones and represent extreme cases of fold modification. However, their microstructures and in particular their kinematic significance remain poorly understood. Here we describe the meso- and micro-scale structures and crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) of quartz and muscovite from a metric-scale shear-modified fold from Plattjen, Saas Fee, Western Internal Alps. The studied fold is of class-2 and the samples collected around the fold have essentially the same microstructures. Quartz Id-axes plotted in the tectonic coordinate system exhibit an apparent reverse obliquity on opposing limbs. Muscovite fabrics are controlled essentially by the orientation of {001} planes. If the CPO data are plotted in a common reference frame (e.g. either fold or geographical), all samples exhibit essentially the same patterns for both minerals. In particular, relative to the fold axis and axial surface, the reversal of quartz CPO obliquity on opposing limbs is no longer evident. The small obliquity (similar to 15 degrees) between the intersection lineation of the two planes of {001} of muscovite and the fold axis results in the apparent reversal of shear sense on opposite limbs when viewing the CPO related to the macroscopic fabric. The homogeneity of the microstructures and CPUs of quartz and muscovite across the fold support the interpretation that the fold developed during simultaneous activation of heterogeneous and homogeneous simple shear, with the former responsible for fold development and the latter responsible for fold rotation and the overwhelming of the heterogeneous deformation. These processes led to the observed parallelism between fold hinge line and local stretching lineation. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. SN 0040-1951 PD APR 29 PY 2011 VL 503 IS 3-4 BP 207 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2011.03.003 UT WOS:000290832800004 ER PT J AU Ahmad, Z Ansell, M Smedley, D AF Ahmad, Zakiah Ansell, Martin Smedley, David TI Fracture toughness of thixotropic and room temperature cured epoxy-based adhesives for in situ timber bonding SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES AB An experimental investigation has been carried out on the fracture toughness of three thixotropic and room temperature cured epoxy-based adhesives formulated specifically for in situ timber bonding namely CB10TSS (standard adhesive), Albipox is a modification of CB10TSS with the addition of nano-dispersed carboxyl-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (CTBN) and Timberset is a commercially used adhesive formulation containing quartz, mica and bentonite and cured with an aliphatic diamine (TMD). The fracture toughness behaviour of the adhesives was investigated using the Charpy impact test on unnotched specimens conditioned at 20 degrees C/65%RH and 30 degrees C/95%RH to observe the effect of temperature and moisture. The Charpy impact tests were also performed on notched specimens to evaluate notch sensitivity, and a single-edge notched beam (SENB) test was performed to evaluate the stress intensity factor, KIC. The fracture surfaces were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Under high impact rate at 20 degrees C/65%RH, toughness was in the order of CB10TSS, Albino and Timber set. CB10TSS and Albino were found to be ductile in the unmatched state and brittle when notched. After exposure to 30 degrees C/95%RH, Albino was tougher than CB10TSS due to an increase in ductility, which allowed the rubber particles to cogitate. Timber set was brittle in both unmatched and notched states. Under low strain rate (SENB) conditions the addition of CTBN significantly improved the fracture toughness of Albino compared with CB10TSS and Timber set. Examination of the topography of the fractured surface revealed marked changes in crack propagation due to the addition of nana- or micro-fillers accounting for the variation in toughness properties. The toughness of thixotropic adhesives, specified for bonding in connections in timber structures, could therefore be enhanced by the inclusion in the epoxy matrix of phase separated liquid rubber. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. RI Ansell, Martin/A-5987-2013 SN 0143-7496 PD OCT PY 2010 VL 30 IS 7 BP 539 EP 549 DI 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2010.05.005 UT WOS:000281452200002 ER PT J AU Park, JW AF Park, Jin-Won TI First-Leaflet Phase Effect on Properties of Phospholipid Bilayer Formed Through Vesicle Adsorption on LB Monolayer SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE BIOLOGY AB Phospholipid bilayers were formed on mica using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique and liposome fusion, as a model system for biomembranes. Nanometer-scale surface physical properties of the bilayers were quantitatively characterized upon the different phases of the first leaflets. Lower hydration/steric forces on the bilayers were observed at the liquid phase of the first leaflet than at the solid phase. The forces appear to be related to the low mechanical stability of the lipid bilayer, which was affected by the first leaflet phase. The first leaflet phase also influenced the long-range repulsive forces over the second leaflet. Surface forces, measured using a modified probe with an atomic force microscope, showed that lower long-range repulsive forces were also found at the liquid phase of the first leaflet. Force measurements were performed at 300 mM sodium chloride solution so that the effect of the phase on the long-range repulsive forces could be investigated by reducing the effect of the repulsion between the second-leaflet lipid headgroups on the long-range repulsive forces. Forces were analyzed using the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory so that the surface potential and surface charge density of the lipid bilayers were quantitatively acquired for each phase of the first leaflet. SN 0022-2631 PD OCT PY 2010 VL 237 IS 2-3 BP 107 EP 114 DI 10.1007/s00232-010-9311-0 UT WOS:000284542200005 PM 21038105 ER PT J AU Liu, XM Song, JL Wu, D Genzer, J Theyson, T Rojas, OJ AF Liu, Xiaomeng Song, Junlong Wu, Dong Genzer, Jan Theyson, Thomas Rojas, Orlando J. TI Surface and Friction Behavior of a Silicone Surfactant Adsorbed on Model Textiles Substrates SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AB This study reports on interactions of an amphiphilic block copolymer of polyalkylene oxide-modified poly(dimethylsiloxane) with thin films of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and nylon, as well as with reference hydrophilic silica surfaces. The dynamics of adsorption, adsorbed mass, and viscoelasticity of the adsorbed layer are quantified by using a quartz crystal microbalance, while boundary layer lubrication behaviors are studied by using lateral force microscopy. Driven by hydrophobic interactions, the silicone surfactant adsorbs following a Langmuir isotherm and forms strongly adsorbed layers on the polymer surfaces with an areal mass directly related to the hydrophobicity of the substrate. The self-assembled silicone surfactant molecules improve significantly wettability and lower friction. The results reported herein will broaden our understanding of lubrication phenomena in textile and fiber processing applications. RI Wu, Dong/H-4987-2014; Rojas, Orlando/O-2890-2014 OI Rojas, Orlando/0000-0003-4036-4020 SN 0888-5885 PD SEP 15 PY 2010 VL 49 IS 18 BP 8550 EP 8557 DI 10.1021/ie1012213 UT WOS:000281498300034 ER PT J AU Hurai, V Janak, M Thomas, R AF Hurai, Vratislav Janak, Marian Thomas, Rainer TI Fluid-assisted retrogression of garnet and P-T history of metapelites from HP/UHP metamorphic terrane (Pohorje Mountains, Eastern Alps) TI Rock-Soil Preferences of Three Cephalocereus (Cactaceae) Species of Tropical Dry Forests TI Modern sedimentation patterns and human impacts on the Barcelona continental shelf (NE Spain) TI Epitaxial Growth of Trichosanthin Protein Crystals on Mica Surface SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN TI The effect of underlying octadecylamine monolayer on the DNA conformation on the graphite surface TI Polymetamorphism and crustal evolution of the eastern Pyrenees during the Late Carboniferous Variscan orogenesis TI Probe chemistry effect on surface properties of asymmetric-phase lipid bilayers TI Which minerals control the Nd-Hf-Sr-Pb isotopic compositions of river sediments? TI Weathering and Relative Durability of Detrital Minerals in Equatorial Climate: Sand Petrology and Geochemistry in the East African Rift TI A new composite based on gypsum matrix and mineral additives: Hydration process of the matrix and thermal properties at room temperature TI Proteins in the electric field near the surface of mica SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS TI Resolving poly-metamorphic Paleoarchean ages by chemical dating of monazites using multi-spectrometer U, Th and Pb analyses and sub-counting methodology TI Modification of Alkanethiolate Monolayers by O(P-3) Atomic Oxygen: Effect of Chain Length and Surface Temperature TI Opto-structural and dielectric properties of 80 MeV oxygen ion irradiated natural phlogopite mica TI Oscillating brittle and viscous behavior through the earthquake cycle in the Red River Shear Zone: Monitoring flips between reaction and textural softening and hardening TI Scattering from suspended sediments having different and mixed mineralogical compositions: Comparison of laboratory measurements and theoretical predictions TI Hydrokenomicrolite, (square,H2O)(2)Ta-2(O,OH)(6)(H2O), a new microlite-group mineral from Volta Grande pegmatite, Nazareno, Minas Gerais, Brazil TI EXTREME FRACTIONATION AND DEFORMATION OF THE LEUCOGRANITE - PEGMATITE SUITE AT RED CROSS LAKE, MANITOBA, CANADA. III. DESCRIPTION OF SHEARING AND MYLONITIZATION TEXTURES IN THE LEPIDOLITE PEGMATITES TI RADIOGENIC ISOTOPE SYSTEMATICS OF THE TANCO AND SILVERLEAF GRANITIC PEGMATITES, WINNIPEG RIVER PEGMATITE DISTRICT, MANITOBA TI Monte Carlo Study of the Adsorption and Aggregation of Alkyltrimethylammonium Chloride on the Montmorillonite-Water Interface TI FM-AFM constant height imaging and force curves: high resolution study of DNA-tip interactions TI Effects of the lung surfactant protein B construct Mini-B on lipid bilayer order and topography TI Inferring protoliths of high-grade metamorphic gneisses of the Erzgebirge using zirconology, geochemistry and comparison with lower-grade rocks from Lusatia (Saxothuringia, Germany) |
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